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Biomedical subjects

H Heckers

Publications and source records attributed to H Heckers.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Lipoprotein metabolism in menopause. Effect of hormonal substitution therapy].

Oral administration of conjugated estrogens, estradiol valerate and micronized estradiol--but not the percutaneous application--in the postmenopause modifies the plasmic lipoprotein profile by lowering, dose-dependently, LDL and elevating HDL (HDL2). In parallel, the cardiovascular mortality is decreased by 50-66%, with smokers also benefiting to the same extent. On account of the increased risk for endometrial carcinoma associated with postmenopausal estrogen monotherapy, combination with a lowest-dose gestagen is imperative. However, the very numerous synthetic gestagens can antagonize the favorable effects of the estrogen on lipoprotein metabolism. This applies in particular to the gestagens of the 19-nortestosterone type, such as norethisterone acetate and, in particular, levonorgestrel, but less so the 17-hydroxyprogesterone derivatives medroxyprogesterone acetate and medrogestone with their very low androgenic effect.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Chemically prepared fats and Crohn disease. A pilot study of the occurrence of trans-fatty acids in the subcutaneous tissue of Crohn patients in comparison with healthy controls as a parameter of long-term fat intake].

In a pilot study the fatty acid pattern of subcutaneous adipose tissue from 22 patients with Crohn's disease and 22 subjects of a healthy control group was analyzed using glass capillary gas-liquid chromatography. Among all fatty acids amounting to at least 1% peak area of the chromatograms, only trans-octadecenoate differed significantly (p less than 0.05) between both study groups, the mean value being 2.39 +/- 0.83% in patients with Crohn's disease and 1.96 +/- 0.46% in healthy controls. Also the mean value of trans-hexadecenoate was significantly (p less than 0.05) higher in the Crohn group (0.25 +/- 0.07%) than in the control group (0.21 +/- 0.06%). There was a strongly positive linear correlation (p less than 0.001) between the trans-hexadecenoate and trans-octadecenoate values for the Crohn patients but not for the controls. Our results demonstrate that patients with Crohn's disease as a group consume more trans-monoene fatty acids than healthy controls, thus providing evidence for a higher intake of chemically processed fats like margarine, shortenings, frying and cooking fats. In further studies which are necessary to examine Guthy's hypothesis the fatty acid composition of adipose tissue should be followed up as an ideal marker of long-term dietary compliance.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1986

High dosage desferrioxamine therapy in a female patient with acquired aplastic anaemia and transfusion siderosis.

A 32 year old woman with severe aplastic anaemia required frequent transfusions and consequently developed hyperferrioxaemia (54 microMol/l) and hyperferritinaemia (1,700 ng/ml). For the treatment of transfusion siderosis she was given 18 high dose courses each comprising 35 g of desferrioxamine. Because of pre-existing thrombocytopenia (platelet count 5 X 10(9)/l) the iron chelating agent was given by continuous intravenous infusion over 3 1/2 days. High dose desferrioxamine had to be abandoned because of severe bone pain. The desferrioxamine infusions achieved a negative iron balance, iron loss after each infusion being 100 to 200 mg in the urine and 400 mg in the faeces. Serum iron and ferritin concentrations fell almost to normal. This report shows that faecal iron excretion must be taken into account in assessing the balance of iron input and output during desferrioxamine treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The effect of different fat supplemented diets on the erythrocyte ghosts and plasma lipid composition of geriatric subjects.

The responses of the lipid composition of erythrocyte ghosts and plasma phospholipid fatty acids of 20 female donors, aged older than 70 years, to different margarine and butter supplemented diets were investigated. On a low level of daily caloric intake (1900 kcal) there were no changes in phospholipid and cholesterol content of the red cell membranes, but statistically significant changes were found in erythrocyte and plasma phospholipid fatty acid patterns. These results demonstrate the influence of the fatty acid composition of the dietary fats with special reference to saturated, trans-isomeric monoene, and polyunsaturated acids.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Age-dependent physiochemical and biochemical studies of human red cell membranes.

Erythrocyte ghosts of male persons of two age groups, younger than thirty and older than seventy years, were analyzed to investigate the imfluence of age on lipid composition, the physical state of the lipid phase, Na+K+-ATPase activity and sialic acid content. The phospholipid content in red cell membranes of old donors is significantly lower than in young ones. Cholesterol and fatty acid compositions shows no difference between the two donor groups. The membrane fluidity in liposomes prepared from total lipids of old donor decreased. No significant difference in lipid composition and membrane fluidity reflected by the spin labels was observed between blood group A and O. The activity of Na+K+-ATPase of the young donors with blood group A is significantly higher than those of old donors. The results also demonstrate a decrease of sialic acid content of red cells of old donors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Paraffin oil pneumonia. Analysis of saturated hydrocarbons in different human tissue.

Temperature-programmed gas chromatographic analysis on columns packed with Apiezon L as stationary phase is shown to be the best method for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of simple and complex hydrocarbon mixtures when compared with all the other applicable techniques (thin-layer chromatography, column chromatography, ultraviolet spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry) described in this paper. Using the method in a patient with mineral oil pneumonia it could be demonstrated that he expectorated a maximum of 79.5 mg liquid paraffin daily and also transported equally complex saturated hydrocarbons in a concentration of 1.3 mg% in plasma and of 1.6 mg% in the cellular blood components. In an additional experiment the direct determination of liquid paraffin resorbed from the gastrointestinal tract was possible in a patient with a left chyle fistula in the neck. After a dose of 50 g liquid paraffin administered as a laxative, 246 ml chyle was collected within the following 14 h which yielded a total of 4.5 mg liquid paraffin. Its composition was identical with the administered laxative. Assuming a daily lymph volume of 1.51, the resorbed amount would correspond to a resorption rate of 0.5 (see article) liquid paraffin. The importance of these results as well as the diagnostic consequences arising from the described analytical technique are discussed in detail.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Trans-isomeric fatty acids present in West German margarines, shortenings, frying and cooking fats.

Fatty acid patterns were determined in 83 brands of margarine, 9 brands of low-calorie margarine and 18 brands of shortening, frying and cooking fat purchased at random from the retail marker in the Federal Republic of Germany in 1973/1974, and a second time in 1976. As a result of gas-liquid chromatographic analyses on a Silar 10 C coated packed column, complemented in some cases by the values recorded on a highly selective SP 2340 capillary column, trans-octadecenoic acids ranging from 53.2 to 0.1% were measured. None of the products examined was completely free of trans-fatty acids. High values of trans-octadecenoate were always accompanied by positional isomers of cis-octadecenoate, by 9trans,12trans-octadecadienoate and by 9cis,12trans-octadecadienoate and 9trans,12cis-octadecadienoate. Furthermore, two mixed geometric isomers derived from linolenic acid (probably 9cis,12cis,15trans-octadecatrienoate and 9trans,12cis,15cis-octadecatrienoate) could be identified, provided that the individual brand contained sufficient linolenic acid. Following partial hydrogenation, transhexadecenoate, 0.1 to 0.2%, was detected in some of the edible fats.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1978

The role of high density lipoproteins in lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase activity: perspectives from Tangier disease.

Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase activity and the lipid composition of VLDL and LDL were examined in five patients homozygous for Tangier disease. The following results were obtained: I. The percentage of cholesterol that was esterified was similar in Taniger and control lipoproteins. II. Linoleic acid was the predominant fatty acid constituent of cholesteryl esters in Tangier plasma. III. Molar cholesterol esterification rates in Tangier plasma were reduced; however, fractional rates of cholesterol esterification were equal to or exceeded those of control plasma. IV. In vitro addition of apoprotein A-I and isolated lipoproteins led to a concentration-dependent increase in the initial rates of cholesterol esterification in Tangier plasma. It is concluded that HDL is not an exclusive substrate for the LCAT reaction, and that cholesterol esterification is not impaired in Tangier plasma.

Apolipoproteins↗
PubMed1977

[Clinical and morphological findings in Tangier disease (hypo-alpha-lipoporteinaemia) and its ENT-significance (author's transl)].

The report deals with the first three cases of Tangier disease (Hypo-alpha-Lipoproteinaemia) observed in Germany. This rare metabolic disorder is distinguished by a diminution of HDL-Lipoproteins in serum and a lipid storage in histiocytes. The prominent symptom is the orange yellow discolouration of hyperplastic tonsills and adenoids; further symptoms of the disease generally are various, the development is little typical. The morphological substrat of the deranged fat metabolism is cholesteryl ester storage in the reticuloendothelial system, smooth muscle cells, pericytes and Schwann cells of peripheral nerves. M. Tangier can be differentiated from other lysosomal defects by ultrastructural and chemical parameters, it seems to have a autosomal recessive inheritance. It is the ENT-specialist, who can establish an early diagnosis of this disease, provided he is aware of its clinical features.

Adenoids↗
PubMed1977

Occurrence of individual trans-isomeric fatty acids in human myocardium, jejunum and aorta in relation to different degrees of atherosclerosis.

With the aid of a highly selective capillary column coated with SP 2340, individual trans-fatty acids were identified in all tissue samples studied, the values being unrelated to the degree of atherosclerosis. The mean values of total trans-acids present in human myocardium, jejunum and aorta amounted to less than 1% of the total fatty acids. The trans-acid content was composed of traces of 9-trans-tetradecenoic acid and nearly equal amounts of 9-trans-hexadecenoate and trans-octadecenoate, the double bond in the latter occurring in the delta6, delta9 and delta11 positions. 9-trans,12-trans-octadecadienoate or the corresponding mixed geometric isomers could not be identified in any sample. Additionally, significant increases of 20:4c(n-6), 22:4c(n-6) and 22:6c(n-3) acids were measured in the myocardium of patients who had died from severe atherosclerosis of the aorta and coronary arteries. The atherosclerosis was not attributable to different dietary habits, as judged from the content of linoleic acid in their adipose tissue.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Inefficiency of cynarin as therapeutic regimen in familial type II hyperlipoproteinaemia.

Seventeen ambulant outpatients with familial Type IIa or Type IIb hyperlipoproteinaemia were treated with Cynarin, the 1,5-dicaffeyl ester of quinic acid, the constituent of the artichoke (Cynara scolymus). The dose tested was 250 mg and 750 mg daily. The mean serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were not significantly changed within 3 months. Cynarin, administered per os, has no hypolipidaemic effect in familial Type II hyperlipoproteinaemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Mineral oil pneumonia caused by throat gargles containing lipoid paraffin. Diagnosed by biochemical examination of the sputum (author's transl)].

A 20-year-old man developed a pneumonia after using throat gargles containing lipoid paraffin over 5 years. The lung biopsy showed a lipoid pneumonia and the bodyplethysmographic examination a ventilation disorder indicating a starting lung fibrosis. By the means of gaschromatography the identity of the lipoid in the sputum and in the gargle sample was established and the diagnosis continued. The disease, its pathophysiology and iatrogenic etiology are discussed and the consequencies concerning the ENT-specialist are stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Body potassium and skinfold thickness in an isocaloric, fat-rich diet (author's transl)].

Nine partly weak overweighted sport students got a fat rich isocaloric diet (70% fat, 20% protein, 10% carbohydrates) for three weeks. Body weight, body potassium and skinfold thicknesses were measured. A constant loss of body weight was the result. Lean body mass and body fat decreased. It is supposed that protein is used for gluconeogenesis if carbohydrate reduction is nearly total.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1976

[Fatty acids in 80 brands of edible vegetable oil and in 14 brands of mayonnaise (author's transl)].

The fatty acid patterns have been defined in 80 commonly used table oils chosen at random and of 14 brands of mayonnaise commercially available in West Germany. In addition, sterols of the various mayonnaises were analysed. The oils could be grouped into 8 different categories: 12 oliver oils, 8 maize oils, 14 soya oils, 5 linseed oils, 22 sunflower oils, 3 safflower oils, 5 groundnut oils, and 8 rapeseed oils. As a result of the analyses, it is in almost every case a question of a pure variety of non-animal oils. The range of the values obtained for the composition of the fatty acids for each variety, which can be considerable, represents a modern complement to previous analyses. The fatty acid pattern of 3 additional commerical table oils suggest an amalgamation with fats of other types, among which are 2 cases of mixture with rapeseed oils. For mayonnaise, soya oil is used almost exclusively as a fat component. The presence of sunflower oil was only confirmed in one brand of mayonnaise. The concentrations of cholesterol which were determined lie between 17.0 and 72.3 mg (average 53 mg) per 100 g mayonnaise, so that even in the case of persons which present an elevated risk of atherosclerosis there can be no objection to the consumption of mayonnaise. The nutritive-physiological significance of these various oils for human nutrition is thoroughly discussed. A possible health hazard is the sale of vegetable oils rich in erucic acid permitted in the West German Republic (proportion of erucic acid in the 8 samples examined: 223-53%). These vegetable oils, as is shown by the additionally indicated trade names with the corresponding supplementary specifications are overwhelmingly labelled as vegetable oil (Pflanzenöl) or table oil (Speiseöl). The purchase prices indicated and paid by us for the oils examined are subject to considerable fluctuations even for oils of the same quality.

Cholesterol↗