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Biomedical subjects

H Henmi

Publications and source records attributed to H Henmi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Lysyl oxidase and MMP-2 expression in dehydroepiandrosterone-induced polycystic ovary in rats.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by cystogenesis; however, the cause of this cystogenesis is unknown. At ovulation, preovulatory collagenolytic activities in the ovarian follicles increase and various proteinases are needed to degrade the tissues surrounding the follicles. To clarify the roles of enzymes in collagen degradation of the follicular wall of polycystic ovary (PCO) in relation to the cystogenesis, we examined expression of lysyl oxidase (LOX), which initiates cross-link formation of the collagen and elastin in the extracellular matrix, and expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in ovaries of model rats with PCO induced by dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) compared with MMP expression in control rats. DHEA treatment increased LOX mRNA expression to more than three times the control value (P: < 0.01). MMP-2 mRNA expression in control rats was threefold greater than that in the DHEA-induced group (P: < 0.05). Expression of both latent and active forms of MMP-2 in controls was more than twice that in the DHEA-induced group (P: < 0.05) as shown by Western blotting, and expression of the active form of MMP-2 was also twice as high in the controls as in the DHEA-treated group (P: < 0.05) as shown by zymography. Our results suggest that depression of MMP-2 activity and increased LOX expression may be one of the causes of the cystogenesis of PCO.

Androstenedione↗
PubMed2000

Complete hydatidiform mole coexisting with a live fetus after gamete intrafallopian transfer. A case report.

BACKGROUND: Molar pregnancy with a coexisting live fetus is a rare occurrence. We report the only known case with a surviving coexistent fetus after gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT). CASE: After GIFT, a 28-year-old primary infertility patient was diagnosed as having a complete hydatidiform mole coexisting with a live fetus at 13 weeks of gestation. At 36 weeks of gestation, a cesarean section was performed due to elevated serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels, and a male infant with a normal appearance and weighing 2,688 g was delivered. CONCLUSION: If the patient desires to try to carry the fetus to viability after counseling on the possible associated risks of malignancy, it is possible to achieve fetal viability if (1) there is decline in the serum hCG level after it peaks before the second trimester, (2) ultrasound reveals degeneration of the molar part, and (3) there are no complications of pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

The effects of growth hormone on corpus luteum of superovulated rats.

In general, growth hormone acts as a factor promoting cell proliferation in the positive direction and suppresses apoptosis. No report has described growth hormone (GH)-induced structural luteolysis. The present studies showed that GH induced structural luteolysis in rats after the induction of functional luteolysis by treatment with bromocriptine, and that apoptotic cells were present among luteal cells during structural luteolysis as shown by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling. Zymography showed that the activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 increased during GH-induced structural luteolysis. The expression of c-myc protein of luteal cells was significantly decreased, but proliferating cell nuclear antigens (PCNA) were conversely increased during structural luteolysis, as shown by Western blot analysis. We propose that an excessive increase in PCNA and a marked decrease in c-myc protein of luteal cells lead to a disorder in the signals concerned with DNA synthesis, causing mitotic catastrophe and inducing apoptosis in luteal cells, and that structural luteolysis may be triggered. GH-induced apoptosis in structural luteolysis therefore highly depends on the cell cycle. There are thought to be two mechanisms of GH-induced structural luteolysis. One is apoptosis, and the other is destruction of extracellular matrix by MMP.

20-alpha-Dihydroprogesterone↗
PubMed1999

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist has the ability to induce increased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and membrane type 1-MMP expression in corpora lutea, and structural luteolysis in rats.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and its agonist analog (GnRHa) are well known to have luteolytic effects. We previously reported that prolactin (PRL) stimulated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 activity to degrade collagen type IV as a mechanism of structural luteolysis. The effects of GnRHa treatment on developed corpora lutea are unknown. In this study we assessed the effect of GnRH on MMP expression and induction of structural involution of developed corpora lutea of superovulated rats using GnRHa. Pregnant mare serum gonadotropin-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-synchronized ovulation and luteinization were induced in immature female rats, followed by daily treatment with GnRHa from 5 days after hCG treatment. GnRHa-induced involution of corpora lutea was evident 3 days after the treatment, as shown by their markedly smaller size (60% of the control weight). Nine days after hCG injection, serum progesterone and 20alpha-dihydroprogesterone concentrations were as low as those associated with structural luteolysis. These findings revealed that GnRHa has the ability to induce structural luteolysis in superovulated rats in the same way that PRL does. To gain information on mechanisms of luteal involution induced by GnRHa, we performed gelatin zymography. This showed a significant increase in the active form of MMP-2 in the luteal extract of GnRHa-treated rats (more than twofold that of the control). Activation of pro-MMP-2 by membrane type-MMP (MT-MMP) is reported to be a rate-limiting step for catalytic function. Another function of MT-MMP is to degrade collagen types I and III. The plasma membrane fraction of corpora lutea of GnRHa-treated rats activated pro-MMP-2 of fetal calf serum, resulting in a marked shift of the 68-kDa band to the 62-kDa band in the zymogram. A Northern hybridization study also revealed simultaneous significant increases in expression of MMP-2 mRNA and MT1-MMP mRNA in corpora lutea of GnRHa-treated rats (more than threefold the control level). In summary, hormonal and histological features of corpora lutea of GnRHa-treated superovulated rats correspond to those of structural luteolysis. GnRHa stimulated the expression of MMP-2 and MT1-MMP in developed corpora lutea associated with involution. These findings support the conclusion that MMP-2, activated by MT1-MMP, and MT1-MMP itself, remodel the extracellular matrix during structural luteolysis induced by GnRHa.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1998

New diagnostic peritoneal lavage criteria for diagnosis of intestinal injury.

BACKGROUND: Although diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) is a well-established, reliably objective method of diagnosis of intraperitoneal injury, it is too sensitive to be used as an indicator for emergency celiotomy. Therefore, since the development of ultrasonography and advanced computed tomographic scanners, the role of DPL has been markedly reduced. Despite such remarkable advances, however, radiologic diagnosis of intestinal injury cannot always provide definitive results, and DPL may still be valuable in such instances. We have developed a new DPL criteria specifically designed to aid in the diagnosis of intestinal injury and have evaluated its effectiveness. METHODS: From August 1988 to December 1995, we performed DPL in 250 patients with blunt abdominal trauma and analyzed the diagnostic accuracy of our new criteria. We used the standard quantitative white blood cell (WBC) criterion for detection of intestinal injury supplemented by a positive-negative borderline adjusted to WBC > or = red blood cell (RBC)/150, where RBC > or = 10 x 10(4)/mm3. RESULTS: Our criteria had a diagnostic sensitivity of 96.6% and a specificity of 99.4% for intestinal injury after exclusion of 57 patients in whom DPL was performed within 3 hours or after 18 hours from the time of injury. In 133 patients with hemoperitoneum, emergency celiotomy was performed in only 48; the remaining 85 patients with negative DPL based on the WBC criterion avoided surgery, and conservative management resulted in no complications. CONCLUSION: With the proposed criteria, DPL can be used to diagnose or exclude intestinal injury even in the presence of hemoperitoneum.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1998

Effects of estradiol and an aromatase inhibitor on progesterone production in human cultured luteal cells.

The human corpus luteum produces both estradiol and progesterone. It is well known that there are both autocrine and paracrine systems for the regulation of the corpus luteum and that estradiol regulates the progesterone production of the corpora lutea of some other species. To assess the direct effects of estrogen on human luteal function, we performed cell culture experiments. A low concentration of estradiol, almost equal to the amount of estradiol produced by human cultured luteal cells, directly stimulated progesterone production. 4-Cyclohexylaniline, an aromatase inhibitor, significantly reduced both progesterone production and estradiol production. Levels of estradiol higher than the levels that cultured human luteal cells themselves produced significantly reduced basal progesterone production and also significantly reduced human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), forskolin and dibutyryl-cyclic AMP-stimulated progesterone production. According to these data, high doses of estradiol produced a luteolytic action which widely inhibited the steroidogenesis process. In conclusion, our results indicated that estradiol in part regulates progesterone production physiologically and blocks progesterone production in a pharmacological or pathological state in the human corpus luteum.

Aniline Compounds↗
PubMed1996

Histological characteristics of the healing process of frozen skin allograft used in the treatment of burns.

Combined transplantation of skin autograft and allograft was used for the treatment of severe burns. The allografts were obtained from cadavers and were pretreated with 15 per cent glycerol for 2 h at 4 degrees C then frozen at -80 degrees C until used. Patches of autografts were placed over the burns and were covered by a stretched mesh of allografts. Biopsy samples of transplanted skin were obtained from 5 days to 4 weeks after grafting. Sections were examined by histological and immunohistochemical strainings. At 4 days, the epidermal-dermal junction of allografted skin was separated due to migration of epithelial cells derived from autograft epidermis or from skin appendages of recipient dermis. At 2 weeks, dermal fibroblasts and capillaries proliferated in autografts. At 3 weeks, the dermal components of the allograft were covered by epithelial cells from recipient tissue and were invaded by fibroblasts and capillaries. At 4 weeks, allografted skin was replaced by granulation tissue, which mediated the adhesion of the grafts to the underlying tissue. Skin allografts with a freeze-thawing pretreatment provide an appropriate matrix for the epithelial relining and for the growth of granulation tissue in burned skin.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Oxygen transport pattern in burned patient with sepsis under inotropic support].

Hemodynamic and oxygen-kinetic data of 16 burn patients with sepsis were analysed to explore relationship between oxygen transport pattern and clinical outcome after dopamine and dobutamine therapy. Two patterns of oxygen transport were shown in the 16 patients. Of them, ten (62.5%) had optimal DO2 and VO2 values (model I), and six (37.5%) had lower DO2 and VO2 values than the optimal (model II). All of 6 patients with model II developed lactic acidosis, septic shock and MOF and died. Two of 10 patients in model I developed MOF, only one died. The results indicate that, in burn patient with sepsis, the decreased response of DO2 and VO2 to inotropic therapy suggests failure of tissue perfusion, oxygen extraction and utilization, and may possibly predict the outcome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Blunt traumatic rupture of the heart: an experience in Tokyo.

The present study was planned to clarify the characteristics of blunt traumatic cardiac rupture. We performed a retrospective analysis of 63 patients with blunt traumatic cardiac rupture during the period from April 1975 through February 1993. Six of nine patients arrived with recordable blood pressure, and injuries were detected by ultrasonography. Three patients underwent pericardiocentesis before surgery. Seven patients survived overall. The hemodynamics in all seven survivors were stabilized within 3 days after cardiac repair. The survival rate among the patients who arrived with blood pressure was 54%. A patient who fell from higher than 6 meters or a pedestrian hit by car and thrown as short a distance as 6.5 meters may have cardiac rupture. Ultrasonography is a useful, quick, and sensitive way to detect the presence of pericardial fluid. We prefer to do pericardiocentesis with a large-bore catheter under ultrasonographic guidance for continuous pericardial drainage rather than to create a subxyphoid pericardial window for cardiac tamponade.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Recent advances in the management of chest trauma].

Emergency care of chest trauma has progressed greatly over the past two decades. Factors contributing to this progress include changes in the system for providing emergency medical services; the development of imaging diagnostic tools such as ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and computerized dynamic stereo radiography; advances in respiratory and circulatory care: and the spread of sophisticated methods of surgical management such as emergency room thoracotomy and thoracoscopic surgery. The vast majority of patients with chest trauma can be managed nonoperatively, with tube thoracostomy, pain control, chest physiotherapy, and medication. It is not unusual for pain relief or a single chest tube to improve a patient's condition dramatically. Therefore, every physician should know how to manage patients with chest trauma and how to make critical decisions as quickly as possible.

Diagnostic Imaging↗
PubMed1993

[Continuous intracarotid infusion of mannitol in severe head injury].

The clinical significance of continuous intracarotid infusion of a small dose of mannitol (ICI of mannitol) was discussed. Eighteen patients suffering from severe head injury with Glasgow coma scale (GCS) less than 6 were treated by ICI of mannitol for the improvement of raised intracranial pressure (ICP). In all of these 18 cases, conventional venous administration of mannitol could not be carried out, because of the unstable vital signs due to hypovolemic shock such as multiple trauma or disturbance of serum sodium and potassium levels. This method requires that a 20% mannitol solution be directly and continuously administered to the bilateral common carotid artery. The ICP 6 hours after the beginning of ICI of mannitol was significantly lower than the ICP just before the treatment. The total amount of excretion of the sodium and potassium through the urine every hour decreased significantly after this method was used. It was also noticed that this method was very suitable for stabilizing the vital signs in cases which had unstable vital signs such as hypovolemic shock. These findings suggested that ICI of mannitol has an advantage over the conventional venous administration of mannitol in cases which had to have correction of serum electrolyte or which had unstable vital signs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical study of intracranial pressure and auditory brain stem response in the cases of diffuse axonal injury].

The course of intracranial pressure (ICP) and the finding of auditory brain stem response (ABR) was discussed in the cases diagnosed as diffuse axonal injury (DAI) established by Gennarelli. ICP was measured in twenty-six cases which were divided into three groups according to the course of ICP: Group (1), in which ICP remained below 20 mmHg (group I, 9 cases). Group (2), in which ICP rose above 20 mmHg but was controlled by therapy (group II, 8 cases). Group (3), in which ICP rose above 20 mmHg and could not be controlled by any therapies (group III, 9 cases). Glasgow outcome scale 3 months after the injury in the cases of group I and II was severe disability (SD) and/or persistent vegetative state (PVS), but all of the cases in group III died. The findings of serial ABR were divided into 3 groups. These were group A (2 cases) which showed normal record, group B (5 cases) which showed elongation of latencies between the first and fifth waves, and group C (5 cases) in which there was no response in ABR. GOS in group A or B was SD and/or PVS, but all of the cases in group C were shown to be dead in GOS. Our studies suggest that the level of ICP in DAI is rather higher than that published in previous reports, and the continuous measurements of ICP and serial records of ABR are useful for evaluating the outcome of DAI.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Magnetic resonance imaging in diffuse brain injury].

Forty cases diagnosed as diffuse brain injury (DBI) were studied by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed within 3 days after injury. These cases were divided into two groups, which were the concussion group and diffuse axonal injury (DAI) group established by Gennarelli. There were no findings on computerized tomography (CT) in the concussion group except for two cases which had a brain edema or subarachnoid hemorrhage. But on MRI, high intensity areas on T2 weighted imaging were demonstrated in the cerebral white matter in this group. Many lesions in this group were thought to be edemas of the cerebral white matter, because of the fact that, on serial MRI, they were isointense. In mild types of DAI, the lesions on MRI were located only in the cerebral white matter, whereas, in the severe types of DAI, lesions were located in the basal ganglia, the corpus callosum, the dorsal part of the brain stem as well as in the cerebral white matter. As for CT findings, parenchymal lesions were not visualized especially in mild DAI. Our results suggested that the lesions in cerebral concussion were edemas in cerebral white matter. In mild DAI they were non-hemorrhagic contusion; and in severe DAI they were hemorrhagic contusions in the cerebral white matter, the basal ganglia, the corpus callosum or the dorsal part of the brain stem.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Studies on the carotenoids in the muscle of salmon--V. Combination of astaxanthin and canthaxanthin with bovine serum albumin and egg albumin.

1. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and/or egg albumin were bound to astaxanthin or canthaxanthin easily and the spectroscopic characteristics of these complexes were similar to those of astaxanthin or canthaxanthin in the salmon muscle. 2. This result indicates that astaxanthin-BSA, -egg albumin, canthaxanthin-BSA and -egg albumin complexes were basically similar to astaxanthin-actomyosin and/or canthaxanthin-actomyosin complex in the salmon muscle. 3. The binding of salmon actomyosin to astaxanthin or canthaxanthin is not specific.

Actomyosin↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical study on stab wounds of chest--factors that may influence their mortality].

Stab wounds of the chest occupy an important position in penetrating thoracic injuries in Japan. A retrospective review of 117 patients with stab wounds of the chest admitted to our hospital over the past 12 years (from 1975 to 1987) revealed some factors that might influence their mortality. Seven patients died from trans-diaphragmatic injuries of intra-abdominal organs. The management of intra-abdominal injuries was very important in thoracic stab wounds. Many of the patients with stab wounds of the precordial chest (danger zone) had cardiac or major vascular injuries, and the mortality rate of them was high. The mortality rate of the patients with stab wounds of the right lateral thorax was high, because many of them had trans-diaphragmatic liver injuries. We thought that right lateral thorax as well as precordial chest is the danger zone in thoracic stab wounds. Survival rate in the patients whose circulatory condition had been unstable when they admitted was very low. Five DOA (dead on arrival) patients with stab wounds of the chest required emergency room thoracotomy (ERT). One of them survived. Survival rate in the DOA patients with stab wounds of the chest was higher than that in the DOA patients with blunt thoracic injuries. ERT for cardiac insufficiency following stab wounds of the chest was thought an effective procedure for surviving. Survival rate of the patients with cardiac stab wounds was 63.6 per cent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[A clinical study on 164 patients with extensive burn--with special reference to improved survival factors].

One hundred and sixty four patients with extensive burn were treated over 6 years, 1976 through 1981. Clinical data were analyzed, dividing into successive period; Grod: Group I (83 patients, 1976-1978) and Group II (81 patients, 1979-1981). The mean age was 28.9 years, the mean burn area was 52.6% body surface area (% BSA) and Burn Index was 38.7 in group I, whereas in Group II 33.7 years, 56.0% BSA, 41.8, respectively. There are no statistical difference between the two groups. The mortality of the 164 patients was 50.6%. That of Group I was 55.4% and 45.7% in Group II. Excluding patients with almost fatal burns over 70% BSA or over 60 years of age, the former mortality is 33.3% and the latter is 21.3%. When a mortality rate was analyzed in patients with 50-70% BSA and aged less than 60 years in Group I, it was 65.0% and in Group II 36.8%. The main difference in the treatment between the two periods are as follows. Air fluidized beds were used in the latter period. As topical agents, silver sulfadiazine cream was administered in the former period, and silver sulfadiazine cream nitrate was administered in the latter period. Concerning debridement and skin graft, surgery was carried out 2-3 weeks after burn in the former period, while it started within one week in the latter period. In the latter period, active nutritional support and new generation of Cephem were used. These facts reveal that progress in various aspects of the treatments in the latter period have resulted in improvement of the mortality rate.

Adult↗