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Biomedical subjects

H Hiratsuka

Publications and source records attributed to H Hiratsuka.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Site-dependent development of complete and incomplete intestinal metaplasia types in the human stomach.

The topographical distribution of complete and incomplete types of intestinal metaplasia in human stomach samples was investigated in order to elucidate their mutual histogenetic relationship and significance in carcinogenesis. Subgross stereomicroscopic examination of alcian blue and hematoxylin-stained gastric mucosae allowed clear distinction of complete and incomplete intestinal metaplasia types as white (with or without purple hue) and purple foci, respectively, against the background magenta areas of non-intestinalized mucosa. Intestinal metaplasias which developed in the fundic area were predominantly of the complete type whereas those of the antrum were a mixture of both with a distinct predilection for expression of the incomplete type. Although there was some variation among foci regarding the hue of white or purple, the color feature was principally homogeneous within each individual intestinal metaplasia focus. Thus phenotypic analysis indicated intestinal metaplasia expression to be clearly influenced by intragastric topography. The study did not provide any evidence that a shift from incomplete to complete type intestinal metaplasia may occur with time or that the incomplete type may be more intimately associated with development of well-differentiated carcinomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Utility of SCG (screening colonography) and combined sigmoidoscopy-SCG in thorough physical checkups].

Given the increasing incidence of colon cancer in recent years, it is important to establish a diagnostic system for early detection and introduce it into clinical practice. A double contrast examination that uses a disposable tip and tube with an enema reservoir filled with 200 ml of 60 w/v% barium sulfate, known as SCG (screening colonography) was used in this study. In order to assess its utility SCG was performed on 1,554 patients, and 2,004 patients were examined by a within 24 hours combination of sigmoidoscopy and SCG by way of screening for colon cancer. Given the brief duration of SCG, which ranged from 10 to 13 min in most patients in the study, the efficiency of the examinations was considered to be rather high. Furthermore, the barium reached the cecum in as many as 98.7% of the patients. Overall, SCG proved to have an excellent diagnostic capability. Sigmoidoscopy-SCG, on the other hand, detected colon cancer in 114 patients (5.7%) and colon polyps in 658 patients (32.8%). The rates of detection of colon cancers and polyps were higher in the patients who tested positive in immunological fecal examinations for occult blood. Judging from our results, it may be said that for many patients receiving thorough physical checkups to screen for colon cancer, our system will provide for efficient screening whereby patients are first examined for fecal occult blood and those who test positive undergo sigmoidoscopy and SCG within the same day.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical and histological effects of preoperative chemotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue].

According to the effect of preoperative chemotherapy for tongue cancer, if the operation method is modified, the modality of treatment for tongue cancer will contribute to preserve the tongue in terms of function and aesthetics as well as improve the quality of life. A clinicopathologic study on 81 patients with tongue cancer was conducted to elucidate the relationship between clinical and histological effects of preoperative chemotherapy with a single agent and multiple-drug regimens, in order to determine the safe surgical margins in the resection of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Fifty patients were treated with bleomycin alone, sixteen with bleomycin and methotrexate and another fifteen with bleomycin, OK-432 and cisplatin. Multiple-drug regimens resulted in greater response rates than the single agent, but there was not always agreement in the relationship between the tumor regression rate and the histological effects of chemotherapy. The histological effects, including the residual aspects of the tumor cell population, were associated with the grade of histological malignancy according to the mode of tumor cell invasion, mitotic index of tumor cell, the tumor differentiation, the degree of stromal lymphocyte infiltration and cellular atypism. These data indicate that special consideration should be also given to the degree of histological malignancy for biopsied specimen, in addition to the tumor regression rate, in determining safe surgical margins and in the modality of treatment of tongue cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical analysis of 26 cases of multiple primary cancer].

Of 412 head and neck cancers in the Department of oral Surgery, Sapporo Medical College from 1976 to 1987, 26 cases (6.3%) were multiple primary cancers. One of these cases was triple cancer. The ages of these 26 cases ranged from 42 to 81 (average 61 year-old) with 20 males and 6 females (3.3:1). As to the interval between the first and second cancer, five cases (20%) were synchronous and twenty cases (80%) were metachronous in our series. Of the five synchronous, three were found by careful examination at the time of admission to our department. The stomach and head and neck cancers were frequently observed as the first cancer of metachronous cases. Second primary cancers occurred in the head and neck region were 64% and those in other regions were 36%. On the other hand, digestive cancer was predominant in the additional cancer to the index cancer (66.7%). These numbers emphasize that patients with head and neck cancers are in a cancer-prone group that develops digestive cancers. These findings have important implications in follow up policy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Secondary metastasis after excision of oral squamous cancer without local recurrence].

A secondary metastasis after surgery was uncovered in 12 out of 73 cases of oral squamous cancer. The clinical and histological characteristic tendencies of the metastasis of these 12 cases were the tongue as the tumor site (11/12), and an aggressive invasion in the tumor-host borderline with 2 of Gr, 3, 5 of Gr. 4C and 5 of Gr. 4D, according to the grading of Yamamoto and Kohama (1982). The control of these metastases was not easy because of their multiple and extra-nodal spread. Tumor-free survival occurred in 4 out of 11 (36.3%). Therefore, in some situations, a prophylactic neck dissection would seem to be recommended.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Immunohistochemical localization of laminin and its relation to the grade of histological malignancy in oral cancer].

The immunohistochemical localization of Laminin has been investigated with a monoclonal antibody in biopsy specimens from 27 patients with an invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. In normal mucosa, laminin was found distributed in a linear pattern in the epithelial-stromal junction, around the blood vessels, the nerve fibres, and the skeletal muscle bundles. In the cancerous tissues a variety in the linear staining around the cancer cell nests was seen. Extreme attenuation or complete loss of the linear staining of laminin was demonstrated in 8/27 specimens, and these tumors histologically showed a high grade of malignancy with H.E. staining.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1987

Acinic cell carcinoma of minor salivary gland origin.

We describe a case of acinic cell carcinoma of the right soft palate in a 65-year-old man. The primary symptom was a painless swelling of the palate, which was partially ulcerated with a granulomatous appearance. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells were mainly composed of differentiated acinuslike cells containing numerous round secretory granules identical to those in normal serous salivary glands. The tumor cells frequently contained numerous long crystalloid structures in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, tumor cells demonstrating degrees of squamous differentiation were present. These cells contained intracytoplasmic keratin filaments and a few keratohyaline granules. They formed a glandular acinar space in direct contact with the typical acinic cells with secretory granules. These observations suggest that acinic tumor cells have a degree of multipotentiality.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Discrepancies among CT, histological, and blood-brain barrier findings in early cerebral ischemia.

The development of ischemic edema and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption during the 1st day of experimental cerebral infarction induced by transorbital occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in cats was evaluated by computerized tomography (CT) scanning and compared to gravimetric and pathological studies. Regional cerebral blood flow was measured using the hydrogen clearance technique or stable xenon-enhanced CT scanning. Edema was observed gravimetrically and microscopically as early as 1 hour after the onset of ischemia in the cortex and at 3 hours or later in both the cortex and white matter. However, a significant decrease of Hounsfield numbers on the CT scans was not detectable at 1 or 3 hours and was scarcely visible at 9 hours after occlusion. Disruption of the BBB was detected by leakage of Evans blue dye at 3 hours after the occlusion in two of six animals and at 9 hours in five of five animals. However, CT scanning after infusion of contrast material showed no significant increase in Hounsfield number even 24 hours after MCA occlusion. These discrepancies should be emphasized when the dynamics of ischemic edema and BBB disruption are evaluated for clinical therapy by CT scanning.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

A simplified method of xenon-enhanced CT for regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measurement with reference to clinical experiences.

We introduced a simplified method of xenon-enhanced CT (SXe-CT) for obtaining the topographic regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) map. In the SXe-CT, we used the method of brief (three to four minutes) inhalation of 40% xenon. To shorten the period of xenon inhalation, we substituted a predetermined brain-blood partition coefficient (L) in the entire brain for the directly estimated L to calculate the rCBF value. Because of its non-invasiveness and simplicity, the SXe-CT can be applied to the patients with diseases in the central nervous system (CNS) without any difficulties. During the past three years, we performed the SXe-CT on 150 occasions in 100 subjects, including those with moyamoya disease, other ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, arteriovenous malformations and normal pressure hydrocephalus. In this paper, the rCBF values of seven normal healthy adults with a mean age of 24 years are reported and the flow maps of some cases of CNS diseases are presented. The normal mean value of the hemispheres was 53, those of the gray matter were in the range of 38 to 72, those of the white matter were in the range of 26 to 35 and those of the basal ganglia and thalamus were 55 to 88 (values are given in ml/100 g/min). The SXe-CT has potential advantages in obtaining clinically useful rCBF measurements.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[A mechanism of development and resolution of vasogenic brain edema].

To investigate the mechanism of development and resolution of vasogenic brain edema, authors have infused the mock CSF containing 35S-sodium thio-sulfate via a thin needle into the white matter of either normal cat's brain or into the edematous brain. The animals which were used in these experiments were divided into four groups (L20, L45, C20, C45). In the groups of animals subjected to a cold lesion (L20, L45), a small craniotomy was performed over the right frontal pole. A cold injury edema was produced 24 hours prior to the experiment. Na-Fluorescein (2 ml/kg) was given intravenously just prior to the cold lesion to later visualize the extent of the edema. For the positioning of the four needles in the brain, the coordinates were used according to the Horsley-Clark method and the atlas of Reinoso-Suarez. The location of tissue infusion (TIP) corresponds to a point approximately 3.0 mm before the frontal apex of the right lateral ventricle. The infused artificial CSF was mixed with 35S sodium-thiosulfate and stained with Evans Blue to check the extent of propagation of the infused solution. This solution was infused into the tissue at the point TIP with a rate of 0.20 ml/hr in groups C20 and L20 and 0.45 ml/hr in groups C45 and L45. Both lateral ventricles and cisterna magna were cannulated, and a ventriculo-cisternal perfusion with an artificial CSF was established through the right lateral ventricle with a perfusor. The perfusion rate was 2.25 ml/hr. The cisternal outflow was collected during every 15 min. for the activity and volume measurement. Tissue water content was determined by the drying method.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Topographic mapping of regional cerebral blood flow by xenon-enhanced CT--introducing a simplified method as a routine examination].

Measurement of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) has become a routine examinations in the field of clinical neurology and neurosurgery. Therefore, various methods for measuring rCBF have been developed. Among them, xenon-enhanced CT method has many advantages compared with others. An obtainable topographic flow map, high anatomical spatial resolution, and readily available instrument, namely CT scanner, are regarded as the advantages. On the one hand, anesthetic effects of xenon gas on the patients, taking a great expense for a single examination, and a significant dose of radiation delivered to the patients are thought to be the disadvantages. Due to the disadvantages, xenon-enhanced CT is regarded as an unpractical examination. In the paper, we introduce a method with a brief xenon inhalation, named a simplified method, with which the disadvantages can be avoided. Conventional xenon-enhanced CT requires 20 to 25 minute inhalation of xenon gas in order to achieve a saturation of xenon in the cerebral tissue for a calculation of the partition coefficients (L). In the simplified method, instead of using the calculated L, L was given as 1.0 in all the cerebral regions and xenon gas was terminated at 4 minute inhalation. Four minute inhalation of xenon gas did not make any significant anesthetic effects on the patients nor the changes of physiological parameters, such as, PaCO2 and blood pressure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Volume Determination↗
PubMed1984

Immunohistologic detection of lymphocyte subpopulations infiltrating in human oral cancer with special reference to its clinical significance.

Cancer tissues from 30 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity were examined immunohistopathologically as to the responsiveness of the host against its own cancer cells in both biopsy and surgically resected specimens from the same patients. Subpopulations of the infiltrating lymphocytes in cancer tissues were identified on paraffin-embedded serial sections by a modified indirect immunoperoxidase technique (PAB method) in which it was combined with peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) complex and avidin-biotin system with rabbit anti-human B-cell, peripheral T-cell sera. Macrophages were also identified by nonspecific acid esterase staining. T-cells were predominant over B-cells in 26 of 30 tissues in biopsy specimens and 23 of 30 in surgically resected specimens with bleomycin treatment. T-cell infiltration in the peripheral region of the tumor was more prominent than that in the stroma among the cancer nests. T-cells surrounded the cancer nests, occasionally accumulated around the cancer cells, infiltrated at the marginal part of the cancer nests, and frequently produced perivascular massive accumulations. B-cells and macrophages, on the other hand, were almost absent or negligible around cancer tissues. The grade of T-cell infiltration, especially in biopsied specimens, was correlated well to the size of the tumor, and also more marked significantly in patients without cervical lymph node metastasis than in those with lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between the grade of T-cell infiltration at the peripheral region of the invading cancer mass in initial biopsy specimens and the clinical tumor regression rates with bleomycin treatment, but it did not correlate to the surgically resected specimens. These facts suggest that T-cells might inhibit the development and spreading of the cancer cells, and that the T-cell infiltration correlates with the clinical course or prognosis of the oral cancer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Mode of invasion, bleomycin sensitivity, and clinical course in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.

Forty patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity were treated with bleomycin prior to undergoing surgery. The degree of the clinical effect of bleomycin and the postoperative clinical course of each case were estimated from the viewpoint of correlation with the mode of invasion. A strong correlation was found among the mode of invasion, bleomycin sensitivity, and clinical course. A slight effect of bleomycin and poor prognosis existed in the group with a diffuse invasion of mode of invasion, while the greatest effect of bleomycin and good clinical course were achieved in the group with a well-defined tumor-host borderline.

Adult↗