Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to H Hauck.
Carbon monoxide exchange via the lungs can be satisfactorily described by mathematical models. More complex models allow consideration of various parameters influencing this process. Particularly for special situations like for high risk groups or for extreme environments such a model can be used successfully.
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The rate of intracellular killing of T. mentagrophytes microconidia by polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNL) was investigated in 35 patients with anamnestic or actually present tinea infections under various conditions: in autologous serum, in serum of healthy controls, and in heat-inactivated serum. If the PMNL were incubated in serum from "immunologically experienced" persons, we found acceleration of the intracellular killing rate. Differences regarding killing rates were seen in the first hour of incubation (13 +/- 7.7% against 1 +/- 0.8%), becoming even more pronounced after heat-inactivation of the serum. Absorption of the patient's serum with T. mentagrophytes microconidia markedly reduced the rate of intracellular killing during the first hour of incubation, whereas microconidia pre-incubated in patients serum were readily killed even if a negative control serum was present.
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The Candida hemagglutination test (Candida-HA-Test), the complement fixation, Candida immunofluorescent test (Candida-IF-Test) and the agglutination-test were performed in 34 patients suffering from genital candidosis and in 34 healthy controls. The results obtained were: Candida hemagglutination and complement fixation titers are raised to the same extent in patients suffering from Candida albicans-balanoposthitis when soluble polysaccharide antigens are used in both tests. The high titers indicate a great portion of mercaptoethanol susceptible antibodies in those subjects. When compared with controls, the hemagglutination titers are fourfold lower than those of the patients. There is a four-to-sixfold decrease of the hemagglutination titers performed after mercaptoethanol treatment of the sera in the patients. On the other hand, there is only a twofold decrease of hemagglutination titers in the controls. In chronically infected persons the hemagglutination titers are within the normal range or are raised insignificantly. There is only a twofold decrease in HA-titers after treatment of the sera with mercaptoethanol. On the other hand, the agglutination- and the Candida-IF-titers seem to be elevated as a rule in chronically infected. In those patients the gamma G- and the gamma A-titers are significantly raised, too. The results mentioned above are discussed with regard to their clinical significance.
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For the practising dermatologist the following examinations for the diagnosis of a fungus infection are recommended: unstained and stained preparations, as well as cultural differentiation of the causative organisms. In case of a first negative culture of a cutaneous mycosis histological examination is advised. The section should be stained by the PAS method. In all mycotic diseases of the skin, skin appendages and mucous membranes, which are resistant to therapy, an intracutaneous test with the specific antigen should be performed to examine the cellular immunity against the cultured organism.
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A rapid and reliable method of carboxyhemoglobin determination is described. Hemoglobin-bound carbon monoxide is released chemically into a continuous nitrogen stream and transported to an infrared gas analyser. The total amount of released CO is determined electronically. 100% CO Hb values are obtained in the same way from diluted blood samples after flushing with pure CO in special saturation vessels. The method described yields results with a standard deviation of +/- 2.5%.
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Complicated pneumothorax is defined as a recurrent or persistent air leak in the pleural interspace beyond 5 days despite adequate tube drainage. Up to now, this disorder could only be corrected by open thoracotomy. Endoscopic fibrin pleurodesis is shown to be a method that could obviate, in most cases, the need for thoracotomy. In the last 6 years, 138 of 153 patients presenting with complicated spontaneous pneumothorax were treated with this method. The fibrin sealant consists of 2 components: fibrinogen, factor XIII, and albumin dissolved in aprotinin (3,000 KIU/ml), and a thrombin calcium chloride solution, which is applied through the working channel of a thoracoscope and vaporized with nitrous oxide. In this observation period, 6 (4.4%) recurrences were observed, which were subsequently treated with thoracotomy; a second attempt at fibrin pleurodesis was not undertaken. In all cases, endoscopic sealing was followed by prompt reexpansion of the collapsed lung. Long-term follow-up was satisfactory, pulmonary function tests showed no signs of restrictive dysfunction, and pleural fibrosis was not observed on x-ray as reported in other modes of treatment. Following these results, it is concluded that this method is useful in cases of persistent, therapy-resistant, complicated spontaneous pneumothorax; its effects are durable and it has a low rate of recurrence. It produces a physiological healing process without damage to the pleura.