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Biomedical subjects

H Ikeuchi

Publications and source records attributed to H Ikeuchi.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Gastric volvulus complicating myotonic dystrophy.

Myotonic dystrophy is an autosomal inherited disorder of both striated and smooth muscle, and is considered to be a rare cause of gastrointestinal dilatation and abnormal peristalsis. We report on a patient with myotonic dystrophy complicated by gastric volvulus. A 57-year-old female with myotonic dystrophy suddenly developed abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. X-ray examinations revealed gastric dilatation and pyloroantral obstruction, consistent with acute gastric volvulus. The patient underwent successful emergency gastrectomy. Gastric volvulus is often an unrecognized surgical emergency, but its clinical and radiographic features are so characteristic that accurate diagnosis is possible if the condition is kept in mind. Thus, the clinician should consider the possibility of gastric volvulus when evaluating gastrointestinal complaints in patients with myotonic dystrophy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

The effects of platelet-activating factor (PAF) and a PAF antagonist (CV-3988) on smoke inhalation injury in an ovine model.

The role of platelet-activating factor (PAF) in inhalation injury was studied in sheep, using CV-3988, a PAF antagonist. Following smoke exposure, 15 sheep were divided into three groups of five. Group I animals were untreated; group II animals were treated with CV-3988 before and after exposure; group III animals were treated only after exposure. In group I, platelet and WBC counts were markedly changed within 6 hours (p less than 0.05); in the treated groups, alteration of cell counts was not obvious. Blood malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were increased significantly only in group I. Blood PGE2 and TXB2 levels did not differ among the groups. Mean tissue MDA and mean bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) MDA concentrations were significantly increased in group I (p less than 0.01); mean BALF TXB2 levels were significantly decreased in group I (p less than 0.01). These data suggest that PAF affects inhalation injury through modulation of lipid oxygenation and that PAF antagonists may offer therapeutic benefit in the management of this injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Smoke inhalation injury and the effect of carbon monoxide in the sheep model.

The role of carbon monoxide (CO) in causing the physiologic and anatomic changes characteristic of smoke inhalation injury was evaluated in 34 sheep. The smoke-exposed group received a dose of smoke known to produce mild inhalation injury. The CO group received a pure gas mixture that contained concentrations of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and CO similar to those in the smoke. Cardiopulmonary function was measured immediately after exposure, and 24 and 72 hours after exposure. The CO group showed a transient increase in cardiac output, but the smoke group showed no such response. The CO group maintained normal PaO2 levels during the 72-hour study period; the smoke group gradually developed hypoxemia. The lungs of the CO exposed animals had no discernible histologic changes; lungs of the smoke group showed progressive inflammatory changes. These results indicate that CO per se is not the primary etiologic agent of smoke inhalation injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation and management of patients with inhalation injury.

Inhalation injury, present in approximately one third of burned patients treated at burn centers, increases mortality by a maximum of 20% in relation to age and extent of burn. The development of animal models of inhalation injury has made possible the identification of both the airway and vascular responses evoked by smoke inhalation. Inflammatory occlusion of terminal bronchioles and necrosis of the endobronchial mucosa render the airway and pulmonary parenchyma susceptible to infection and the resulting pneumonitis further increases mortality. Early diagnosis, best achieved by endoscopic bronchoscopy and 133xeon ventilation perfusion scan, permits timely application of high-frequency ventilation that appears to reduce the incidence of pneumonia and to decrease mortality. Pharmacologic agents give promise of ameliorating the deleterious changes of the vasculature. The recent advances in understanding inhalation injury have identified the research needed to further improve patient salvage.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Usefulness of valproate sodium for treatment of incontinence after ileoanal anastomosis.

We report on the excitatory effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid, which increased after the oral administration of valproate sodium, on anal canal resting pressure in human beings, gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors. We used this drug in order to improve continence after ileoanal anastomosis. Seventeen patients (eight with ulcerative colitis and nine with adenomatosis coli) were tested after receiving ileoanal anastomosis. The placebo showed no effect, but valproate sodium could ameliorate frequent defecation and soiling and the resulting perianal skin complications. Increasing anal resting pressure was also observed during valproate sodium administration without the amplitude, frequency of peristaltic wave, or voluntary squeeze pressure being affected. These results suggest that the subchronic administration of valproate sodium may be useful in the treatment of minor incontinence after ileoanal anastomosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[An evaluation of MR imaging of soft-tissue masses in extremities].

We evaluated 22 soft-tissue masses in the extremities using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The twenty-two cases consist of 14 benign lesions and 8 malignant lesions. MR imaging is available to provide the representation of the extent of the masses, though characteristic diagnosis of them could not be identified. We think that there are more advantages to using MR imaging rather than computed tomography (CT) in the evaluation of soft-tissue masses in extremities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Two XX male brothers.

Two brothers with XX male syndrome with penoscrotal hypospadias are reported. Chromosomal analysis of cells from the peripheral blood, skin, and testes revealed a normal female karyotype in both subjects. Biopsy of both testes in the brothers showed histological features of normal immature testes and no evidence of ovarian structures. Neither vagina, uterus nor fallopian tubes could be detected either by exploratory laparotomy or retrograde urethrography. Results of endocrine studies on serum gonadotropins (LH and FSH) and testosterone levels as well as their responses to LH-RH and hCG stimulation tests were normal for age. Studies of various genetic markers, including the Xg blood type and erythrocyte enzymes, were performed in the probands and their parents. Possible explanations for the paradoxical occurrence of testes in XX males and for the familial occurrence are discussed.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1979

Meniscus surgery using the Watanabe arthroscope.

1. The present uses for arthroscopic meniscus surgery are explained. 2. Postoperative care is facilitated by arthroscopic meniscus surgery. However, improvement in surgical instruments and manipulation is necessary in order to complete the surgery in a short time and to make it easy to perform. 3. Total meniscectomy is especially useful in the Japanese because the discoid meniscus was observed in 16.6 per cent in my arthroscopic study. The incidence is considerably higher than that in foreigners. The procedure for arthroscopic total meniscectomy must be improved. 4. The three puncture method is useful. 5. Partial meniscectomy yields excellent results, but there are pitfalls to watch for. 6. A case of combined surgery with partial meniscectomy and meniscorisis is presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Fine morphology of the secretory mode of the tetragastrin-stimulated chief cells of human and dog gastric mucosa.

The chief cells of the gastrin-stimulated gastric mucosa of human and dog were observed under a light and electron microscope. Four microgram/kg AOC-tetragastrin were given parenterally by a single shot to a man and three dogs respectively. Pepsinogen in the gastric mucosa increased at the wash-out stage and at the following dynamic equibrium stage of the chief cell secretion cycle after the administration of AOC-tetragastrin. During those stages, the chief cells released zymogen granules intensively. As the main ultrastructural process for releasing the zymogen granules, the emiocytosis in man and the apical cytoplasm dissociation in dog were discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Surgical treatment and adjuvant chemotherapy of gastric cancer on the basis of pathological findings.

Gastrectomy was performed in 626 outo 692 operated cases of gastric cancer. Histologic examination of the resected specimens revealed that the cancer was confined to the mucosal (m) or submucosal layer (sm) in 256 cases, advanced to the muscularis propria (pm) or subserosal layer (ss) in 110, and to the serosa (se) or the surrounding organs (si, sei) in 260. 238 (93%) of m and sm cases were free from lymphnode metastasis. Lymphnode metastasis was noted in 51 (46%) of pm and ss cases, 177 (77%) were positive in lymphnode metastasis and 108 (47%) showed metastasis in n2 and n3 degree. Adjuvant chemotherapy fairly improved the psotoperative survival rate of the advanced cases with lymphnode metastasis, serosal involvement, or lymph and blood vessel involement of gastric cancer.

Adult↗