Arthrography and arthroscopy are invasive diagnostic procedures performed on all main joints of the human body. Both procedures are effective, with differing methods of visualizing intra-articular structures. Whereas the arthrogram reproduces a black-and-white, two-dimensional picture of a spatial structure (an indirect procedure), arthroscopy provides a colored picture facilitating a three-dimensional assessment of the joint cavity, palpation, and the arthroscopic operation. However, both procedures have their weaknesses. False-positive and false-negative results may occur in arthrographic techniques, whereas in arthroscopy, the inability to visualize particular joint regions resulting from the anatomical features of the joints is known. Arthroscopy and arthrography are complementary procedures in joint diagnosis. The present paper is based on experience gathered in 5188 arthroscopies of the six large human joints. Prior to all hand and hip arthroscopies, arthrographic examinations were performed. They provided essential information in 30% of all ankle-joint arthroscopies and in 10% of all knee arthroscopies, but in only a few elbow and shoulder arthroscopies.

Ankle Joint↗

PubMed1989

[Resection of the coracoacromial ligament. A simple surgical procedure for decompression of the subacromial space].

Resection of the coracoacromial ligament is a simple method for decompression of the subacromial space. The operation can be performed under arthroscopic control or by means of a small incision above the ligament. 61 patients were operated on by this method during the period between July 1987 and August 1988. 37 patients were questioned regarding the results. In 40% of these there was an alleviation of pain, 48% had an improved motility and 67% would again agree to the operation that appeared indicated (in the patients referred for surgery) both in the impingement syndrome and in antiquated ruptures of the rotator cuffs.

Acromion↗

PubMed1988

[Therapy of empyema of the knee and hip].

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Abscess↗

PubMed1987

[Joint endoscopy].

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Arthroscopy↗

PubMed1987

[When which arthroscope?].

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Arthroscopes↗

PubMed1987

[Synergistic joint diagnosis].

Many methods are useful in the diagnosis of diseases of the joints. Noninvasive methods deserve preference; invasive techniques such as arthrography and arthroscopy are second choice, after noninvasive methods have been applied. The synergic combination of the two last-named methods has proved successful. Arthrography, performed before arthroscopy in the operation theatre, supplements arthroscopy findings and extends the diagnostic value of the arthroscopic findings, in a similar manner as the combination of computed tomography and arthrography.

Arthrography↗

PubMed1985

[Acute arthroscopy in clinically stable knees with hemarthrosis].

From 2006 arthroscopies of the knee, carried out between 1978 and 1983, 196 cases (9.8%) presented with traumatic haemarthroses and clinically stable capsular ligaments. A comparison was made between the standard clinical examination including routine X-ray and arthroscopy carried out under anaesthesia. Arthroscopy, as a diagnostic procedure, was found to be clearly superior with the same minimal complication rate. The standard clinical examination was inferior and inadequate particularly in cases with isolated torn anterior cruciate ligaments, in chondral injuries, and luxation of the patella. Thus, in a recent trauma with haemarthrosis and a clinically stable ligament apparatus, acute arthroscopy is the investigational method of choice, preferably carried out under anaesthesia.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1975

[The physiology of the isolated dog pancreas--the influence of the actual blood glucose level on the blood circulation in the pancreas].

1. Glucose loading tests were undertaken on isolated pancreas or pancreas-duodenal preparations. 2. In 75% of cases a vasodilatation can be observed which leads to enhanced blood circulation under constant pressure in the isolated organ. 3. This vasodilatation persists until the level of blood sugar has normalized. 4. The experiment being carried out on an isolated organ, external factors such as the vagus nerve, do not become active.

Animals↗