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Biomedical subjects

H Imagawa

Publications and source records attributed to H Imagawa.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

The complete sequences of African horsesickness virus serotype 4 (vaccine strain) RNA segment 2 and 6 which encode outer capsid protein.

The complete sequences of RNA segment 2 and segment 6 of African horsesickness virus serotype 4 (AHSV-4) vaccine strain were determined from cDNA clones inserted into pBR 322. The RNAs of segment 2 and 6 are 3229, 1566 bp long respectively and both contain an open reading frame encoding proteins VP2 and VP5 of 1060, 505 amino acid residues. The estimated molecular weight of VP2 was 124,178 dalton and that of VP5 was 56,793 dalton. Their noncoding end sequences were 5'GTTTAA . . . and . . . ACATAC3' (segment 2), 5'GTTTAT . . . and . . . ACTTAC3' (segment 6). They were different from orbivirus characteristic terminal sequences, which were 5'GTTAAA . . . and . . . ACTTAC3'. The comparison of both sequences of AHSV-4 segment 2 and 6 with those of segment 2 and 5 of bluetongue virus (BTV) serotype 10 revealed 53% nucleotide similarity and 23% amino acid similarity (segment 2), and 58% nucleotide similarity and 46% amino acid similarity (segment 6). In the same way, the comparison of both sequences of the vaccine strain with those of the virulent strain segment 2 and segment 6 of AHSV-4 revealed 91% nucleotide and 96% amino acid similarity (segment 2), and 98% nucleotide and 98% amino acid similarity (segment 6).

African Horse Sickness Virus↗
PubMed1994

[Surgical treatment of descending thoracic aortic aneurysm with simple aortic cross-clamping versus left heart bypass using centrifugal pump].

Surgical treatment has been employed in 52 patients (pts) with descending thoracic aortic aneurysm (DS-TAA). Based on the adjuncts during aneurysmal repair, the series is divided into 2 groups; simple aortic cross-clamping was utilized to manage the lesion in group SC (n = 42), while left heart bypass using a centrifugal pump was employed during the period of aortic occlusion in LHB group (n = 10). Of these 52 pts, 4 died in hospital (group SC:2, group LHB:2). The most common complication was the respiratory failure following the renal failure. No paraplegia occurred in both groups. Biochemistric measurements of alanine aminotransferase, creatinine (CRN) and amylase (AMY) showed no difference between group SC and group LHB. In pts of SC group with normal renal function, post-operative maximum (post Max) CRN during the first month had a logarithmic correlation with total aortic cross-clamp time (TAXT). The post Max CRN of LHB group with normal renal function remained less than 3.0 mg/dl even in the case with TAXT over 60 minutes. There is also a linear correlation of post Max AMY in pts of SC group. Late survival at 4 years, including hospital death, were 83% in SC group and 63% in LHB group. We conclude that DS-TAA cases with TAXT of less than 30 min with good distal organ function can be managed with simple aortic cross-clamping; otherwise usage of LHB was recommended to support distal circulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Electropherotypes, serotypes, and subgroups of equine rotaviruses isolated in Japan.

Electropherotypes (ET), serotypes, and subgroups of equine rotaviruses isolated from foals in Japan were determined. The ETs of 136 isolates from 1981 through to 1991 were divided into six groups: ET-A-ET-F. The ET-A, -B, -C, -D, -E, and -F were present in 3, 1, 121, 9, 1, and 1 strains, respectively. Representative viruses of ET-A, -B, -C, and -D were identified as serotype G3. Viruses of ET-E and -F were identified as serotypes G 10 and G 5, respectively. The four representative viruses of serotype G 3 did not belong to either subgroup I or II. The two viruses of serotypes G 5 and G 10 belonged to subgroup I. Serotype G 3 strains possessing ET-C were prevalent among the foals throughout the study period.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Complement-dependent serum neutralization with virulent and avirulent Bucyrus strains of equine arteritis virus.

Virulent and avirulent strains of Bucyrus equine arteritis virus (EAV) were used to raise antiserum in horses. Serum neutralization (SN) tests were performed with and without the addition of guinea pig complement. The inclusion of ten percent guinea pig serum in the virus suspension was sufficient for optimal enhancement of SN titres at any immune stages after immunization. Immune serum prepared against avirulent virus reacted only with homologous virus and there was no complement enhancement. Immune sera raised against live or inactivated virulent virus neutralized both virulent and avirulent virus. The reaction with virulent virus demonstrated complement enhancement. There was also moderate potentiation in the presence of complement when serum raised against inactivated virulent virus reacted with avirulent virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Evaluation of left ventricular function utilizing transesophageal echocardiography during and after thoracic aortic aneurysm repair.

This study was designed to evaluate left ventricular (LV) function during aortic cross-clamping (ACC) by comparing left heart bypass (LHB) with a centrifugal pump and simple aortic cross-clamping (SC). The end-diastolic volume index (EDVI), ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS) and end-systolic meridional stress (ESS) were measured by transesophageal echocardiography. The measurements were performed 1) before ACC, 2) 2 min after ACC, 3) 20 min after ACC, 4) 2 min after unclamping and 5) 1 h after unclamping. With cross-clamping, a significant decrease was observed in both EDVI (108 vs 83 ml/m2) and EF (73 vs 67%) in patients with LHB. Patients utilizing SC showed a sustained increase in ESS (43 vs 64 10(3) dyne/cm2). The systolic blood pressure did not vary during LHB, but a transient increase occurred in patients with SC. With release of the cross-clamping, EDV and EF returned to the baseline values in patients with LHB. A significant decrease occurred in EDVI (101 vs 71 ml/m2) and ESS (61 vs 36 10(3) dyne/cm2) in the SC group. We conclude that circulatory support with LHB may offer greater stability of the LV function during thoracic aortic cross-clamping than SC because of the lower preload and afterload.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Epizootiological aspects of type 1 and type 4 equine herpesvirus infections among horse populations.

The dissemination of equine herpesvirus types 1 (EHV-1) and 4 (EHV-4) among various horse populations in Japan was investigated through the isolation and typing of virus strains from horses with respiratory diseases. Type specific monoclonal antibody pools were used for the typing of isolates. The 42 strains of EHV-1 and 64 strains of EHV-4 were isolated from 4593 nasal swabs and/or blood plasma samples collected from 3326 horses during a period from 1979 to 1990. All the strains of EHV-1 were isolated from racehorses only and during the winter season exclusively, when the epizootic of respiratory diseases occurred among racehorse populations at two Training Centers of the Japan Racing Association. In contrast, the strains of EHV-4 were isolated from horses irrespective of the season, facility, or horse population; foals and yearlings in breeding farms and our institute, rearing horses in rearing farms, and racehorses. Especially, 4 strains of EHV-4 were isolated from plasma samples containing buffy coat cells. We believe this is the first reported case of EHV-4 cell-associated viremia in the world. All 87 strains isolated from aborted fetuses were identified as EHV-1. The results suggest that EHV-1 is responsible for epizootic respiratory diseases in racehorses in the winter and abortion among mares at the late stage of gestation, and that EHV-4 causes respiratory diseases throughout the year among all horse populations.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1992

[Comparison of long-term patency rates of transluminal angioplasty and bypass grafting].

We have applied transluminal angioplasty (TAP) and bypass grafting (BG) to the lower-limb ischemia for ten years since 1982. We have treated 176 cases (194 limbs) by TAP and 250 cases (323 limbs) by BG. The TAP treated group was divided into two groups. The first was classified as a stenotic artery group (TAPs) and the other was as an obstructive artery group (TAPs). BG was also divided into two groups, the first belonged to a ringed graft (RPTFE) while the other was a bypass with a saphenous vein (BG sv). The registered patent rates for TAP and TAPs are 61.2%, 75.1% recorded after 5 years and 51.4%, 57.0% after 7 years, respectively. The patent registry rates for BG and RPTFE are evaluated as being 64.2%, 82%, after 5 years and 48.2%, 82% after 7 years, respectively. The results showed that the patent registry rate for BG is significantly better than that of the TAP but the results indicate similarities between TAPs and RPTFE. As a conclusion, we recommend the use of TAP for the stenotic lesion of the artery and RPTFE for obstructive lesion of arteries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Effect of viral inoculum size on appearance of clinical signs in equine Getah virus infection.

A study was performed to examine the effect of viral inoculum size on the appearance of clinical signs in equine Getah virus (GV) infection by intramuscular inoculation with 10(1.3) to 10(6.3) TCID50 of the MI-110 strain in 6 experimental horses. When inoculated with more than 10(3.3) TCID50 of the virus, every horse developed pyrexia, edema in the hind legs, serous nasal discharge, lymphopenia and viremia in the relatively early stage of disease. On the other hand, enlargement of the submandibular lymph node was observed only in horses inoculated with 10(5.3) and 10(6.3) TCID50 of the virus, while typical eruptions were developed in every horse inoculated with 10(4.3) TCID50 or less. These results demonstrated that the appearance of clinical signs in equine GV infection was dependent on viral inoculum size. Besides, it was assumed to be rare chance that eruptions and enlargement of the submandibular lymph node were developed simultaneously in a horse.

Alphavirus↗
PubMed1991

Intranasal infection of Getah virus in experimental horses.

Aerosol transmission in equine Getah virus (GV) infection was examined by intranasal inoculation with 10(3.0) to 10(7.0) TCID50 of the MI-110 strain in 7 experimental horses. The establishment of intranasal infection of GV was confirmed in all these horses by detecting serum neutralizing antibody against the MI-110 strain. Horses inoculated with more than 10(4.0) TCID50 of the virus manifested mild pyrexia, eruptions, serous nasal discharge, lymphopenia or monocytosis. Viremia ranging from 10(1.0) to 10(3.5) TCID50/0.2 ml occurred in horses inoculated with 10(5.0) TCID50, or more. Virus recovery from the nasal cavity was observed only in horses inoculated with 10(7.0) TCID50, and the viral titers recorded were 10(3.0) TICD50/ml or less. From these results, it is assumed that GV disseminated from the nasal cavity of naturally infected horses, except for intranasal infection with a lot of the virus, is probably very low in titer. So it seems to be rare that GV in natural cycles is spread from horse to horse by aerosol transmission.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1991

[Biventricular assist support using centrifugal pump in cardiogenic shock following coronary bypass grafting--a case report of long survival].

Biventricular assist support (BVAS) with centrifugal pump was used for the treatment of 48 y/o male patient with cardiogenic shock following coronary bypass surgery. Assist flow was 2 to 4 l/min in LVAS and 2 to 3 l/min in RVAS. RVAS was weaned in the fourth postoperative day and LVAS in the sixth. Cerebral infarction developed in the weaning period of LVAS. Post operative examination revealed good right and left ventricular function. Patient was well and returned to full work in a two years and two months after surgery. BVAS may be useful for the treatment of severe biventricular failure associated with stunned myocardium.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Assessment of left ventricular contractile characteristics following coronary artery bypass grafting].

The present study was designed to assess a left ventricular function, particularly contractile characteristics following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The subject was 29 post-CABG patient consisting of 4 groups; 6 patients with complete revascularization (CR) and no myocardial infarction (MI) (CR.MI(-) group), with CR and MI (CR.MI(+) group), 5 with incomplete revascularization (IR) and no MI (IR.MI(-) group) and 8 with IR and MI (IR.MI(+) group). Ejection fraction (EF), systolic pressure/end-systolic volume index (SP/ESVI) and end-systolic volume index (EDVI) were evaluated utilizing radionuclide angiography at rest and during exercise (Ex). Increase of SP/ESVI and EF and no change of EDVI during Ex were observed in CR.MI(-) group. Increase of SP/ESVI and no change of EF and EDVI in CR.MI(+) group, no change of SP/ESVI, EF and EDVI in IR.MI(-) group and no change of SP/ESVI and EDVI and decrease of EF in IR.MI(+) group were observed. The SP/ESVI and EF of CR.MI(-) group were respectively highest among 4 groups and showed no difference compared with control group during Ex. Ex-induced increase ratio of SP/ESVI had linear correlations with Ex-induced increment of EF (r = 0.81, p less than 0.001) and Ex-induced increase ratio of EFVI (r = 0.54, p less than 0.005). It is concluded that both CR and no MI lead to normalization of EF and SP/ESVI during Ex. Furthermore, in the case of poor contractile reserve, systolic function may deteriorate in spite of increased preload during Ex.

Coronary Artery Bypass↗
PubMed1990

Evidence for two kinds of serotoninergic fibers in the ventral horn of spinal cord of the newly hatched chick.

We observed two types of serotonin-positive (5-HT) fibers in the ventral horn of the lumbar spinal cord of the newly hatched chicken: the first was composed of fine 5-HT fibers, which were increased transiently in the neuropil at 1 week after hatching (transient type); the second type consisted of thick fibers, which were densely localized around motoneuron somata in the motoneuron pools innervating extensor muscles of the hip joint (adult type). Pharmacological perturbation experiments demonstrated that these two types of 5-HT fibers may have different functions: the adult type of fibers may act to maintain an erect standing posture, whereas the transient type may act to induce or facilitate dendrogenesis (or dendritic elongation) of motoneurons. Thus, we concluded that 5-HT fibers may modulate neuronal transmission and serve as a kind of inductive agent for dendritic development in the chick spinal cord.

5,6-Dihydroxytryptamine↗