Biomedical subjects
H J Oyer
Publications and source records attributed to H J Oyer.
Ear disease in developing countries: a proposal.
An overview if presented of the prevalence of ear disease and hearing loss in some developing countries. This is followed by a discussion of the causative factors in ear disease and related hearing impairment. General suggestions are made concerning steps that can be taken to reduce ear disease. A specific proposal is made for the training of audiological assistants.
Ratings of vocal pleasantness and the aging process.
In response to the questions raised at the outset, the following summary statements can be made: (1) Listeners were reliable in making pleasantness judgments. All listening groups were reliable, but the two older listening age-groups had the highest correlation coefficients. (2) Speakers were judged as less pleasant as their age levels increased. (3) Young listeners made judgments nearer the unpleasant end of the scale than did the older listeners. (4) Male speakers were judged as more pleasant than were female speakers. (5) Female listeners rated speakers as being more pleasant than did the male listeners.
International Collegium of Rehabilitative Audiology.
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Audiological rehabilitation of older people: visual and vibrotactile considerations.
This paper discusses the peripheral and central visual and tactile pathways with respect to the diminishing integrity of the ageing nervous system. This discussion is based upon extant data derived from investigators in vision and vibrotactile sensation. The purpose in examining these investigations is to ascertain the problems associated with the use of vision and vibrotactile stimulation in the auditory rehabilitation of older people. Speed of processing and simultaneous use of pathways are factors to be considered carefully in order not to contribute to perceptual confusions. The writers hypothesize that the rehabilitative audiologist, when using the visual and tactile pathways of older patients for language processing is confronted with difficulties that are often encountered when using the auditory pathway in the presence of central auditory ageing effects. In view of the implications of the research findings in vision and vibrotactile sensation, suggestions are made to those professionals who work with older hearing-impaired people.
Temporal aspects of speech and the aging process.
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Methods of training deaf children to comprehend the passive voice.
Four variations of programmed filmstrips were shown to deaf children to improve comprehension of the passive voice. The design included two training strategies that treated the passive voice either as a unitary structure or as a contrast to the active voice. Within strategies two orders of training were compared for the various types of passive sentences: (nonreversible, reversible, agent-deleted) and (agent-deleted, nonreversible, reversible). Six filmstrips were constructed for the two strategies and three types of passive. Evaluation tests were administered before, immediately after, and three months following training. Forty deaf children were selected from two age ranges, 9 to 12 and 13 to 16 years. Within age groups 10 subjects served under each of the four strategy-order conditions. Evaluation tests consisted of a multiple choice picture-sentence matching test and a performance test in which subjects acted out six passive sentences using toys. Performance test scores increased significantly after training and surpassed pretraining after three months. Highest scores were achieved on nonreversible passives followed by reversible and agent-deleted passives. Reversal of agent and object was the most frequent error. Strategy and order differences were not significant.
Acupuncture as a treatment for sensorineural hearing loss.
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Letter: Reply to "speaker identification by speech spectrograms: some further observations".
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Lipreading performance as related to measurements of vision.
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Lipreading performance as related to measurements of vision.
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Auditory training and speech discrimination.
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Factors influencing the identification of English sounds in lipreading.
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The effects of duration, frequency, and loudness upon the reproduction of temporal intervals.
Subjects (five normal hearing graduate students in the Department of Audiology) were asked to reproduce temporal intervals of 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 sec. The intervals were filled with pure tones at frequencies of 250, 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz and at loudness levels of 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 phons. The reproductions were transformed into the ratio DT/T, where DT represents the difference-time between the stimulus duration and the duration of the reproduction, and T represents the stimulus duration. It was found that neither frequency nor loudness had any significant effect upon the ability to reproduce the durations. The only significant variable was duration. There were no significant interactions among the variables. On the average, the durations of 1 and 3 sec were overestimated and the durations of 7 and 9 sec were overestimated. The duration of 5 sec was neither overestimated nor underestimated, the indifference point falling at 4.90 sec.