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Biomedical subjects

H J Olander

Publications and source records attributed to H J Olander.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

The pathogenesis of porcine rectal stricture. I. The naturally occurring disease and its association with salmonellosis.

Rectal stricture occurred in each of 23 pigs submitted for necropsy from eight Indiana farms. Each stricture was an annular cicatrization of the rectal wall, 2.0-5.0 cm anterior to the anorectal junction. Emaciation, colonic dilatation and compression atrophy of abdominal and thoracic viscera were a result of chronic obstipation and inanition. Most pigs with strictures had severe enteric disease 4-8 weeks before the strictures occurred. Salmonella typhimurium was isolated from seven of the eight groups of pigs examined. Ulcerative proctitis, a possible precursor of rectal stricture, was frequently in pigs with enterocolitis caused by S. typhimurium.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The pathogenesis rectal stricture. II. Experimental salmonellosis and ischemic proctitis.

Experimentally induced oral Salmonella typhimurium infection in pigs resulted in a severe, prolonged enterocolitis with ulcerative proctitis a constant feature. Healed lesions were annular cicatricial ulcers in the part of the rectum affected with rectal strictures. Strictures indistinguishable from the naturally occurring lesion were produced by injecting chlorpromazine into the cranial hemorrhoidal artery of three pigs. Dye injected into the cranial hemorrhoidal artery perfused the entire rectum in normal pigs, but in pigs with either rectal stricture or salmonella proctitis the dye halted at the cranial margin of the transverse mucosal defect. The predilection of rectal stricture and its proposed precursor, salmonella ulcerative proctitis, for the middle third of the rectum was attributed to a normally precarious arterial supply which renders the rectum unusually susceptible to ischemic injury and decreases its reparative capacity.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Neurologic disease in naturally occurring Salmonella choleraesuis infection in pigs.

A granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis was seen in 17 feeder pigs submitted for diagnostic evaluation from eight farms. Vasculitis and destructive microgranulomas were widespread in both brain and spinal cord. Occasionally there were microabscesses. Salmonella choleraesuis var. kunzendorf was isolated from six of the eight groups, and there were lesions of acute salmonellosis in all animals examined. In three of the affected herds the principal disease manifestation was neurologic.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

A study of swine dysentery by immunofluorescence and histology.

Twenty-six specific-pathogen-free pigs were fed pure cultures of Treponema hyodysenteriae. Five untreated pigs were controls. Distribution of this large spirochete in pigs with swine dysentery was shown by the indirect fluorescent antibody technique. Findings by this method were compared with those from dark-field examination of colonic mucosal scrapings and from tissue sections. The cultures caused mucohemorrhagic colitis which by 10 days after inoculation was indistinguishable from the colitis of swine dysentery. Control pigs remained normal. Pigs killed when spirochetes were first seen in the feces had normal colonic mucosa with only a few spirochetes. At the first sign of diarrhea, however, the colonic mucosa was thicker than normal and had many spirochetes. T. hyodysenteriae was confined to regions of hypertrophy and exudation of the large intestine mucosa throughout the course of disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Tyzzer's disease in a dog.

A 5-week-old mixed-breed dog was examined because of emaciation and depression associated with chronic anorexia, diarrhea, and vomiting. Its rectal temperature was subnormal and it died on the day of admission. At necropsy, small focal lesions were distributed through the liver. Enteric alterations included catarrhal enteritis with fluid contents, excess production of mucus, and mucosal hyperemia. Microscopically, the hepatic lesions were disseminated foci of coagulative necrosis, with little or no associated inflammatory cell response. Numerous organisms morphologically consistent with Bacillus piliformis were demonstrated within viable hepatocytes at the periphery of the necrotic foci and in the intestinal mucosa. Numerous coccidial forms were found within the epithelial cells of the intestinal mucosa, which was focally necrotic.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The significance of the serotype in the clinical and pathological features of naturally occurring porcine salmonellosis.

Salmonellosis was the diagnosis in 63 of 327 consecutive porcine necropsy accessions during a one year period in Indiana, an incidence four to ten times that previously reported in other areas. A herd outbreak was usually either a septicemic disease characterized by sudden mortality. Little overlap between these two syndromes were seen. Animals dying with the septicemic form usually yielded Salmonella choleraesuis var. kunzendorf on culture. Salmonella typhimurium was the usual isolate from cases of enteric salmonellosis. Oral inoculation of SPF pigs with S. typhimurium resulted in a disease similar to naturally occurring enteric salmonellosis. The pathology of porcine salmonellosis due to S. typhimurium is described.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Efficacy and safety of selenium-vitamin E injections in newborn pigs to prevent subclinical deficiency in growing swine.

Seventy-eight newborn pigs were allotted to 4 treatment groups: 22 pigs in group A were given no selenium-vitamin E (Se-E), 22 pigs in group B were given small doses of Se-E, 22 pigs in group C were given medium doses of Se-E, and 12 pigs in group D were given large doses of Se-E. Pigs were intramuscularly injected before 7 days of age and at weaning (40 days of age), respectively, as follows: group A--1 ml of physiologic saline solution/pig each time, group B--0.25 mg of Se/pig and later 0.06 mg of Se/kg of body weight, group C--1.0 mg of Se/pig and later 0.24 mg of Se/kg, and group D--1.5 mg of Se/pig and later 0.72 mg of Se/kg. Selenium was supplied as sodium selenite in commercially available Se-E injectable compounds. From 2 weeks of age to weaning, the pigs were fed a corn-torula yeast creep feed containing Se at the concentration of 0.03 ppm, and from weaning to slaughter, a corn-soybean meal ration was fed containing Se at the concentration of 0.07 ppm and alpha-tocopherol at the concentration of 15.7 mg/kg. Subclinical Se-E deficiency developed in control pigs of group A and was characterized by subtle muscular stiffness, significant increases in plasma activities of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) and creatine phosphokinase (CPK), and typical residual lesions in heart and skeletal muscle, but not in liver, at slaughter at 165 days of age. Pigs injected with Se-E did not develop these evidences of subclinical deficiency. Pigs in group D were stunted for several weeks after the 2nd Se-E injection, and plasma GOT and CPK activities were significantly increased at 3 weeks after injection. Growth rates were otherwise similar between groups. Significant difference in Se content of liver, muscle, serum, and hair was not seen between pigs in the 4 groups at 120 and 165 days of age. A test period of physical exertion and heat stress resulted in significant increase of plasma GOT and CPK activities in 4 of 8 pigs at 110 days of age.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1975

Swine dysentery: pathogenicity of Treponema hyodysenteriae.

When pure cultures of Treponema hyodysenteriae were orally inoculated into pigs, severe disease characteristic of swine dysentery developed. Less severe lesions were produced by oral inoculation of infective minced colon. Noninoculated pigs were used as controls. Inoculations of surgically isolated porcine colonic loops with either pure cultures or infective minced colon produced lesions only in the injected loop; the adjacent noninjected colon remained normal. Pigs and other experimental animals, including rabbits, guinea pigs, and mice, inoculated with washed cultures by various parenteral routes remained normal.

Administration, Oral↗