PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Inaba

Publications and source records attributed to H Inaba.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Low-level chemiluminescence and life span of Drosophila melanogaster.

Spontaneous photon emission (chemiluminescence, CL) as a monitor of free radical evolution in Drosophila melanogaster which had been maintained at 25 or 30 degrees C for 5 days after emergence was measured. When maintained at 30 degrees C the fly CL intensity was stronger than at 25 degrees C. Under the condition of the higher temperature, the fly life span was shorter (mean life span = 29 days at 30 degrees C and 63 days at 25 degrees C), and oxygen consumption (3.7 microliters/mg.h at 25 degrees C, 4.9 microliters/mg.h at 30 degrees C) and the mobility (movement distance = 25 mm/min at 25 degrees C, 700 mm/min at 30 degrees C) increased, together with augmentation of phospholipid hydroperoxide in the fly total lipids. The CL spontaneously emitted from fly homogenate was decreased by the free radical scavengers both in experiments in vivo and in vitro. The hypothesis is proposed that as the oxygen metabolism grows active, the chemiluminescent reactions that involve oxygen-dependent free radical metabolism, including membrane phospholipid hydroperoxidation, contribute to the acceleration of senescence of fly bodies.

Aging↗
PubMed1992

Phosphoinositide hydrolysis and calcium mobilization induced by vasopressin and angiotensin II in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells.

The cellular action of vasoconstrictive hormones, angiotensin II (AII) and Arg8-vasopressin (AVP), on vascular smooth muscle (VSM) in cultured VSM cells from rat mesenteric artery was studied. Both AII and AVP specifically induce a transient increases in cytosolic free calcium independent of extracellular calcium or calcium channels activated by high potassium depolarization in VSM cells loaded with Fura-2. Vasoconstrictive hormones induce a dose-dependency with formation of inositolphosphates. Analysis using high pressure liquid chromatography has shown that AVP stimulates rapid and transient increases in inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate within 1 minute. Moreover, a laser-excitation fluorescence system reveals high calcium concentration sites in subsarcolemmal region. These results indicate that, unlike voltage-dependent calcium influx across the cell membrane, AII and AVP induce receptor-mediated increases in cytosolic free calcium via phosphoinositide hydrolysis creating an intracellular messenger for calcium release from intracellular calcium stores.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1992

Flow cytometric DNA analysis of lung cancer cell lines.

Tumor DNA content (ploidy) was analyzed by use of flow cytometry (FCM) in 17 lung cancer cell lines which were subcultured in our laboratory. The study included 6 adenocarcinomas, 2 squamous cell carcinomas, 1 adenosquamous cell carcinoma, 5 large cell carcinomas, and 3 small cell carcinomas. Of the 17 lung carcinoma cell lines, 15 revealed aneuploid patterns with DNA index above 1.1, whereas one had diploid. The mean DNA index (DI) in adenocarcinoma, was 1.34 +/- 0.09, DI 1.6, in squamous cell carcinoma, DI 1.0 in adenosquamous cell carcinoma, DI 1.70 +/- 0.66 in large cell carcinoma, and DI 1.29 in small cell carcinoma. Of the 17 cell lines, three lines showed multiploid patterns with clinically poor prognosis and indicated heterogeneity. Flow cytometric DNA analysis using lung cancer cell lines could provide further basic study of lung cancer cells and give a useful information on the degree of the malignancy clinically.

DNA, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1992

[[A dynamic model for populations reproduced by first marriage]].

Using data for Japan, the author analyzes "the effect of nuptiality and of marital fertility [on population trends and constructs] a population model in which childbearing occurs only within first marriage....First, we can prove that...we can construct a stable population theory based on nuptiality and marital fertility....Next..., we investigate the effect of [the age shift in first marriage patterns on total fertility rates], since delay of marriage has been thought to be one of [the] major causes for long-term fertility decline in Japan. We conclude that although [the age shift in first marriage patterns] could decrease Japanese fertility, its effect seems to be insufficient to induce such rapid fertility decline as is observed recently in Japan." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

Hydroxyl radical-induced characteristic chemiluminescent spectra from plasma of hemodialysis patients.

Plasma from hemodialysis patients evoked weak photon emissions (chemiluminescence) in a characteristic emission spectrum with a peak at 430 nm, attributed to attack by hydroxyl radicals generated from the iron-catalyzed breakdown of hydrogen peroxide (Fenton reaction), whereas plasma from normal healthy subjects showed a rather weak red chemiluminescence peak at around 680 nm, similar to that resulting from attack by hydroxyl radicals. However, the addition of hydrogen peroxide in the absence of divalent irons induced almost the same red chemiluminescent emission spectrum in both plasmas. The HPLC-gel-filtration chromatography carried out with both plasmas revealed that a primary emitter evoking a peak emission at 430 nm was located in the fraction of lower-molecular-mass substances in fractionated plasma from hemodialysis patients. In contrast, the elution peaks evoking red chemiluminescence with the addition of hydrogen peroxide were mainly observed for the higher-molecular-mass fraction, as determined by gel chromatography of both plasmas. Therefore, the observation of a chemiluminescence peak at 430 nm, induced by the generation of hydroxyl radicals, correlated well with chemiluminescent emissions in plasma samples from patients with chronic renal failure. Spectral analyses of clinical samples that show weak chemiluminescence by forced oxidation by such an active oxygen may provide a new and more sensitive method for diagnosing metabolic disorders.

Chromatography, Gel↗
PubMed1992

[An experience of surgical treatment for catamenial pneumothorax with diaphragmatic and pulmonary endometriosis].

A case of catamenial pneumothorax with diaphragmatic and pulmonary endometriosis is presented. A 43-year-old, married woman had three times of recurrent right pneumothorax during the period from January to July on 1990. Each episode was apparently related to the onset of the menstruation suggesting catamenial pneumothorax. Right thoracotomy revealed a perforation of the diaphragm and five black spots on the visceral pleura. Involved portion both diaphragm and lung were excised. Microscopic examination of the excised specimens showed endometrial stroma in the diaphragm and subpleural layer of the lung. Although it has been postulated that intrathoracic endometriosis is a possible cause of the pneumothorax, very few cases have been reported in which pulmonary or pleural endometriosis was demonstrated histologically. Surgical and pathologic findings are documented discussing the relationship of both conditions in this report.

Diaphragm↗
PubMed1992

[A case of anaplastic carcinoma of the mediastinal goiter].

We reported a case of anaplastic carcinoma of mediastinal goiter. The initial symptom was hoarseness, and thyroid scintigram and venogram revealed mediastinal thyroid malignant tumor, although cervical tumor could not be palpated. Operation was performed with median sternotomy. The size of the tumor was 8 x 6 x 3cm. Histological examination showed papillary adenocarcinoma of left lower pole of the thyroid gland which was transformed into anaplastic carcinoma and extended to the mediastinal cavity. Anaplastic carcinoma of mediastinal goiter is very rare, and our case showed anaplastic transformation from papillary adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1991

Molecular characterization of mild-to-moderate hemophilia A: detection of the mutation in 25 of 29 patients by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis.

To date it has been difficult to characterize completely a genetic disorder, such as hemophilia A, in which the involved gene is large and unrelated affected individuals have different mutations, most of which are point mutations. Toward this end, we analyzed the DNA of 29 patients with mild-to-moderate hemophilia A in which the causative mutation is likely to be a missense mutation. Using computer analysis, we determined the melting properties of factor VIII gene sequences to design primer sets for PCR amplification and subsequent denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). A total of 45 primer sets was chosen to amplify 99% of the coding region of the gene and 41 of 50 splice junctions. To facilitate detection of point mutations, we mixed DNA from two male patients, and both homoduplexes and heteroduplexes were analyzed. With these 45 primer sets, 26 DNAs containing previously identified point mutations in the factor VIII gene were studied, and all 26 mutations were easily distinguishable from normal. After analyzing the 29 patients with unknown mutations, we identified the disease-producing mutation in 25 (86%). Two polymorphisms and two rare normal variants were also found. Therefore, DGGE after computer analysis is a powerful method for nearly complete characterization of disease-producing mutations and polymorphisms in large genes such as that for factor VIII.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Dark adapted leaves of paraquat-resistant tobacco plants emit less ultraweak light than susceptible ones.

Long term light emission was compared from leaves of paraquat-resistant and -susceptible tobacco plants. In the minutes time scale, delayed light emission of the two biotypes was similar both in kinetics and in intensity. However, after several hours in the dark, ultraweak light emission from leaves of resistant plants was about one third of the light emitted by susceptible samples. We suggest, that this difference is due to the higher activity of superoxide dismutase in resistant biotypes, earlier reported by Tanaka et al. (1988) (Plant Cell Physiol. 29, 743-746), and propose a model for the mechanism of ultraweak light emission from these samples.

Darkness↗
PubMed1991

Monitoring a mammalian nuclear membrane phase transition by intrinsic ultraweak light emission.

The first thermodynamic measurements of the intensity of light emission associated with native lipid peroxidation in a biological membrane are described. Kinetics of the radical chain reaction are shown to be sensitive to membrane structural phase and lipid dynamics. This is demonstrated by a novel measurement of a phase transition in the membrane of the intact mammalian nucleus. The apparent activation energies of lipid peroxidation in this system are also obtained for the first time. We suggest that this measurement may be more generally applicable as a method for monitoring membrane phase transitions.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Spectral resolution of long term (0.5-50 s) delayed fluorescence from spinach chloroplasts.

The emission spectrum of room temperature delayed fluorescence from spinach chloroplasts does not change during the period 0.5-50 s after the cessation of illumination. This provides experimental evidence that charge recombination processes originating in various charge pairs of photosystem II, and manifest as various kinetical components of long term delayed fluorescence, result in the excitation of the same emitters, as predicted by the charge recombination hypothesis.

Chloroplasts↗
PubMed1991

Low-level chemiluminescence from Drosophila melanogaster fed with chemical mutagens polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon quinones and a carcinogenic bracken fern.

The spontaneous photon emission (chemiluminescence) from Drosophila melanogaster fed chemical mutagens, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon quinones, and a carcinogenic bracken fern was studied. The fly chemiluminescence was evidently enhanced by mutagen or carcinogen administration and was increased proportionally to the administered amount of tested compound. Strong chemiluminescence was observed especially at the larval stage. Living larvae emitted stronger chemiluminescence than their homogenate. The chemiluminescence from Drosophila melanogaster fed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon quinones showed a linear relation with the mutation frequency in the Drosophila wing spot test. The chemiluminescence from flies fed a bracken fern decreased by the addition of free radical scavengers and active oxygen quenchers. The phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide concentration in the flies was increased proportionally with the chemiluminescence intensity. It seems that the free radical formation is stimulated as shown by the enhanced chemiluminescence in mutagen- or carcinogen-dosed flies, and as a result, lipid peroxide accumulation accompanies mutation in Drosophila melanogaster.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Characteristics of the principal neutralizing determinant of HIV-1 prevalent in Japan.

The principal neutralizing determinants (PNDs) of 29 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates in Japan were analyzed using polymerase chain reactions. The viruses were isolated from 16 hemophiliacs, 11 individuals infected by their sexual transmission and 1 patient infected by blood transfusion (total 28 patients). Two virus isolates which were obtained from the same individual at different periods were also analyzed. All individuals were Japanese except one. The results produced 32 different PND sequences. A highly conserved central core sequence (GPG) was present in 27 of 32 patients, similar to the number reported in the United States, despite the marked heterogeneity in flanking regions of PNDs. The PNDs of all the 16 HIV-1 isolates obtained from patients with coagulation disorders had GPG sequences. Secondary structure prediction of PNDs by a joint method suggested that they were composed of coil-beta strand-coil-beta strand-alpha helix. It is suggested that the conserved core sequence has a type I turn. These findings may be useful in planning further clinical trials for passive vaccination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Ultraweak light emission from rat liver nuclei.

An extremely weak native light emission from rat liver nuclei was detected and studied using a highly sensitive single photon counting system. This emission is oxygen dependent and we attribute it to (per) oxidative processes. The effects of deuterium oxide and 1,4-diazabicyclo-[2.2.2] octane on the light emission suggests the possible involvement of singlet oxygen. The kinetic features of the underlying reactions including biphasic response to both oxygen and temperature changes, could be clearly discerned. Further study of this light emission can serve as a useful adjunct to biochemical investigations of oxidative processes which play an important role in mutation, carcinogenesis and aging.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Augmentation of endotoxic lethality and glucose dyshomeostasis by phorbol ester.

To investigate the role of protein kinase C (PKC) activation in the pathogenesis of endotoxin (ETX) shock, the in vivo effects of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) on ETX-induced lethality and glucose dyshomeostasis were determined. Fed rats (300-400 g) were treated intravenously with incremental doses of Salmonella enteritidis ETX and either the vehicle, 110 mg/kg ip dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), or 0.5 mg/kg ip PMA dissolved in DMSO. PMA significantly increased ETX-induced lethality to doses of 1.0-20 mg/kg. PMA augmented the initial hyperglycemia, late hypoglycemia, and hyperlactacidemia after 1 mg/kg iv ETX to rats anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium. In contrast, 4 alpha-phorbol, a phorbol derivative that does not activate PKC, had no effect on either lethality or the glucose and lactate responses. Hyperinsulinemia after 1 mg/kg iv ETX was prolonged by PMA but not by 4 alpha-phorbol. Insulin tolerance testing (0.5 U/kg iv) produced an exaggerated hypoglycemic response in PMA-treated endotoxic (0.33 mg/kg) rats. Glucose tolerance to 1.2 g/kg iv was increased by ETX and PMA attenuated the increased tolerance. Thus PKC activation may be involved in the pathogenesis of lethal endotoxicosis and associated glucose dyshomeostasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Antagonism of endotoxic glucose dyshomeostasis by protein kinase C inhibitors.

Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by bacterial lipopolysaccharide had recently been implicated in the pathogenetic sequence of gram-negative sepsis, endotoxicosis, hyperinsulinism, and the alterations in glucoregulation that eventuate in glucose dyshomeostasis. This study used the peptide antibiotic polymyxin B (PMX-B) and H-7, an isoquinoline sulfonamide, as inhibitors of PKC activation to evaluate responses to provocative insulin and glucose tolerance tests in control vs. endotoxic rats. Fed male rats were treated with either Salmonella enteritidis endotoxin (ETX; 0.33 mg/kg iv) or saline 120 min before intravenous insulin tolerance testing (IVITT) with human insulin (1 U/kg) or intravenous glucose tolerance testing (IVGTT) with D-glucose (1.2 g/kg). H-7 in dimethyl sulfoxide at 25 mg/kg, PMX-B in saline at 0.25 mg/kg, or the respective vehicles were administered 5 min before the tolerance tests. Neither H-7 nor PMX-B had any significant acute effects on basal plasma glucose or lactate values. The decline in plasma with IVITT was augmented by ETX; however, concomitant H-7 or PMX-B attenuated the insulin hypoglycemia. The computed half-life of glucose in the IVGTT was decreased by ETX; however, concomitant H-7 or PMX-B decreased the tolerance alteration. In addition, both H-7 and PMX-B attenuated the rise in insulin induced by the IVGTT. Thus the hyperinsulinism and the glucoregulatory disturbances in endotoxicosis may be mediated by PKC activation and ameliorated by PKC inhibition.

1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine↗
PubMed1991

[Evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay for plasma thrombomodulin].

Thrombomodulin (TM) is an endothelial cell membrane glycoprotein which neutralizes thrombin clotting activity and accelerates thrombin-catalyzed activation of plasma protein C. Its role is considered to be very important to prevent thrombosis. Recently, TM has been found in circulating blood and the roles and the functions have been investigated. In this study, we evaluated the reliance and the clinical usefulness of a TM-measuring-kit by enzyme immunoassay (MGC-01-001: Mitsubishi Gas chemical company). Intraassay reproducibility test, dilution linearity test and in vitro recovery test was obtained satisfactory results. A correlation between plasma and serum on TM levels of healthy individuals was very good and the difference between them was not significant. Normal value of plasma TM levels was instituted 15.73 +/- 6.98 ng/ml by measuring 52 healthy adults. The difference between male and female was not significant. Plasma TM levels did not change significantly after venous occlusion test and on circadian fluctuation. Plasma TM levels in patients with occlusion test and on circadian fluctuation. Plasma TM levels in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) was 40.15 +/- 22.68 ng/ml (mean +/- SD, n = 14). It is significantly higher than the levels in healthy adults. However, the levels in patients with angina pectoris, acute myocardial infarction and aortic aneurysm were not significantly different from those of healthy adults. These findings suggest that the precision of this TM-measuring-kit is satisfactory and the measurement of plasma TM can be useful to diagnose of DIC.

Adult↗