Biomedical subjects

H Inamura

Publications and source records attributed to H Inamura.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

Clinical advantages of electroneurography in patients with Bell's palsy within two weeks after onset.

One of the advantages of applying ENoG to patients with Bell's palsy resides in its quantitative determinability for the axons which do not undergo wallerian degeneration. The relation between the ENoG value each day after onset and during the recovery process was investigated in 551 patients with Bell's palsy within 2 weeks after onset in order to consider the diagnostic value of ENoG. It was discovered that ENoG on patients with Bell's palsy makes it possible to reveal the extent of wallerian degeneration by 7 days after the onset of palsy. Accordingly, treatment of Bell's palsy should be administered within the above 7 days; as early as 8 days after onset, exact prognostic diagnosis and judgment of therapeutic effect from ENoG values were concluded to be practicable.

Action Potentials↗

PubMed1994

Facial nerve palsy in children: clinical aspects of diagnosis and treatment.

Eighty-two children with facial palsy aged less than 6 years were examined. Sixty-four cases, excluding patients with congenital and traumatic palsy, were distributed through the ages, but a predominant tendency to symptomatic palsy for cases aged less than 2 years was observed. Facial movement scoring was not practical in prognostic diagnosis in cases aged under 4 years, while ENoG was useful in all age-groups. Of 58 cases of acute peripheral facial palsy, 29 were observed clinically but given no treatment, 9 were given steroids, and 16 were given vitamins and other drugs. In the patients with acute peripheral facial palsy in whom a follow up study was performed, 56 cases (96.6%) showed complete recovery. The time of recovery was independent of treatment. Facial palsy in children is considered to have a good prognosis regardless of treatment. Steroid administration thus does not appear to be necessary in children with acute facial palsy.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1994

Electrophysiological study on the pathology of synkinesis after facial nerve paralysis.

By conducting electrophysiological tests on patients with facial nerve paralysis, the characteristics of synkinesis and the mechanisms of its manifestations were examined. The subjects were 114 patients of facial nerve paralysis on whom electroneurography (ENoG) and the blink reflex were conducted. As a result, it was indicated that synkinesis could be determined by the blink reflex, and that the frequency of synkinesis manifestation increased with severity of paralysis. From examination during the latent period, early component (SI) recognized in the cases of synkinesis was found to be the waveform which passed the fibers with a slow conducting speed. It was not related to the degree of degeneration of nerves for either the severe or light degeneration of nerves. From the above result it was concluded that synkinesis is generated as a misdirection of reproduced nerves.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Facial nerve enhancement in Gd-MRI in patients with Bell's palsy.

The diagnostic value of a contrast enhanced MRI in patients with Bell's palsy was investigated. It was a characteristic finding that the internal acoustic meatal segment of the facial nerve was enhanced only on the affected side. The signal intensity ratio of the geniculate ganglion and the tympanic segment was significantly higher on the affected side than on the normal side. The severity of the facial palsy and the results of physiological examinations showed no relation to the results of MRI scans. Gd enhanced MRI thus appears to provide some useful findings for estimating the affected region of Bell's palsy, whereas it is not considered to be valuable in the diagnosis of severity.

Contrast Media↗

PubMed1994

Gd-DTPA enhanced MRI in Ramsay Hunt syndrome.

Ten patients with Ramsay Hunt syndrome underwent magnetic resonance (MR) scans. In many examinations, abnormal enhancement of the 7th nerve in the internal acoustic meatal segment through the mastoid segment was observed. Out of seven patients with cochlear and/or vestibular symptoms, only one showed abnormal enhancement of the 8th nerve, in addition to the 7th. The other 6 patients showed the same findings as in Bell's palsy, showing no enhancement of the 8th nerve. This suggests that clinical symptoms have no relation to the results of MRI. Enhanced MRI is the most sensitive means of making differential diagnoses between Hunt's syndrome and tumors, but it is impossible to detect all lesion sites corresponding to the symptoms in Hunt's syndrome.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Conservative treatment of idiopathic facial palsy--effects of the administration of high-dose steroids in Bell's palsy].

The etiology of Bell's palsy is still obscure and its treatment remains controversial. As a conservative treatment for Bell's palsy, Stennert developed a new treatment method for the purpose of improving microcirculation, and reported an extremely high cure rate of 96%, drawing a great deal of attention. However, since the electrophysiological findings and side effects in these patients were not described satisfactorily in his report, this method has not yet come into wide clinical use. In the present study the efficacy of Stennert's method was assessed by electrophysiological examination in patients, and was compared with patients treated by conventional methods. The subjects of this study were 157 patients with Bell's palsy who were treated with a modification of Stennert's method between September 1987 and August 1990. The treatment protocol for the modified Stennert's method was as follows: hydroxyethyl starch 40 with 20% mannitol is given instead of Dextran 40 and prednisolone is stopped depending on the findings of electrical examinations. Fifty-three patients with Bell's palsy treated by the conventional method used in our clinic between November 1983 and August 1987 were used for the control group. The most remarkable difference between these two methods was the initial dose of prednisolone. In the group treated by the modified Stennert's method, 111 patients (70.7%) showed complete recovery within 1 month, and 154 patients presented (98.1%) showed complete recovery within 6 months, 3 cases presented slight sequelae. In the conventional treatment group, on the other hand, only 2 patients (3.8%) recovered within 1 month, and 43 patients (81.0%) recovered within 6 months.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

[Assessment of adaptation to on-board conditions on "The Ship for World Youth"].

The adaptation process of youth from 13 countries on board "The 3rd Ship for World Youth" cruise which was held from January 18 to March 20 in 1991 was analyzed. The age of almost all of the participants was in the 20's (average age was 24.9 yrs), and there were 103 participants (47 males, 56 females) from Japan, 171 participants (86 males, 85 females) from North, Middle and South America, and Oceanian countries for total of 274 participants (133 males, 141 females). The living environment on board differed significantly from daily living conditions of the participants, particularly due to the need to communicate in a foreign language, and to live in harmony with different cultures in a confinement situation, such that they were inevitably susceptible to various stressors. Among the participants there were some who needed psychiatric care and treatment. In order to assess quantitatively psychosomatic reactions to those stressors, a 28-item scaled GHQ (= General Health Questionnaire) assessment was performed four times on board with the following findings: 1. Highest scores were seen shortly after embarkment and decreased as the participants got accustomed to the living conditions on board. 2. The scores of the Japanese participants were higher than those of foreign participants, possibly indicating awkward adaptational skill on the part of Japanese participants especially during the first stage. 3. Japanese females scored slightly higher than Japanese males throughout the course of the program. 4. No clear difference in scores between Japanese participants aged under 25 y and over 26 y was observed. 5. A large proportion (77.3%) of Japanese participants had Y-G personality test results classifying them in the 'stable positive' group (D group). These participants had significantly lower scaled GHQ scores than those in the non-D group, indicating a high adaptational ability of D group participants.

Adaptation, Physiological↗

PubMed1991

[The second report on Japanese abroad with psychiatric problems: air transportation of Japanese with mental disorders in western Europe].

This is to report on airline travel processes experienced with two Japanese psychotics (schizophrenic) abroad who were treated by the local consulates of Japan, and escorted by Japanese psychiatrists from April to May in 1989. A comparative analysis was made of the two cases from the following six points of view: psychopathology concerning travel, psychiatric evaluation at the time of travel, access to local psychiatric medical services, trust between the patient and escorting physician, method of administering drugs, and cooperation in strategy with the airline company. Results indicate that the following three points are crucial in the air transportation of Japanese psychotics: 1) Establishment of patient-escorting physician trust relationship, 2) Adequate sedation through sufficient administration of tranquilizers, 3) Establishment of communication and close cooperation with the airline company.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Effects of high dose steroid on the experimentally induced facial palsy].

As a conservative treatment for Bell's palsy, the high dose steroid therapy introduced by Stennert in 1982 are highly evaluated clinically from many investigators. In the present study, model animals with experimentally-induced facial paralysis were prepared using guinea pigs in which the effect of administration of high dose steroid on the recovery process of the palsy was investigated electrophysiologically and morphologically. The main trunk of the facial nerve was exposed under Nembutal anesthesia, and compressed for 10 sec. using a needle holder. The model animals were divided into three groups, a high dose steroid group (Group A) and a low dose steroid group (Group B) and control group (Group C). The evoked EMGs of orbicularis oris muscle were recorded before operation and on the third, seventh and 14th days after operation, and each time course of the amplitude changes in Groups A, B and C was compared. Recovery patterns of amplitude in Group A was much more rapid than in Groups B and C. Light microscopy revealed extensive destruction and existence of only a small number of normal myelinated fibers on the 14th day after operation in Group C. In Group A, however, these changes were slight. And the numbers of normal myelinated fibers decreased to a minimum in Group C, while the number of fibers in Group A already increased on the 14th day. Electron microscopy, in Group C, disclosed distortion of the sheath of myelinated fibers and abnormal changes in the axon. But in Group A, dense lamellar structure of myelin sheath and no axonal degeneration were disclosed. These experimental results support the efficacy of high dose steroid therapy upon Bell's palsy.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

[Mental disorders of Japanese people in western Europe].

As the number of Japanese going abroad has increased in recent years, so has there been an increase in the number of Japanese who seek for help at the Consulate of Japan due to problems relating to mental disorders. Three Consulates in Europe (London, Madrid, Paris), that had experience dealing with mental disorder cases, which had been brought for various reasons, were visited in order to investigate the state of the situation among Japanese with mental disorders in Europe. The following findings were obtained: 1. The number of mental disorder cases treated by the Consulates of Japan in Europe from April 1988 to March 1989 was 37 out of the total 147 in the whole world or 25%. 2. Among them were 7 cases in Great Britain (London), 5 cases in Spain (Madrid), and 11 cases in France (Paris), all of which required tremendous effort to resolve. 3. Among possible additional measures that are needed are support by local Japanese Organizations, development of a system of medical care manned by Japanese physicians on a rotation basis, a medical escort system for returning patients to Japan, overseas insurance and telephone counseling as well as measures to prevent manifestation of mental disorders overseas.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

Viral infection in acute peripheral facial palsy. Investigation in Yamagata Prefecture.

We studied viral involvement in Bell's palsy and Ramsay Hunt syndrome. In the CF test, viral infection was confirmed in 2 of 84 patients. Of the 12 patients with Ramsay Hunt syndrome, 5 showed a significantly high titre for varicella zoster and one for rubella. The ELISA test, performed in 60 patients with Bell's palsy, revealed significantly high titres for varicella zoster in 5 patients and for herpes simplex in 4 patients. All 5 patients with Ramsay Hunt syndrome showed significantly high titres for varicella zoster. The ELISA test showed a higher sensitivity than the CF test. The incidence of viral infection in the present study was lower than that in similar investigations. Possible reasons for this are epidemicity or regional differences year from year.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1988

Nationwide investigation on diagnostic methods for facial palsy.

We investigated the present status concerning the performance of examinations of facial nerve function for facial palsy, based on statistics obtained from the project supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A) from the Ministry of Education. The project is called An Epidemiological and Clinical Study on the Idiopathic Facial Palsy. In an analysis of the questionnaire "individual investigation card for idiopathic facial palsy" obtained from 28 medical facilities throughout Japan between 1984 and 1986, the outline of the examinations performed for peripheral facial palsy was examined.

Electrodiagnosis↗

PubMed1988

On the conservative treatment of Bell's palsy.

One hundred and nine patients with Bell's palsy (Group A) were treated with a modified method based on Stennert's method between November 1983 and June 1986. The treatment results were compared with those obtained in an earlier group of 224 patients (Group B) treated until October 1983. The recovery rate in Group A was higher than that in the Group B, and there were significant differences at 4 months (p less than 0.05) and at 6 months (p less than 0.01) after onset.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗

PubMed1988

Effects of Aciclovir in Ramsay Hunt syndrome.

Nine patients with Ramsay Hunt syndrome were treated with Aciclovir and the effects of this treatment were observed for 6 months. The results were excellent in 5 cases, fair in 3, and poor in one case. Otalgia and auricular herpes was improved rapidly after the administration of Aciclovir. No severe side effect was observed in this study.

Acyclovir↗

PubMed1987