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Biomedical subjects

H I Bauer

Publications and source records attributed to H I Bauer.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier function and cholinesterase activity in cerebrospinal fluid in degenerative changes of the lumbar spine].

The objective of this study was to determine whether spinal compression associated with degenerative changes of the lumbar vertebral column induces significant alteration in defined cerebrospinal fluid parameters. Serum and lumbar cerebrospinal fluid were studied in 62 patients and 47 age-matched controls. Patients were grouped according to neurologic status, duration of symptoms, and findings in magnetic resonance imaging. Statistically significant elevations in cerebrospinal fluid/serum albumin ratio, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase activity, and total protein concentration were observed in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid of patients. Patients with neurologic deficits did not exhibit significant differences in cerebrospinal fluid parameters compared with patients lacking neurologic signs. No significant differences were detectable between lateral and medial compression. Acute disk herniation led to practically the same biochemical changes as chronic compression. Biochemical analysis of lumbar cerebrospinal fluid offers additional diagnostic information in patients suffering from back or leg pain associated with degenerative changes of the spine. Pathological damage to meningeal and neural tissues can be demonstrated even if neurologic signs or obvious spinal compression are missing in the radiological examination. An elevated cerebrospinal fluid/serum albumin ratio reflects alteration of the blood/cerebrospinal fluid barrier status. Increased acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activity point to pathophysiological impairment of neural tissues or meninges.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed2002

[Subungual chondroma, a case report].

Subungual chondroma is a rare occurrence of periosteal chondroma, which mainly affects short tubular bones of the hands and feet. Transformation towards malignancy has been described in a small number of cases; however histologic diagnosis can prove to be difficult, especially with regard to well differentiated chondrosarcoma. We report the case of a 14 year old girl with a one year history of subungual chondroma of the fourth toe with good clinical response to surgical removal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Effect of bupivacaine application on cholinesterase activities, total protein- and albumin concentration in serum and cerebrospinal fluid.

The rationale of this study was to determine whether Bupivacaine used for spinal anesthesia alters the specific secretory activity of nerve cells and/or the function of the blood/cerebrospinal fluid barrier. Four groups were assessed: (1) patients undergoing spinal anesthesia using Bupivacaine for lower limb surgery, (2) spinal Bupivacaine anesthesia without subsequent surgery, (3) local facet joint infiltration using Bupivacaine, and (4) general anesthesia for lower limb surgery without Bupivacaine application. Cholinesterase activities, total protein- and albumin concentrations in serum as well as in cerebrospinal fluid were significantly decreased after surgical intervention under spinal Bupivacaine anesthesia but remained unchanged following spinal Bupivacaine application without surgery. No significant correlation was found between Bupivacaine dosage and parameter alteration. There was no influence of intrathecal Bupivacaine application on the albumin ratio cerebrospinal fluid/serum, nor was there any significant alteration of total protein- or albumin concentrations and butyrylcholinesterase activity in the serum as a result of local injection of Bupivacaine to facet joints. These serum parameters were reduced after surgery under general anesthesia. Alterations of serum- and cerebrospinal fluid parameters investigated after surgery are not related to Bupivacaine application but to effects linked to operative treatment, i.e. suppressed secretory cell activity or protein depletion owing to blood loss. We conclude that the secretory function of cholinesterase-releasing nerve cells is not affected by spinal application of Bupivacaine. The blood/cerebrospinal fluid barrier remains intact.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Acetylcholinesterase assay for cerebrospinal fluid using bupivacaine to inhibit butyrylcholinesterase.

BACKGROUND: Most test systems for acetylcholinesterase activity (E.C.3.1.1.7.) are using toxic inhibitors (BW284c51 and iso-OMPA) to distinguish the enzyme from butyrylcholinesterase (E.C.3.1.1.8.) which occurs simultaneously in the cerebrospinal fluid. Applying Ellman's colorimetric method, we were looking for a non-toxic inhibitor to restrain butyrylcholinesterase activity. Based on results of previous in vitro studies bupivacaine emerged to be a suitable inhibitor. RESULTS: Pharmacokinetic investigations with purified cholinesterases have shown maximum inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase activity and minimal interference with acetylcholinesterase activity at bupivacaine final concentrations between 0.1 and 0.5 mmol/l. Based on detailed analysis of pharmacokinetic data we developed three equations representing enzyme inhibition at bupivacaine concentrations of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 mmol/l. These equations allow us to calculate the acetylcholinesterase activity in solutions containing both cholinesterases utilizing the extinction differences measured spectrophotometrically in samples with and without bupivacaine. The accuracy of the bupivacaine-inhibition test could be confirmed by investigations on solutions of both purified cholinesterases and on samples of human cerebrospinal fluid. If butyrylcholinesterase activity has to be assessed simultaneously an independent test using butyrylthiocholine iodide as substrate (final concentration 5 mmol/l) has to be conducted. CONCLUSIONS: The bupivacaine-inhibition test is a reliable method using spectrophotometrical techniques to measure acetylcholinesterase activity in cerebrospinal fluid. It avoids the use of toxic inhibitors for differentiation of acetylcholinesterase from butyrylcholinesterase in fluids containing both enzymes. Our investigations suggest that bupivacaine concentrations of 0.1, 0.2 or 0.5 mmol/l can be applied with the same effect using 1 mmol/l acetylthiocholine iodide as substrate.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed2001

[Circumscribed hypertrichosis lanuginosa in acute myeloid leukemia].

HISTORY AND CLINICAL FINDINGS: The case of a 70 year old male is presented. Past medical history revealed the following diagnoses: liver cirrhosis, splenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, macrocytic anaemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, type IIa diabetes mellitus and peripheral vascular disease of the lower limbs with chronic leg ulcers. Within 6 weeks the patient developed an increasing number of pigmented lanugo type hair over both cheeks, zygomatic arches and temples. The diagnosis of circumscribed acquired hypertrichosis lanuginosa (AHL) was established. Bone marrow biopsy revealed presence of acute myeloid leukemia. THERAPY AND CLINICAL COURSE: Chemotherapy with hydroxycarbamide (Syrea) was started without effect on haematologic parameters. The patient was transferred to the oncology unit where he died soon afterwards. CONCLUSION: Acquired hypertrichosis lanuginosa (AHL) is a paraneoplastic syndrome. It is mainly associated with adenocarcinoma of lung and bowel, however other histologic types of tumours and localisations have been described. About 50 cases have been reported in the literature until 1998. To our knowledge this is the first case of AHL described in association with acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

Butyrylcholinesterase in lumbar and ventricular cerebrospinal fluid.

OBJECTIVES: This study establishes reference data for human lumbar CSF butyrylcholinesterase (E.C.3.1.1.8.) activity and investigates the enzyme activity in ventricular CSF. We comment on the relationship between CSF butyrylcholinesterase activity and other laboratory parameters. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We investigated 64 lumbar CSF samples obtained from a clinically healthy population and 169 ventricular CSF samples collected from 90 neurosurgical patients. RESULTS: The reference range we recommend for lumbar CSF butyrylcholinesterase activity is 5.4 to 17.0 nmol/min x ml. The majority of ventricular butyrylcholinesterase activities in our patient subset ranged up to 5 nmol/min x ml. CONCLUSIONS: We established the relative influence of serum and CNS components on total CSF butyrylcholinesterase activity. The CNS fraction predominates the total butyrylcholinesterase activity in normal lumbar CSF. In ventricular CSF enzyme influx from serum outweighs the CNS component.

Adolescent↗