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Biomedical subjects

H Huismans

Publications and source records attributed to H Huismans.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Familial adenomatous polyposis from the ophthalmologic viewpoint].

Familial adenomatous polyposis is dominant autosomal heritable and pre-cancerous. Characteristic changes of ocular fundus, multiple and bilateral retinal dysplasias, permit diagnosis in presymptomatic stage, significant especially not at least for sporadic cases of polyposis recti and coli, which are 40 per-cent of all. Contrary to often wellknown risk-families this group can't be realized epidemiologically, but complications are the same.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed1992

[Study of blood flow velocity in the central retinal artery using pulsed Doppler sonography].

Using the method of pulsed-wave ultrasound-Doppler-Sonography (2 MHz-probe; sample volume 10 mm; variable invading depth by using a so-called "flow-pipe"; transmission range 10 mW/m2), the author demonstrates an objective, reproducible and exact clinical test to examine blood-circulation in central retinal artery. Because of the fact, that the angle of ultrasound is nearly zero-degrees to central retinal artery, accuracy of measurement flow velocity is nearly hundred percent. Method can be applied without problems by using intracranial Doppler-Sonography (ICD). It is less expensive than Duplex-Sonographie for instance.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1992

["Erroneous orthograde" direction of flow in the supratrochlear artery as a cause of Doppler ultrasound diagnostic error in severe (filiform; 90%) stenosis of the carotid bifurcation].

Author reports on mistake in Ultrasound-Doppler-Sonography by an neurologist. A 82-year-old women with leftside Amaurosis fugax was referred by her family doctor, internist. Neurological examination, above all Doppler-Sonography, results in "normal findings". Examination by author however detected filiforme stenosis of left internal carotid artery in spite of "orthograde" direction of blood-flow in final branches of ophthalmic artery. This perhaps was the cause of neurological misdiagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

A comparison of the nucleotide sequences of cognate NS2 genes of three different orbiviruses.

The genes encoding nonstructural protein NS2 of African horsesickness virus (AHSV) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) were cloned, sequenced, and compared to the NS2 gene of bluetongue virus (BTV). Nucleotide similarity ranged from 53 to 60%. The length of the proteins varied from 376 amino acids (EHDV) to 365 amino acids (AHSV). The N-terminal half of NS2 is more conserved (+/- 58% similarity) among the three orbiviruses, while the C-terminal half contains a 120 amino acid region of low similarity (18%). The variable region has a high content of alpha-helix conformation and a hydrophilic character. A short region of 9 amino acids contains 5 amino acids that are either similar or identical in single-stranded RNA binding proteins of BTV, EHDV, AHSV, reovirus and rotavirus.

African Horse Sickness Virus↗
PubMed1991

A comparison of different genomic probes in the detection of virus-specified RNA in Orbivirus-infected cells.

Different 32P-labelled genomic probes of bluetongue virus (BTV), epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) and equine encephalosis virus (EEV) were compared with respect to the detection of virus-specified RNA in infected cells. The probe derived from the genome segment that encodes nonstructural protein NS1 was found to be the most sensitive, detecting virus-specified RNA in glutaraldehyde-fixed cells as early as 2-3 h p.i. This comparison was based on the observation that the NS1 gene probe required a smaller number of infected cells to produce a positive hybridization signal than the other nucleic acid probes. The only exception was the EHDV NS2 gene probe which appeared to be as sensitive as the NS1 gene probe. The advantage of using the NS1 gene probe was particularly evident in the analysis of cells infected at very low multiplicities of infection. At a multiplicity of infection of 1 x 10(-5) plaque forming units/cell, virus-specified RNA could be detected 48 h after infection. The greater sensitivity of the NS1 gene-specific probe is ascribed to the fact that its target, the NS1 mRNA, is transcribed more frequently than the other target viral mRNAs. The major application of the cell-hybridization method is the rapid detection of small quantities of infectious virus particles.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

A characterization of the nonstructural protein from which the virus-specified tubules in epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus-infected cells are composed.

The complete nucleotide sequence of segment 6 of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus serotype 2 (Alberta) which encodes nonstructural protein NS1 was determined from a cDNA clone containing a full-length copy of the gene. The gene was found to be 1806 bp in length, constituted by one open reading frame of 1656 bp which is flanked by 5' and 3' noncoding regions of 32 and 118 bp, respectively. The conserved 5' and 3' terminal hexanucleotide sequences were identical to those of BTV-10. The 5' noncoding nucleotide sequences of cognate genome segments 4, 6 and 8 were found to be highly conserved in EHDV-2 and BTV-10. The 3' noncoding regions are less conserved but share common characteristics. The predicted EHDV-2 NS1 gene product, a 552 amino acid polypeptide, is predominantly hydrophobic and has a net charge of +5 at neutral pH. Comparison to its BTV-10 counterpart revealed a high degree of homology. Regions of high amino acid similarity were shown to correlate with hydrophobic domains on the proteins whilst regions of lower amino acid similarity corresponded with the hydrophilic domains. Thirteen conserved cysteine residues of which the majority occurred in hydrophobic regions with more than 80% amino acid similarity were identified.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Synthesis of the virus-specified tubules of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus using a baculovirus expression system.

The formation of virus-specific tubules is one of the most characteristic features in the orbivirus infection cycle, yet little is known about their role in virus replication. The tubuli are composed of a major nonstructural protein, NS1. We have investigated the expression of the NS1-encoding gene of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus serotype 2 (Alberta-strain) by producing a recombinant Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV). Prior to cloning in the baculovirus transfer vector, pAcYM1 and cotransfection with AcNPV DNA, the NS1 gene was tailored by means of a polymerase chain reaction method to remove G/C tails. The baculovirus recombinant, AcNPV-EHDV2 NS1, expressed large amounts of a 55 K protein which could be purified by sucrose gradient sedimentation as a tubular complex. It appeared that the tubules could break up into 50 nm diameter circular units, which in turn were composed of approximately 16 subunits. The circular units appeared to be hollow and stacked on top of one another (100 units/micron tubule length), giving the tubules a segmented, ladderlike appearance. A large excess of EHDV2-specific tubuli could also be demonstrated in AcNPV-EHDV2 NS1-infected Spodoptera frugiperda cells by electron microscopic examination of thin sections. With pulse-labelling experiments it was shown that, regardless of the level of NS1 expression, the majority of NS1 synthesized in a 30 min period could only be recovered in a particulate form.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Homonymous hemianopsia as an unusual leading symptom in chronic subdural hematoma].

Author reports on a 82-years old man with two chronic subdural hematomas after head-trauma 4 weeks ago: one above right cerebral hemisphere with light displacement of median line, light compression of side-ventricle, too. A second one fronto-temporal above left hemisphere, smaller than the other one. Defect of visual field was the only neuro-ophthalmologic sign.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Conspicuous change of refraction in endocrine orbitopathy].

Author reports on 2 women, 42 respectively 58 years old, with Graves' Ophthalmopathy. In both cases acute considerable change of refraction was noticed: progression of preexistent myopia. Author suggests edema and infiltration of lymphocytes and plasmacyts of ciliary-body, pathologic-anatomical substratum of the most changes of orbita in this disease, responsible for etiology.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Artificial compression of the superficial temporal artery by faulty eyeglasses (frame) position. A hemodynamically significant phenomenon].

Temporal superficial artery is clinically important, angiological primarily as collateral vessel in stenosis or obstruction of internal carotid vessel. Author describes artificial compression of both temporal superficial arteries by deficient spectacale-bows. There was relevant hemodynamic irritation of perfusion in dopplersonographic examination cranial of compressed vessel, which normalized after restitution. Supposing in case internal carotid artery was obstructed there would be a dangerous situation.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

A comparison of the genes which encode non-structural protein NS3 of different orbiviruses.

The segment 10 (S10) genes of African horsesickness virus (AHSV), Palyam virus and epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus were translated in vitro in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate system. Each of the S10 genes encoded two proteins NS3 and NS3A, which were shown to be related by peptide mapping. Cloned copies of the S10 genes of two AHSV serotypes (AHSV-3 and AHSV-9) and Palyam virus were sequenced and compared to each other and to the nucleotide sequence of bluetongue virus (BTV) gene S10. Two in-phase ATG translation initiation codons reported for the S10 genes of BTV-10 and BTV-1 were conserved in the S10 genes of AHSV-3, AHSV-9 and Palyam virus, and would be able to initiate synthesis of NS3 and NS3A respectively. Comparison of the amino acid sequences of NS3 of AHSV-3 and AHSV-9 identified two areas of approximately 45 amino acids which displayed high (98%) similarity. One of these areas corresponded to the only region which displayed more than 50% amino acid similarity between NS3 of BTV, AHSV and Palyam virus. This region could represent an important structural or catalytic site of the protein. The overall amino acid similarity outside this conserved region was between 13% and 29%.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

A comparison of different cloned genome segments of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus as serogroup-specific probes.

The eight largest double-stranded (ds) RNA genome segments of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) serotype 2 (Alberta strain) have been cloned. Of these, segments 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 are represented by clones that correspond in size to those predicted for full-length clones. The different clones were used as nucleic acid probes to study the nucleic acid homology of cognate genes of four different EHDV serotypes. The results indicated that the 4 isolates may be subdivided in two geographic groups which include Ibaraki virus as the sole member of one group and EHDV1 (New Jersey), EHDV2 (Alberta) and EHDV6 (XBM 67--isolated in South Africa) as a second. Genome segments 1, 3, 4, 6, and 8 were found to be highly conserved with more than 90% homology amongst cognate genes of three of the members of the EHDV serogroup. Of these, segments 1 and 3 showed the largest degree of homology with cognate genes of members of the BTV serogroup. Segment 6 and 8 probes of EHDV2 (Alberta) on the other hand did not hybridize with BTV dsRNA under conditions of moderate to low stringency and are recommended for use as EHDV group-specific probes.

Autoradiography↗
PubMed1990

[Dominant inheritance of pupillary pigment cysts. A follow-up study].

In 1969 Meyer described in this journal a family suffering from multiple congenital pigmented pupillary cysts with dominant mode of inheritance. The therapy--total iridectomy and photocoagulation of the cysts--resulted in only a temporary improvement in visual acuity. The cysts were between 1.5 and 5.0 mm in diameter. The present author recently examined a member of this family with severe contusion of the left eyeball. The trauma had evidently opened the residual embryonal ring sinus of the fetal iris system (von Szily). While the traumatic mydriasis persisted, the cysts did not refill.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Characterization and cloning of the African horsesickness virus genome.

The dsRNA profiles of all nine African horsesickness virus (AHSV) serotypes were compared by agarose gel electrophoresis and PAGE. The agarose profiles were identical, but a unique profile was obtained for each of the nine serotypes by PAGE. Nine of the 10 dsRNA genome segments of AHSV-3 were cloned and the clones were used in dot-spot and Northern blot hybridization experiments to determine intra- and inter-serogroup nucleic acid similarities. Segments 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 were highly conserved in the AHSV serogroup and no genetic relationship with any of the other orbiviruses was observed. Of these segments 3, 5 and 8 showed the largest degree of cross-hybridization to the cognate genes of all the serotypes. These clones did not cross-hybridize to other orbiviruses such as epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus, bluetongue virus or equine encephalosis virus and are therefore recommended for use as group-specific probes for the identification of the AHSV serogroup. Genome segments 6 and 10 showed an intermediate degree of conservation, whereas segment 2 is serotype-specific and therefore probably codes for the outer capsid protein VP2.

African Horse Sickness Virus↗
PubMed1989

The characterization of equine encephalosis virus and the development of genomic probes.

Equine encephalosis virus (EEV) is an orbivirus associated with a peracute illness of horses in southern Africa. The virus has now been partially purified for the first time and characterized on a molecular level. The virion is composed of 10 dsRNA segments and a protein capsid consisting of at least seven structural proteins that vary in Mr from 36,000 to 120,000. Partial clones of six of the dsRNA segments of EEV serotype Cascara were obtained and analysed for possible use as serotype-specific or group-specific probes in the detection of EEV dsRNA. Cloned fragments of genome segments 3, 8 and 10 were found to show high conservation of these segments, hybridizing to dsRNA from the six EEV serotypes under conditions that indicated more than 90% sequence homology. The genome segment 2-specific probe did not hybridize with dsRNA from any of the other EEV serotypes, suggesting that this segment encodes the serotype-specific antigen of EEV. Cross-hybridization of probes from genome segments 3 and 5 with dsRNA from bluetongue virus (BTV), epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) and African horse sickness virus (AHSV) indicated that EEV is more closely related to BTV and EHDV than to AHSV. Both probes can be used to distinguish between EEV and AHSV dsRNA.

African Horse Sickness↗