PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H J Long

Publications and source records attributed to H J Long.

72 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Phase II evaluation of L-alanosine (NSC-153353) for patients with disseminated malignant melanoma.

The authors conducted a phase II study of L-alanosine in 39 patients (19 without prior chemotherapy) in advanced malignant melanoma. The intravenous dose was 250 mg/m2/days 1-3 repeated at 3-week intervals. There were two objective regressions (5%) in conjunction with generally transient and tolerable hematologic and gastrointestinal toxicity. L-alanosine as used in our study has limited activity against malignant melanoma.

Alanine↗
PubMed1984

Phase II study of low-dose recombinant leukocyte A interferon in disseminated malignant melanoma.

Thirty patients with disseminated malignant melanoma received intramuscular recombinant leukocyte A interferon (rIFN-alpha A), 12 X 10(6) U/m2, three times weekly for a planned treatment duration of three months. This dose was selected in view of our prior phase II data indicating that 50 X 10(6) U/m2 three times weekly produced excessive toxicity. In this current trial we observed three objective partial regressions (20%) among the 15 better-risk patients (performance score 0, 1, and no prior chemotherapy) with times to disease progression of 1.9, 9.6, and 12.9+ months. There were also three regressions (one complete and two partial) among the 15 poor-risk patients (performance score 2, 3, or prior chemotherapy) with progression times of 3, 3.2, and 9.6+ months. For all patients, the median survival time was 4.2 months. One half of the patients were observed to have progressive disease within one month of commencing treatment. Responding metastatic lesions were limited to soft tissue, although one patient also had a partial response of a lung nodule. The most substantial toxicities were moderate-to-severe myalgias (27%), nausea (33%), anorexia (47%), and fatigue (50%). Among the 22 patients with weight loss, the median was 2.3 kg (range, 0.6 to 8.4 kg). Hematologic and hepatic toxicity was transient and of little clinical significance. Our study indicates that rIFN-alpha A in the dose and schedule that we used is clinically tolerable and has antitumor activity in malignant melanoma. The response rate was similar to results observed in our previous study of a higher dose regimen.

DNA, Recombinant↗
PubMed1983

Primary leptomeningeal presentation of T-cell lymphoma. Report of a patient and review of the literature.

Although secondary leptomeningeal lymphoma is relatively common, primary leptomeningeal lymphoma is rare. We report a patient with the extremely unusual clinical and pathologic presentation of a primary T-cell lymphoma of the leptomeninges. Diagnosis was established by morphologic and immunologic studies of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain biopsy. The leptomeningeal lymphoma responded well to intrathecal chemotherapy and irradiation but the patient has severe residual motor paralysis. The clinical and pathological features of primary and secondary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma are reviewed in reference to this most unusual patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Systolic time interval recordings in rabbits with congestive cardiomyopathy induced by chronic anthracycline administration.

Systolic time interval recordings were performed serially on 104 healthy female New Zealand White rabbits and 51 rabbits with congestive heart failure (CHF) induced by chronic anthracycline drug therapy. The results were analyzed and the comparisons were made with studies of systolic time interval recordings of CHF in persons. In the rabbit, CHF is manifested by prolongation of the isovolumic contraction time, the preejection period (PEP), and by shortening of the left ventricular ejection time (LVET). The ratio of PEP/LVET was a sensitive indicator of left ventricular failure, with values in excess of 0.466 reflecting significant cardiac dysfunction at the 95% confidence level. The mean PEP/LVET = 0.337 +/- 0.66 in healthy rabbits and PEP/LVET = 0.502 +/- 0.075 in rabbits with CHF. The PEP index increased from 0.057 +/- 0.007 in healthy rabbits to 0.074 +/- 0.007 in rabbits with heart failure. The LVET index decreased from 0.173 +/- 0.007 in healthy rabbits to 0.166 +/- 0.010 in rabbits with CHF.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Systolic time interval recordings as a measure of cardiac function in the healthy rabbit: reference values.

Results of systolic time interval recordings obtained serially on 104 female New Zealand White rabbits were analyzed for reproducibility, variation with respect to changes in heart rate (HR), and interrelationship of the various systolic time intervals. A table of values for systolic time intervals in the healthy rabbit was constructed. The preejection period (PEP), left ventricular ejection time (LVET), and PEP/LVET ratio were 0.040 +/- 0.008 s, 0.119 +/- 0.014 s, and 0.337 +/- 0.066 respectively. The major systolic time intervals, PEP and LVET, varied with respect to HR according to the regression equations: PEP = 0.057--0.000078 HR and LVET = 0.175--0.000251 HR. The QS2 interval, S1S2 interval and isovolumic contraction time also varied with changes in HR.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Systolic time intervals: an effective measure of cardiac function in anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy of rabbits.

The laboratory rabbit appears to be an ideal animal model for the study of anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy in that it exhibits a cumulative, dose-related, histologically similar lesion to that seen in man treated with the same drug. Quantification of this cardiomypathy with respect to total cumulative drug dose has been limited to histologic criteria, a cumbersome method which necessitates killing the study animal. With the intent of adapting noninvasive cardiac function studies, previously proven in man, to the rabbit, serial systolic time interval measurements in normal control and adriamycin (ADM)-treated rabbits are simple, easily performed, and readily reproducible, and accurately reflect physiologic cardiac function. In the rabbit, PEP:LVET ratios greater than 0.447 indicate significant ventricular dysfunction and are consistently seen at cumulative doses of ADM greater than 300 mg/m2.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A phase II clinical trial of the combination mitomycin C, adriamycin, and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum in patients with advanced upper aerodigestive cancer.

Twenty-seven patients with assessable, regionally advanced, or metastatic upper aerodigestive cancer of diverse histology received a combination of mitomycin C, adriamycin, and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum. All patients had previously received extensive surgery and/or radiation therapy. We observed an overall 46% partial response rate (12/26). This included seven of 15 (47%) responders with squamous cell carcinoma. Six of those seven patients responded within the initial month of treatment. For all study participants, the median time to progression and survival was 3.8 months and 7.3 months, respectively. Moderate-to-severe nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and alopecia were the most common toxicities. Myelosuppression (WBC less than 4,100 cells/mm3) and thrombocytopenia (PLTS less than 130,000 cells/mm3) occurred in 100% and 71% of the 21 patients with nadir data recorded, respectively. There were no episodes of sepsis nor did we detect any meaningful impairment in renal function. This regimen is active in the previously treated head and neck cancer patient and can be conveniently administered on an outpatient basis with acceptable and manageable side effects.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Phase II clinical trial of the combination VP-16, bleomycin, and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum in patients with advanced upper aerodigestive squamous cell carcinoma.

Fifteen patients with advanced upper aerodigestive carcinomas of squamous cell histology received the three-agent cytotoxic regimen of VP-16, bleomycin, and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) administered as a continuous 120-h infusion. The objective response rate was 40%. Median times to progression and survival were 3.2 months and 4.3 months, respectively. Hematologic and gastrointestinal toxicities were relatively transient and manageable. Our experience indicates that this three-drug program does not offer a substantial therapeutic advantage compared with more conventional single agent cytotoxic approaches for advanced head and neck cancer.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Activated Alzheimer disease platelets retain more beta amyloid precursor protein.

Upon activation, platelet alpha-granules' soluble contents are secreted and membrane-bound contents are translocated to the plasma membrane. Membrane-bound proteins include the beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) from which the beta-amyloid (A beta) deposits found surrounding the cerebrovasculature of patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) may originate. We show here that activated platelets from AD patients exhibit less APP processing, retain more of the protein on their surface, and secrete less as soluble fragments than do controls. Surface labeling demonstrated that there is little APP or CD62 on the surface of resting platelets. Upon activation, control platelets exhibited more of both proteins on their surface, while advanced AD patients exhibited similar amounts of CD62 as controls, but retained significantly more surface APP. AD platelets secreted similar amounts of most soluble alpha-granule contents as controls, but less APP fragments. Together these results suggest a processing defect that may account for greater deposition of A beta-containing products in the vasculature to which activated platelets adhere.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Moderate and advanced Alzheimer's patients exhibit platelet activation differences.

We previously reported that platelets from advanced sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients exhibit two defects: first, an aberrant signal transduction presenting as a thrombin-induced hyperacidification, which is more severe for donors with the apolipoprotein E4 allele (apoE4), and second, an AD-specific Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) processing defect that presents as retention of APP on the activated platelets' surface and in independent of the apo E allele. This retention of membrane APP correlates with decreased release of soluble APP. To determine at what stage in the disease progression these defects appear, we performed signal transduction and secretion studies on moderate AD patients. Thrombin-activated platelets from these patients do not exhibit either hyperacidification or APP retention; their APP processing and secretion are normal by Western blotting, suggesting that the two platelet defects appear in the advanced stages of AD.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Marker rhythmometry with macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF).

In a patient with a debulked müllerian adenocarcinoma involving the ovary, an elevated serum concentration of macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) (5.3 ng/ml) was lowered into the range of the age- and gender-matched controls by a 24-hour infusion of 135 mg/m2 of taxol, as was a Ca125 of 1480 U/ml by three such taxol courses given at 3-week intervals (to 14 U/ml). A downward trend of M-CSF in serum with an about-14-hour ultradian modulation during the first chemotherapy course resembles that of the concomitantly assessed Ca125. A decreasing trend modulated by an about-half-weekly component is found in M-CSF of fractionated urines collected at spontaneous voidings around the clock for 5 days. M-CSF may serve as a chronobiologic marker for optimizing, on an individualized basis, 1) the infradian scheduling of chemotherapy courses and 2) the ultradian-circadian within-course time patterns. Timing based on markers of the anticancer effect aims at teh as-yet unattained transfer from rodent to human of cancer cures that were not previously feasible without chronobiologic considerations. This goal can be pursued with M-CSF as well as Ca125 and UGP as possibly complementary chronobiologic markers in a chronotherapy trial with taxol in humans.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Phase II study of recombinant alfa-2a interferon in patients with advanced bone sarcomas.

Twenty previously treated patients with advanced bone sarcomas received thrice weekly im 50 X 10(6) IU/m2 doses of human alfa-interferon (interferon alfa-2a, recombinant; Roche). Seventeen patients had metastatic osteosarcomas and one each had fibrosarcoma, mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Two patients with osteosarcoma and the one with malignant fibrous histiocytoma experienced objective partial tumor regression for 1, 3, and 2 months, respectively. Fever, anorexia, myalgia, fatigue, lethargy, and moderate myelosuppression were observed commonly, and some patients developed mild nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. No patient withdrew because of toxicity and no dose reductions were necessary except adjustments for changes in body surface area secondary to weight loss.

Bone Neoplasms↗