PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H J Lin

Publications and source records attributed to H J Lin.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Treatment of duodenal carcinoid by strip biopsy.

In a 70-year-old man with diarrhea and weight loss, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed a 0.4-cm nodular lesion at the anterior duodenal bulb with a fissure at the tip of the lesion. The histologic diagnosis of the biopsied specimen revealed a duodenal carcinoid confined to the submucosa. We used strip biopsy to resect the lesion. After resection, diarrhea subsided and weight was increased. Strip biopsy may be a safe and effective choice for management of a duodenal carcinoid if it is < 1 cm in size or confined to the submucosa, especially when mitoses are absent.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Octreotide and heater probe thermocoagulation for arrest of peptic ulcer hemorrhage. A prospective, randomized, controlled trial.

We carried out a prospective, randomized, controlled trial over a 7-month period to assay the hemostatic effects of octreotide and heater probe thermocoagulation (HPT) in 54 patients with active peptic ulcer bleeding or nonbleeding visible vessels at the ulcer base. Nineteen patients received octreotide 100 micrograms bolus i.v. followed by 25 micrograms/h i.v. for 3 days. Twenty patients received HPT. Fifteen patients received ranitidine 100 mg i.v. every 12 h. The three groups were matched for sex, age, location of bleeders, endoscopic findings, shock, and initial hemoglobin. Ultimate hemostasis was obtained in 11 (58%) of the octreotide group, 18 (90%) of the heater probe group, and 8 (53%) of the control group (p < 0.05). Volume of blood transfused, number of patients receiving operation, hospital stay, and number of deaths were not statistically significant among the three groups. We conclude that HPT is more effective than octreotide in the arrest of peptic ulcer bleeding.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Heater probe thermocoagulation and multipolar electrocoagulation for arrest of peptic ulcer bleeding. A prospective, randomized comparative trial.

Both heater probe thermocoagulation (HPT) and multipolar electrocoagulation (MPEC) are promising techniques to control peptic ulcer bleeding. However, their hemostatic effects are still not proven conclusively in controlled trials. Here we have tried to do that. Patients with a bleeding ulcer or a nonbleeding visible vessel at the ulcer base received either HPT or MPEC randomly. We compared hemostatic rates, rebleeding rates, hospital stay, volume of blood transfusion, number of operations, and mortality between both groups. A total of 80 patients entered this trial. Patients of both groups had similar ultimate hemostatic rates (HPT 92.5%, MPEC 85%), days in hospital (HPT 5.4, MPEC 5.0), volume of blood transfusion (mean values: HPT 1,774 ml, MPEC 1,974 ml), number of operations (HPT 3, MPEC 3), and mortality (HPT 2, MPEC 3). Both therapeutic approaches are safe and effective for peptic ulcer bleeding.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Nomenclature for N-acetyltransferases.

A consolidated classification system is described for prokaryotic and eukaryotic N-acetyltransferases in accordance with the international rules for gene nomenclature. The root symbol (NAT) specifically identifies the genes that code for the N-acetyltransferases, and NAT* loci encoding proteins with similar function are distinguished by Arabic numerals. Allele characters, denoted by Arabic numbers or by a combination of Arabic numbers and uppercase Latin letters, are separated from gene loci by an asterisk, and the entire gene-allele symbols are italicized. Alleles at the different NAT* loci have been numbered chronologically irrespective of the species of origin. For designation of genotypes at a single NAT* locus, a slash serves to separate the alleles; in phenotype designations, which are not italicized, alleles are separated by a comma.

Alleles↗
PubMed1995

Activated H-ras rescues E1A-induced apoptosis and cooperates with E1A to overcome p53-dependent growth arrest.

The adenovirus E1A oncogene products stimulate DNA synthesis and cell proliferation but fail to transform primary baby rat kidney (BRK) cells because of the induction of p53-mediated programmed cell death (apoptosis). Overexpression of dominant mutant p53 (to abrogate wild-type p53 function) or introduction of apoptosis inhibitors, such as adenovirus E1B 19K or Bcl-2 oncoproteins, prevents E1A-induced apoptosis and permits transformation of BRK cells. The ability of activated Harvey-ras (H-ras) to cooperate with E1A to transform BRK cells suggests that H-ras is capable of overcoming the E1A-induced, p53-dependent apoptosis. We demonstrate here that activated H-ras was capable of suppressing apoptosis induced by E1A and wild-type p53. However, unlike Bcl-2 and the E1B 19K proteins, which completely block apoptosis but not p53-dependent growth arrest, H-ras expression permitted DNA synthesis and cell proliferation in the presence of high levels of wild-type p53. The mechanism by which H-ras regulates apoptosis and cell cycle progression is thereby strikingly different from that of the E1B 19K and Bcl-2 proteins. BRK cells transformed with H-ras and the temperature sensitive murine mutant p53(val 135), which lack E1A, underwent growth arrest at the permissive temperature for wild-type p53. p53-dependent growth arrest, however, could be relieved by E1A expression. Thus, H-ras alone was insufficient and cooperation of H-ras and E1A was required to override growth suppression by p53. Our data further suggest that two complementary growth signals from E1A plus H-ras can rescue cell death and thus permit transformation.

Adenovirus E1A Proteins↗
PubMed1995

Newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation and acute stroke. The Framingham Study.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: When atrial fibrillation (AF) is first documented at the time of onset of acute stroke, it is difficult to establish a temporal relationship between AF and stroke. Did AF precede and precipitate the stroke, or did the arrhythmia appear as a result of stroke? Following the course of the newly diagnosed AF may help to clarify this relationship. METHODS: The Framingham Study cohort of 5070 members, aged 30 to 62 years and free of cardiovascular disease at entry, has been under surveillance for the development of cardiovascular disease, including stroke. We followed the course of AF, which was documented for the first time on or soon after hospital admission for stroke. RESULTS: During 38 years of follow-up, 115 of 656 initial stroke events occurred in association with AF: 89 had previously documented AF, 21 had AF discovered for the first time on admission for the stroke, and 5 were admitted with sinus rhythm but developed AF after admission. Of the 21 subjects with AF diagnosed on admission, in 12 (57%) AF persisted thereafter (chronic AF). Among the other 9 persons presenting with nonpersistant AF, paroxysms recurred in 3 (14%) and became chronic AF in 4 (19%). AF was transient and did not recur in only 2 persons (10%). Of the 5 subjects who developed AF after admission, AF was sustained from the initial diagnosis in 2 and recurred in paroxysms or became established as chronic in 3. CONCLUSIONS: Ninety-two percent (24/26) of subjects presenting with newly discovered AF at the time of acute stroke continued to have this rhythm disturbance in a chronic or paroxysmal form. In only 2 subjects (8%) was the arrhythmia short-lived and nonrecurrent. These follow-up data suggest that in most instances AF was probably the precipitant rather than the consequence of stroke.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Laboratory tests for human immunodeficiency viruses.

Two types of human immunodeficiency viruses are known. Both type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 (HIV-2) can lead to AIDS. This article describes laboratory tests that are used for diagnosis of HIV infection and for monitoring disease progression or the effects of therapy. These tests are based on detection of host antibodies, viral antigens, viral nucleotide sequences, or cultivation of the virus in vitro. The principles underlying test methods for differentiation between HIV-1 and HIV-2 are described.

HIV Infections↗
PubMed1995

[Secretory carcinoma of the breast--a case report].

Secretory breast carcinoma is a very rare tumor of the breast and has distinctive pathological characteristics such as (1) the presence of large amounts of intracellular and extracellular secretion and (2) granular eosinophilic cytoplasma of the cells. It usually occurs in children or adolescents and is known to have a better prognosis than the usual ductal carcinoma. The preoperative aspiration cytology is also distinctive and it could permit planning the optimal surgical therapy such as breast conservation surgery for young patients. We report a case of secretory breast carcinoma in a 35 year-old female and her preoperative aspiration cytology in Liu's stain. To our knowledge, Secretory breast carcinoma has not been reported previously in Taiwan.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Frozen section of diagnosis of breast lesions.

Frozen section diagnosis rendered in 549 consecutive breast biopsies performed in 5 years in a single pathology laboratory was correlated with the final pathological diagnosis. There were no false positive reports among the 220 (40.1%) biopsies interpreted as benign lesions in paraffin sections. Among 329 (59.9%) malignant biopsies on paraffin sections, 3 cases were interpreted as benign lesions on frozen sections. Three false negatives included 2 ductal carcinoma in situ and one infiltrating ductal carcinoma associated with papillomatosis. The tumors were small and confined to the breast without any evidence of metastasis. There was a very good correspondence between the frozen section diagnosis and the paraffin section diagnosis (K = 0.98). The sensitivity of frozen section diagnosis was 99.1% and the clinical diagnostic specificity was 100%. Our results suggest that frozen section diagnosis is a highly reliable procedure, but small lesions (less than 1 cm in diameter, or non-palpable) should not be subjected to frozen section examination to avoid unnecessary loss of neoplastic tissue during the frozen section. The careful investigation of paraffin-embedded tissue is recommended for small breast lesions in breast conserving lumpectomy.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1995

Bacteriology of maxillary sinuses in rabbits.

To study whether normal sinus flora exist in normal sinus, we used 40 sinuses from 20 New Zealand white rabbits as the animal model. The histological examination was performed on sinus mucosa from each sinus and bacteria from these sinuses were cultured. Surprisingly, 70% of them (28 sinuses) were found to have sinusitis. These sinuses not only contained bacteria in culture but also showed various degree of histological inflammatory reaction in mucosa examination. Of the other 12 normal or near normal sinuses, only two showed positive bacterial culture, and ten of them showed negative bacterial culture either from discharge or mucosa studies. Accordingly, these data suggest that these two studies (bacterial culture and histological mucosa examination) are consistent. Thus, from this study it was concluded that there is no bacteria or few bacteria in normal sinus.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Metaplastic ossification in the breast--a case report].

Metaplastic calcification and ossification originating in the subcutaneous fat of the breast are rare and commonly included in the malignant tumor. We reported a 24-year-old female who developed a huge metaplastic ossification without neoplasm in her right breast. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case in the world literature and the first case in Taiwan.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Hemostatic effects of heat probe thermocoagulation for patients with peptic ulcer bleeding: an experience of 329 patients.

BACKGROUND: The mortality rate of peptic ulcer bleeding has kept around 6-10% over the past thirty years. Rebleeding is the most important adverse prognostic factor. Heat probe thermocoagulation is suspected to have good hemostatic effect, there is doubt whether the experience of performing the HPT treatment for peptic ulcer bleeding will influence the hemostatic rate. So we report our experience of a large series for heat probe thermocoagulation. METHODS: Patients with an active bleeding source (spurting or oozing) or a nonbleeding visible vessel (NBVV) in a peptic ulcer disease were enrolled in this study. We used an Olympus GIF IT-10 or GIF 2T-10 panendoscope, an Olympus heat probe unit and a 3.2 mm probe (Olympus Co., Taipei, R.O.C.) to treat peptic ulcer bleeding. We classified the faculty into junior physician, having experience in less than 20 procedures, and senior physician, having experience in more than 20 procedures. RESULTS: Between September 1986 and October 1993, we treated 329 patients with active bleeding or nonbleeding visible vessels at the ulcer craters. The stigmata of recent hemorrhage in these patients included spurting hemorrhage in 102 cases (31%), oozing hemorrhage in 105 cases (31.9%), nonbleeding visible vessels in 122 cases (37.1%). The bleeders were most frequently found in the stomach (181,55%), then the duodenum (133,40.4%). The energy applied to each case was 886 +/- 844 joules (mean +/- SD). The initial hemostatic rate was 95.1% (313/329). Rebleeding occurred in 74 cases (23.6%), and 52 cases received a second heat probe thermocoagulation with to result in ultimate hemostasis in 43 cases (82.7%). Junior physician obtained similar initial hemostasis rate and rebleeding rate (92.6%, 26.4%) as compared with 96.2% and 22.7% of senior physician. Totally 33 patients received emergency operation, and 5 patients died. The volume of total blood transfusion was 2830 +/- 2184 ml (mean +/- SD). The hospital stay was 7.4 +/- 4.6 days (mean +/- SD). CONCLUSIONS: Heat probe thermocoagulation is very effective in the arrest of peptic ulcer bleeding with minimal complications and it is easy to learn in a short period of time.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Long-term results of heater probe thermocoagulation for patients with massive peptic ulcer bleeding: a prospective observation.

OBJECTIVE: The long-term rebleeding rate of a bleeding ulcer after endoscopic hemostasis is, so far, not clear. The goal of this study is to present the natural history of bleeding ulcers after heater probe thermocoagulation. METHODS: Between September 1986 and June 1991, we used heater probe to treat 202 patients with active bleeding or nonbleeding visible vessels at the ulcer craters. We were able to follow 159 patients for 2-7 yr (mean +/- SD: 54.5 +/- 19.9 months). Patients with active bleeding or nonbleeding visible vessels who did not receive endoscopic hemostasis or surgery in our previous studies served as controls. RESULTS: The energy applied to each patient in the heater probe group was 886 +/- 844 J (mean +/- SD). The ultimate hemostatic rate in the heater probe group was 91.2% (145/159). In the period of long-term follow-up, there were 32 episodes of rebleeding in 24 patients (16.6%). Most rebleeding episodes (22/32) subsided spontaneously. Only one rebleeding patient died before a surgical attempt. The rebleeding rate was less than that of the controls (43/87, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Heater probe thermocoagulation is very effective in arrest of peptic ulcer bleeding. In the long-term follow-up, heater probe thermocoagulation can decrease rebleeding rate in most patients with peptic ulcer hemorrhage.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Pseudomelanosis duodeni: report of eight cases.

Pseudomelanosis duodeni is an uncommon endoscopic sign characterized by diffuse small black spots on the first and second portions of the duodenum. It occurs predominantly in female and elderly patients and is linked to chronic illnesses and related medications. Between 1988 and 1994, the authors saw eight patients with pseudomelanosis duodeni. To evaluate the nature of the pigments, special staining was performed in seven cases. Iron stain was strongly positive in three cases. Electron microscopy was performed in two cases. This revealed amorphous bodies within macrophage lysosomes in one case and angular crystals in another case. These tests suggest that in pseudomelanosis duodeni iron metabolism may be impaired and iron is pooled within macrophages.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Cervical cytomegalovirus infection in prostitutes and in women attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic.

This study aimed to determine the frequency of, and to define factors associated with, cervical shedding of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in highly sexually active women (licensed prostitutes) and in women attending a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic. Cervical specimens obtained from 195 licensed prostitutes and 187 STD patients aged 17-50 years were compared for the presence of cervical CMV with specimens from 70 women of the same ages attending a gynecologic clinic. Cervical CMV was identified by the presence of a CMV-specific immediate-early gene sequence amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. Cervical CMV prevalences of 38.9% and 34.8% were found for licensed prostitutes and STD patients, respectively. These rates were significantly higher than the 24.3% cervical CMV prevalence for women attending the gynecologic clinic. The data suggest that frequent sexual contact with many sexual partners is responsible for the high frequency of cervical CMV observed in licensed prostitutes. The interaction between CMV and urogenital bacterial infections is a plausible explanation for the high cervical CMV prevalence in STD patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Ethnic distribution of the glutathione transferase Mu 1-1 (GSTM1) null genotype in 1473 individuals and application to bladder cancer susceptibility.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, found in cigarette smoke, food and industrial materials, are potential human carcinogens. Deficiency of detoxifying enzymes, such as glutathione transferases, may affect the metabolic fates of these chemicals and raise cancer risks in exposed individuals. The GSTM1 null genotype is a common form of glutathione transferase deficiency. Because knowledge of its ethnic distribution would be useful in epidemiologic studies, we measured the frequencies of the GSTM1 null genotype among healthy blacks, whites, Asian Indians, Chinese, Japanese, Koreans, Filipinos, Samoans and Hispanics. Rapid genotyping was done by use of a PCR assay, with dried blood spots on blotter paper as DNA templates. The frequency of the null genotype ranged from 0.31 among blacks to 0.88 among Samoans. The PCR assay was also applied to a pilot study of 114 bladder cancer cases from Kaiser Permanente Medical Center, Harbor City, California. DNA for these cases was obtained from paraffin-embedded surgical specimens. The overall odds ratio for bladder cancer with the GSTM1 null genotype was 1.4 (95% confidence interval 0.94-2.1), indicating no statistical difference in null genotype frequencies among bladder cancer patients compared to a healthy population. Large epidemiologic studies, which can be accomplished with dried blood spots or paraffin-embedded tissue specimens, may be useful for further assessment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Multicenter evaluation of quantification methods for plasma human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA.

Six procedures for quantifying plasma human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA were evaluated by nine laboratories. The procedures differed in their sample volume and preparation of samples and methods of amplification and detection. Coded samples in a 10-fold dilution series of HIV-1-spiked plasma were correctly ranked by all six procedures. Subsequently, coded duplicate plasma samples from 16 HIV-1-infected patients were tested using a common set of standards. Several HIV-1 RNA procedures were sufficiently reproducible so that an empiric 4-fold change could be viewed as significant. HIV-1 RNA levels in the patients (up to 370,000 RNA copies/mL) correlated with proviral HIV-1 DNA and were inversely correlated with CD4 cell counts; HIV-1 RNA assays were more sensitive than plasma viremia, standard p24 antigen, or immune complex-dissociated p24 antigen assays. This study demonstrated that several HIV-1 RNA quantitative assays are ready for use in clinical trials.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗