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Biomedical subjects

H Henrich

Publications and source records attributed to H Henrich.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

SPIO-MR imaging versus double-phase spiral CT in detecting malignant lesions of the liver.

PURPOSE: To assess the diagnostic performance of superparamagnetic iron oxide MR (SPIO-MR) imaging compared with double-phase spiral CT in detecting liver metastases and hepatocellular carcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-eight patients with a total of 144 malignant lesions of the liver were examined by CT and SPIO-MR. After definition of a gold standard by a panel of experts, the patient images were randomized and presented to a blinded jury of 5 independent observers whose task was to identify as many lesions as possible. The results were tested for statistical significance using multifactorial analysis of variance (alpha=5%). RESULTS: SPIO-MR produced the highest detection rate and was significantly superior (p<0.05) to unenhanced MR imaging and double spiral-phase contrast-enhanced CT (DPS-CECT). Maximum performance in DPS-CECT was obtained during the portal venous contrast phase but was significantly inferior to SPIO-MR imaging. The scores for unenhanced CT and unenhanced MR were significantly lower than for the corresponding enhanced procedures. SPIO-MR imaging produced a higher incidence of false-positive findings (n=39). CONCLUSION: SPIO-MR produced a significantly better detection rate for malignant focal liver lesions compared with double-phase spiral DPS-CECT but was associated with a higher rate of false-positive findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[MRI with supermagnetic iron particles versus double-spiral CT in identification of malignant liver lesions].

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of MRI with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) and double-spiral CT in the detection of liver metastases and hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS: 38 patients with a total of 144 malignant hepatic lesions underwent CT and MRI. A panel of experts defined the gold standard. Five experienced judges performed independently blinded evaluation of the number of detectable lesions. Multifactorial variance analysis was used to determine the statistical significance. RESULTS: SPIO-MRI shows the highest rate of detection and is significantly superior to native MRI and native CT. The highest rate of detection by CT is shown in the portal-venous phase of contrast; nevertheless, the rate is significantly inferior to SPIO-MRI. In general, the native phases of CT and MRI are significantly inferior to the contrast phases of both. SPIO-MRI shows a higher rate of false positive findings. CONCLUSION: The time-consuming and cost-intensive SPIO-MRI significantly increases the rate of detectability for malignant liver lesions compared with double-spiral CT but it also increases the rate of false positive findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[CT-controlled percutaneous drainage of intra-abdominal abscesses with basket catheters].

Today, CT-guided percutaneous drainage for intraabdominal abscesses of various origin and location is well accepted. With this method open surgery and its complications can be often avoided. We report results of such treatment in 47 patients with intraabdominal abscess formation. 66 "basket" catheters were placed into abscess formations of differing sizes and locations. 27 patients had developed abscess formation after surgery, in 2 patients abscesses after tumorembolisation were drained. In 18 cases there was no previous surgery. No complications occurred. Mean drainage time was 8.5 days. Surgical intervention was avoided in 34/47 patients. 9 of 47 patients received only percutaneous drainage. 25 of 47 patients required concomitant antibiotics for successful treatment. Antibiotics were selected according to bacterial culture with resistance determination. 13/47 cases required secondary surgery. About 80% of intraabdominal abscesses are curable with CT guided percutaneous drainage and systemic antibiotic medication. If a percutaneous drainage fails and signs of infection still remain, the procedure can be repeated. If secondary surgery after failing of percutaneous drainage should become necessary, the extent of the surgical intervention can be reduced. Surgery is necessary, if CT guided percutaneous drainage could not reach the abscess formation, if drainage failed or if an additional illness exists, which requires an operation.

Abdominal Abscess↗
PubMed1997

[Minimally invasive treatment of abscesses by CT-controlled drainage with a basket catheter system].

PURPOSE: To examine whether the percutaneous drainage of abscess formations by a new basket catheter system is usefull. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 58 patients with abscesses in different locations and origins have been treated by an interventional radiologic procedure. On the whole 77 basket-catheters were placed under CT-guidance into abscess formations of different size and localization. 36 patients developed an abscess after surgery, two patients achieved abscess drainage after embolisation of a tumor. In 20 patients the abscess was a complication of a septic infectious disease. RESULTS: Open surgery was avoided in 41/58 patients of these patients 9/41 received only percutaneous drainage and 32/41 patients suffering from illness were given antibiotic medication according to the resistogram in combination with percutaneous drainage. 17/58 patients required secondary surgery but with a lower risk because of the smaller abscess volume and the better clinical constitution after percutaneous drainage. CONCLUSIONS: A minimally invasive management of abscesses using a basket-catheter system is successful even in localisations deep inside the body and hard to reach. An irreversible catheter occlusion followed by the implantation of a new catheter system could be avoided in all patients.

Abdominal Abscess↗
PubMed1992

[Rheologic studies before and after therapeutic cytapheresis and plasma exchange treatment].

Changes in rheological properties of human blood before and after platelet pheresis were measured in patients with myeloproliferative diseases as well as in a control group of platelet donors. Although the subjective feeling of the patients during measurement did improve, a better rheological situation could not be demonstrated by the rheological parameters used. A reduction of platelets does not influence the viscosity of whole blood or of plasma. On the other hand, the viscosities of whole blood and plasma differed significantly before and after plasma-pheresis in patients with monoclonal gammopathies. The control group comprised patients without hyperviscosity syndrome and did not show any change in rheological parameters.

Blood Component Removal↗
PubMed1989

Role of pancreatic enzymes and their substrates in autodigestion of the pancreas. In vitro studies with isolated rat pancreatic acini.

Intrapancreatic activation of proteases is believed to play a major role in the pathogenesis of acute necrotizing pancreatitis. Several authors have questioned, however, the central role of trypsin in autodigestion of the pancreas. To clarify the direct effects of pancreatic enzymes and other related factors on acinar cells, we used the model of isolated pancreatic acini. Acini were prepared from male Wistar rats by collagenase digestion. Protein synthesis was measured by incubation of acini with [35S]methionine. Acini were resuspended thereafter in fresh buffer and further incubated for 30-90 min under various conditions [e.g., with pancreatic homogenates, ascites (from rats with pancreatitis induced by sodium taurocholate), pure pancreatic enzymes, and other factors]. The percentage of release of newly synthesized proteins into the culture medium was regarded as a biochemical parameter of cellular integrity. A morphologic score of cellular integrity was obtained via light microscopic evaluation of acini at the end of the various incubations by measuring the degree of cell lysis, loss of cell granules, ballooning, formation of vacuoles, and karyopyknosis. When normal [35S]methionine-labeled pancreatic acini were incubated with various factors, the percentage of release of labeled proteins into the medium was as follows: incubation with HEPES/Ringer's buffer, 1.8%; hemorrhagic pancreatic ascites, 3.8%; pancreatic homogenates, 2.0%; lipase, 1.8%; phospholipase A2, 3.0%; phospholipase A2 + lecithin, 3.2%; trypsin, 2.5%; 5% olive oil, 1.8%; ascites + olive oil, 78.3%; ascites + homogenized epididymal fat, 79.9%; lipase + olive oil, 32.0%; pancreatic homogenates + olive oil, 28.0%; diolein, 2.65%; and oleic acid, 62.9%. The cellular release of radiolabeled proteins showed an inverse correlation with cellular integrity as shown by light microscopy. We postulate that interstitial release of degradation products from triglycerides by lipase causes cellular disruption. Whereas phospholipase A2 and proteases do not seem to be very harmful in the early phases of cellular damage, lipase may play a major role in acute necrotizing pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

[Idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction].

The extremely rare case of an idiopathic chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction is pointed out here. This disease would manifest myomechanically by highly active, uncontrollable, non-propulsive contraction. It is caused by a collapse of smooth muscle control with cholinergic and beta adrenergic receptors being partially blocked, and by lacking reaction to substances which act on smooth muscles.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Microvascular permeability and blood flow in atrial homografts in the hamster cheek pouch.

Atrial heart tissue grafts from newborn golden hamsters were transplanted into cheek pouches and were studied using intravital microscopic techniques. The smallest microvessels in the homografts showed a mean diameter of 13.3 +/- 1.1 micron (mean +/- S.E.M.) thus being in the dimensional range of terminal arterioles of the fourth branching order (A4, 14.0 +/- 2.1 micron) in normal cheek pouch tissue. Arteriolar red cell velocity was measured using a modified dual slit method. Volumetric blood flow was calculated and seen to be similar in terminal cheek pouch arterioles (116 +/- 34 pl/s) and in the graft vessels (119 +/- 26 pl/s). The responsiveness to topically applied norepinephrine of the graft vessels was found to be significantly lower than in cheek pouch arterioles. Microvascular permeability studied with FITC-dextrans (intravenous application) revealed significantly higher intensity values in the homografts as compared with the surrounding cheek pouch tissue. The difference was most pronounced for the largest tracer molecules used (Mw 150 000). This phenomenon is most probably due to an increased macromolecular permeability of the microvessels in the graft. The present findings point towards functional differences between the transplant vessels and cheek pouch capillaries.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Morphological and functional aspects of heart homograft adaptation to hamster cheek pouch. Spontaneous pulsatile activity and ultrastructure.

Atrial homografts from newborn hamsters, transplanted into cheek pouches of adult Syrian golden hamsters, were studied using intravital and electron microscopy. Half of the transplants survived up to 1 year, performing spontaneous pulsatile activity. The transplants could be influenced by beta-receptor activating or blocking substances applied intravenously to the host animal. For morphological analysis homografts were taken 3, 6, and 12 months after transplantation. Irregular arrangement of the myofibers occurred, and the T system was seen to be replaced by plasmalemmal and sub-plasmalemmal vesiculations. There was some evidence for hypoxia in the grafts. Dedifferentiation of atrial cardiocytes, somehow resembling smooth muscle cells, is discussed. Despite these morphological changes the specific contractile function of the grafts was preserved.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Microcirculatory effects of nicotine and related alkaloids.

To determine the effects of nicotine alkaloids on the microcirculation of a variety of tissues, we infused equimolar concentrations (10(-4)-10(-1) M) of 1-nicotine (N), nor-nicotine (NN), dihydro-metanicotine (DHN) in the skeletal muscle, in a skin flap chamber, and in a saline-perfused mesentery preparation of the rat (WistHan). The qualitative and quantitative responses to these equimolar concentrations were measured by modern microcirculatory techniques. Our data showed that 1-nicotine and its alkaloids differ significantly in dose-dependency, maximal vasoactivity, tissue specificity, and microvascular localization. In conclusion, the small differences in the chemical structure of the pyridine ring which distinguishes the alkaloids cause significantly different microvascular effects.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1981

[Development and functional morphology of the Weibel-Palade-bodies in endothelial cells (author's transl)].

Our results presented indicate a transformation of multivesicular bodies from the Golgi-apparatus into Weibel-Palade-Bodies (WPB). A morphological series of different developmental phases of the WPB can be demonstrated by an increase of a certain intervesicular electron dense material. There is a striking coincidence with early developmental phases of myocardial Z-band material. The WPB are directly related to the microfilament system of the endothelial cells. The capillary endothelium of diseases and tumors of the human skin show a drastic reduction of the WPB-microfilament system towards the central parts of the tissue changes; this is accompanied with a simultaneous reduction of the pinocytotic activities. The endothelial cells are transformed into a conical shape with nearly an occlusion of the capillary lumen and an opening of the interendothelial junctions. This is interpreted as a loss of tone rather than a contraction of endothelial cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Ambulatory treatment of hypertension].

In an open study 30 hypertensive outpatients have been treated with Indapamide in a dosage of 2,5 mg daily in the morning for eight weeks. In the course of this treatment a highly significant decrease of blood pressure could be observed. The antihypertensive effect came up gently in the beginning. Indapamide has been well tolerated by all patients. The rate of adverse reactions was low. Syncopal episodes did not occur. The biochemical data monitored (fasting glucose level, creatinine, urea, potassium, sodium, calcium, chloride) did not show any significant deviation. According to the present data Indapamide may be used as basic medication in the treatment of genuine hypertension. The gentle effect in the beginning prevents syncopal episodes, however a sufficient period of treatment, at least eight weeks, is needed to assess the success of the therapy.

Administration, Oral↗