Biomedical subjects

H Ising

Publications and source records attributed to H Ising.

75 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Traffic noise and cardiovascular risk: the Caerphilly and Speedwell studies, second phase. Risk estimation, prevalence, and incidence of ischemic heart disease.

As part of the Caerphilly and the Speedwell collaborative heart disease studies, associations between outdoor traffic noise level, risk factors for ischemic heart disease, and prevalence and incidence of ischemic heart disease were studied in two samples of 2,512 and 2,348 men, respectively, who were 45-63 y of age. Compared with the lowest noise category [Leq,6-22 h = 51-55 dB(A)], the subjects in the highest noise category [Leq,6-22 = 66-70 dB(A)] showed a slightly worse risk factor profile with respect to 9 identified endogenous risk factors. Logistic regression analysis suggested a marginal increase in risk (relative risk = 1.1) for ischemic heart disease incidence for these men based on risk factors. The prevalence of ischemic heart disease was slightly higher (relative risk = 1.2) in this noise group. The observed incidence of major ischemic heart disease within an observation period of approximately 4 y was slightly lower (relative risk = 0.8) for men in the highest noise group.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Traffic noise and cardiovascular risk: the Caerphilly and Speedwell studies, third phase--10-year follow up.

The authors tested the hypothesis that prolonged exposure to road traffic noise causes ischemic heart disease in a 10-y follow-up cohort study of middle-aged men. In the Caerphilly and Speedwell studies, 2512 and 2348 men, respectively, who were 45-59 y of age were seen in the initial cross-sectional phase and at follow-up intervals of 10 y. Adjusted odds ratios of 1.1 (95% confidence interval = 0.6, 1.9) and 0.9 (95% confidence interval = 0.6, 1.4) were found in the total cohorts. However, the relative risk was 1.3 (95% confidence interval = 0.8, 2.2) in the pooled reconstructed cohort of men who were followed for 6 y (i.e., from phase 2 to phase 3) and for whom room orientation and window-opening habits could be considered. Furthermore, the relative risk increased to 1.6 (95% confidence interval = 0.9, 3.0) in the subsample of men who had lived at least 15 y in their present homes at the time of recruitment. Living adjacent to streets with high traffic noise levels was associated with an adjusted (for covariates) increase in relative risk of 1.01-1.02/y in residence--a result that was only borderline significant (p < .10).

Cardiovascular Diseases↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Respiratory and dermatological diseases in children with long-term exposure to road traffic immissions.

The pathogenesis of allergies can be stimulated by adjuvant effects--i.e. air pollutants such as NO(2) and particles from diesel exhausts as well as noise--the latter especially during night-time. During sleep, noise signals which are associated with danger (i.e. lorry noise) have the potential to trigger stress reactions even if the noise level is low. Increases of cortisol in the first half of the night seem to play an important role. In a blind interview study, the combined effects of chronic exposure to traffic related air pollution and noise, upon the risk of skin and respiratory diseases in children were studied. All children between 5-12 years, who had consulted one of two participating paediatricians were included in the study. The paediatricians diagnoses of 400 children were analysed together with their parents answers regarding the density of road traffic on their street and several confounding factors. Multiple regression analyses resulted in relative risks of asthma, chronic bronchitis and neurodermitis, which increased significantly with increasing traffic load. A comparison with the literature on such effects caused by air pollution alone, showed that traffic noise during the night might have an adjuvant effect on the pathogenesis of the mentioned diseases.

Air Pollutants↗