PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H J Son

Publications and source records attributed to H J Son.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Nonsurgical treatment of abdominal or pelvic abscess in consecutive patients with Crohn's disease.

BACKGROUND: There is little agreement about the efficacy of nonsurgical treatment for abscess associated with Crohn's disease. Furthermore, there is no study on characteristics of abscess or patient that nonsurgical treatment could be worth trying as initial treatment. AIMS: To evaluate the outcome of nonsurgical treatment in Crohn's disease-related abscess and identify factor leading to failure of nonsurgical treatment of this complication. PATIENTS: Twenty-four patients, who consecutively admitted for Crohn's disease-related abscess to our institution during a 7-year period, underwent nonsurgical treatment as initial therapy. METHODS: Outcome data such as recurrence and intractability, and clinical features were retrospectively analysed. Univariate analysis with patient-related factors and abscess-related factors was performed for risk factor identification. RESULTS: Median follow-up period was 47.5 months. Of the eligible patients, 19 patients were treated medically and 5 patients underwent percutaneous catheter drainage with medical treatment. Overall success rate of nonsurgical treatment in our centre was 66.7%. The cumulative recurrence rate at 7 months was 12.5%. All recurrences occurred within 7 months from complete resolution on follow-up imaging. Univariate analysis showed that the significant factors which lead to failure of nonsurgical treatment were presence of associated fistula and concurrent steroid use (P=0.019 and P=0.019, respectively). CONCLUSION: Nonsurgical treatment can be considered as initial treatment modality for the Crohn's disease-related abscess without concurrent steroid therapy or relevant fistula.

Abdominal Abscess↗
PubMed2006

Monitoring of coagulation performance and determination of coagulant dosage using a pilot in-line filter.

A rapid method using the pilot in-line filter to detect any change in coagulation performance was a proposed in this study. This method attempted to detect a change in coagulant dosage and mixing intensity by evaluating the filtrate quality of the in-line filter, which took the rapidly mixed water. Since the response time of this method was less than 10 min, it could be valuable to monitor the coagulation performance. The in-line filter was found more useful without underdrain. The in-line filter was more sensitive to a change in filtrate quality without underdrain than with underdrain. A new method, which combines a jar test with the in-line filter, was proposed to determine the coagulant dosage. This method reflected the actual plant situation more accurately than a jar test.

Aluminum Hydroxide↗
PubMed2005

Characteristics of submucosal gastric carcinoma with lymph node metastatic disease.

AIM: To study the correlation between lymph node metastatic disease and various pathological parameters. Lymph node metastasis is the most important factor in determining the prognosis of patients with early gastric cancer and is significantly associated with the submucosal invasion of neoplastic cells. However, the depth of submucosal layer as well as the depth of submucosal tumour invasion varies among different cases. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied various pathological parameters including the macroscopic appearance, location, size, area, differentiation, invasion depth, vascularity and fibrosis of submucosal gastric carcinomas (SMGC), using 248 age- and sex-matched tissue samples. The presence of lymphatic emboli, a larger area, greater size, a non-flat gross type and an increased vascularity of the tumour were significantly associated with node-positive SMGC. Among the three depth-related parameters, the ocular scale measurement, the sm3 method and the sm2 method, only the ocular scale measurement showed a significant correlation with node-positive SMGC. Using multivariate analysis, the incidence of lymph node metastasis increased in the lymphatic tumour emboli and in the tumours that invaded more than half of the submucosal layer. CONCLUSIONS: These histological indicators seem to be a feasible and easy way to predict lymph node metastatic disease from limited surgery specimens. Pathologists should carefully investigate the lymphatic invasion of tumour cells and measure the invasion depth of the tumour.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Colonoscopic manifestations of typhoid fever with lower gastrointestinal bleeding.

BACKGROUND: Intestinal bleeding in patients with typhoid fever usually occurs in the ileum. However, endoscopic findings in such patients are not well established. We examined the colonoscopic manifestations of intestinal lesions with bleeding in patients with typhoid fever. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The colonoscopic findings of seven patients who presented with haematochezia due to typhoid fever were reviewed retrospectively. Typhoid fever was diagnosed when the Salmonella typhi was isolated or when the Widal test showed strongly positive reactions. RESULTS: Clinical data and colonoscopic findings were reviewed in seven patients (four men and three women with an average age of 42 years). The most commonly involved area was the terminal ileum (100%), followed by the ileocecal valve (57%), the ascending colon (43%), and the transverse colon (29%). Left colon was intact in all cases. The most common colonoscopic finding was multiple variable-sized punched-out ulcers with slightly elevated margin, as found in five patients. In two patients, only several oedematous hyperaemic mucosal patches with haemorrhagic spots or shallow erosions were seen. Active bleeding was noticed only in one patient, who received endoscopic haemostasis twice. The remaining six patients were treated by conservative treatment including antibiotic therapy. There was no complication during or after the colonoscopic examination. CONCLUSIONS: Intestinal bleeding in typhoid fever usually occurs from the ulcers in the ileum or proximal colon, and the most common colonoscopic manifestations are multiple variable-sized punched-out ulcerations.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Characteristics of intramucosal gastric carcinoma with lymph node metastatic disease.

AIM: Recent trends in treatment strategy for early gastric cancer (EGC) are towards minimal surgical procedures, such as endoscopic mucosal resection and laparoscopic partial resection. There is a possibility of incomplete removal of regional lymph nodes in minimal procedures, which may subsequently decrease the chance of a cure. Therefore, it is essential to be able to predict lymph node status and to make careful selection of candidates for mucosal resection. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied the relationship between lymph node status and various pathological parameters including macroscopic appearance, location, size, differentiation, presence of ulceration, vascularity, presence of gastritis cystica profunda-like glandular proliferation, disruption of the muscularis mucosae and invasion into the muscularis mucosae, using age- and sex-matched samples of 40 node-positive and 80 node-negative tumours to define the characteristics of intramucosal EGCs. Histological differentiation (P < 0.001), increased submucosal vascularity (P < 0.05), breakdown of the muscularis mucosae (P < 0.05), and invasion of tumour cells into the muscularis mucosae (P < 0.05) were correlated with the lymph node status of intramucosal gastric carcinoma. Furthermore, diffuse type histology (P < 0.001) and deep invasion into the muscularis mucosae (P < 0.05) were indicators of node-positive intramucosal EGCs. CONCLUSIONS: These histological indicators are easily accessible and seem to predict lymph node metastatic disease in limited surgical specimens. Patients should be carefully selected despite the recent trend toward less invasive resection of EGCs, especially for those apparently confined to the mucosa.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Increased risk of peristomal wound infection after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in patients with diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND: Results of prospective studies on the effect of prophylactic antibiotics before percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy are conflicting. Factors for increased risk of peristomal wound infection have not been clearly identified. AIM: To evaluate the incidence of complications of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and to determine the predictors of wound infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy was performed on 134 patients in different disease groups between January 1996 and June 2000. Medical records were carefully reviewed for demographic data, indications for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, use of prophylactic antibiotics, complications and comorbid conditions predisposing to wound infection. RESULTS: Of 134 patients, 22 (16.4%) developed complications after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy Wound infection, the most common complication, occurred in 19 patients (14.2%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequently isolated microorganism. In univariate analysis, non-malignant disease and diabetes mellitus were significantly associated with peristomal wound infection after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. In multivariate analysis, only diabetes mellitus was an independent risk factor for the development of peristomal wound infection after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (p = 0.035) CONCLUSIONS: Patients with diabetes mellitus have a higher risk of peristomal wound infection after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy.

Diabetes Complications↗
PubMed2002

Long-term stress and Helicobacter pylori infection independently induce gastric mucosal lesions in C57BL/6 mice.

BACKGROUND: Long-term psychological stresses may have a role in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer. However, the interaction between stress and Helicobacter pylori infection in the development of peptic ulcer is not established. The aim of this study was to elucidate the roles of long-term stress and H. pylori infection in the development of gastric mucosal lesions in mice. METHODS: The Sydney strain (SS1) of H. pylori was inoculated into the stomach of C57BL/J6 mice. Twelve weeks later, mice with or without H. pylori infection were exposed to long-term repeated water-immersion-restraint stress (WIRS) for 12 h per day, 3 times per week, for 8 weeks. Gastric mucosal lesions were evaluated both macroscopically (ulcer index) and microscopically (Updated Sydney System). RESULTS: The long-term WIRS induced mild inflammation, oedema, interstitial haemorrhage and superficial erosions in the stomach of mice both with and without H. pylori infection. The degree of mucosal inflammation or atrophy in H. pylori-infected mice was not influenced by the stress. In the mice without H. pylori infection, the ulcer index of the stressed mice was greater than that of non-stressed mice (1.66 +/- 0.39 versus 0.17 +/- 0.08, P = 0.007). In the mice with H. pylori infection, the ulcer index (mean +/- s(x)) of the stressed mice was also greater than that of non-stressed mice (2.31 +/- 0.59 versus 0.64 +/- 0.22, P = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that long-term stress can induce gastric mucosal inflammation and erosions, and this effect may occur independently of H. pylori infection.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Optimization of fermentation conditions for the production of bacterial cellulose by a newly isolated Acetobacter sp. A9 in shaking cultures.

The optimum fermentation conditions for the production of cellulose by a newly isolated Acetobacter sp. A9 were determined by shaken cultures. The strain was able to produce cellulose at 25-30 degrees C with a maximum at 30 degrees C. Cellulose production occurred at pH 4.5-7.5 with a maximum at pH 6.5. The improved medium composition was 4% (w/v) glucose, 0.1% (w/v) yeast extract, 0.7% (w/v) polypeptone and 0.8% (w/v) Na(2)HPO(4).12H(2)O. Under these culture conditions, 3.8 g/l cellulose was produced after 7 days of cultivation, although this strain produced only 2.2 g/l in the standard medium. The addition of ethanol to the improved medium enhanced cellulose production: in an improved medium containing 1.4% (v/v) ethanol, cellulose production was 15.2 g/l, which was about four times higher than that without ethanol. Addition of ethanol was found to eliminate the spontaneous mutation of Acetobacter sp. A9.

Acetobacter↗
PubMed2001

Inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in gastroduodenal diseases infected with Helicobacter pylori.

BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized enzymatically from L-arginine by NO synthase, which is measured by inducible NO synthase (iNOS). Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection produces a state of chronic immunostimulation in the gastric epithelium. Infection with cagA+ H. pylori has greater degree of gastric inflammation and epithelial cell damage. Therefore, we compared the levels of iNOS in patients with H. pylori infection in relation to cagA status and H. pylori-related disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and seven patients, including 51 patients with gastric cancer, 12 patients with gastric ulcer, 18 patients with duodenal ulcer and 26 patients with chronic gastritis, were enrolled in this study. Biopsies from the antrum and body were obtained for histologic examination, culture and reverse transcriptionase-PCR (RT-PCR) for detection of iNOS gene expression. The presence of H. pylori was confirmed by Giemsa staining or culture and the gene expression of cagA in H. pylori isolates was confirmed by PCR. RESULTS: H. pylori infection was detected in 70.1% (75/107) and cagA was detected in 84.8% (28/33). iNOS expression was detected in 49.5% (53/107) and there was no significant difference in iNOS expression according to H. pylori infection nor the cagA status in the gastroduodenal diseases. However, iNOS expression was more frequently detected in gastric cancer than the other H. pylori-related diseases (64.7% vs. 35.7%, p <.05). CONCLUSION: Although NO was thought be involved in the gastric carcinogenesis, the level of NO production was not related to H. pylori infection or cagA status.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Risk factors suggesting malignant transformation of gastric adenoma: univariate and multivariate analysis.

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Since gastric adenomas are precancerous lesions, polypectomy is necessary. However, there have been no reports suggesting factors capable of predicting malignant transformation of gastric adenomas removed by endoscopic snare polypectomy (ESP) or endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) in Korea, a country in which gastric cancer is a major problem. The aim of this paper was to elucidate the risk factors suggesting malignant transformation of gastric adenomas removed by ESP or EMR at our center. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between November 1994 and June 1999, 118 gastric adenomas diagnosed on the basis of endoscopy and histological examinations of the forceps biopsy specimens obtained were treated by ESP or EMR at our department. Factors capable of predicting malignancy were searched for in the endoscopy reports, still photographs, and histopathological findings. RESULTS: Eight of the 118 adenomas ultimately proved to have malignant foci. In the univariate analysis, four of the variables studied--location, histological type, surface redness, and degree of dysplasia--had a statistically significant relationship with malignant transformation. In the multivariate analysis, only the degree of dysplasia had a statistically significant relationship with malignant transformation. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that a diagnosis of high-grade dysplasia in forceps biopsy material should be considered an absolute indication for ESP or EMR.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2001

The effect of sildenafil on lower esophageal sphincter and body motility in normal male adults.

OBJECTIVE: Sildenafil relaxes smooth muscle by blocking type 5 phosphodiesterase, which destroys nitric oxide-stimulated cyclic guanosine monophosphate. The aim of this study is to investigate the change of lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and body motility with the lapse of time after sildenafil infusion in normal male adults. METHODS: After basal esophageal manometry in eight healthy male adult volunteers, we infused a 50-mg tablet of sildenafil dissolved in water in the stomach through the manometry catheter and observed the changes of LES and body motility with the lapse of time. We randomized the study population into two groups, and esophageal manometry was repeated in LES and body sequence in four volunteers and in body and LES sequence in the other four volunteers immediately after sildenafil infusion. RESULTS: LES resting pressure significantly decreased after sildenafil infusion. The body peristaltic amplitude gradually decreased and eventually disappeared, and the latency increased significantly after sildenafil infusion in both the proximal and distal esophagus. CONCLUSIONS: These data support that nitric oxide mediates LES relaxation and the timing of esophageal peristalsis. In the future, sildenafil can be tried in some esophageal motor disorders, which have defects in nitric oxide neuromuscular communication.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

An increased rectal maximum tolerable volume and long anal canal are associated with poor short-term response to biofeedback therapy for patients with anismus with decreased bowel frequency and normal colonic transit time.

PURPOSE: Biofeedback is an effective therapy for a majority of patients with anismus. However, a significant proportion of patients still failed to respond to biofeedback, and little has been known about the factors that predict response to biofeedback. We evaluated the factors associated with poor response to biofeedback. METHODS: Biofeedback therapy was offered to 45 patients with anismus with decreased bowel frequency (less than three times per week) and normal colonic transit time. Any differences in demographics, symptoms, and parameters of anorectal physiologic tests were sought between responders (in whom bowel frequency increased up to three times or more per week after biofeedback) and nonresponders (in whom bowel frequency remained less than three times per week). RESULTS: Thirty-one patients (68.9 percent) responded to biofeedback and 14 patients (31.1 percent) did not. Anal canal length was longer in nonresponders than in responders (4.53 +/- 0.5 vs. 4.08 +/- 0.56 cm; P = 0.02), and rectal maximum tolerable volume was larger in nonresponders than in responders. (361 +/- 87 vs. 302 +/- 69 ml; P = 0.02). Anal canal length and rectal maximum tolerable volume showed significant differences between responders and nonresponders on multivariate analysis (P = 0.027 and P = 0.034, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that a long anal canal and increased rectal maximum tolerable volume are associated with poor short-term response to biofeedback for patients with anismus with decreased bowel frequency and normal colonic transit time.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Evaluation of individual symptoms cannot predict presence of gastric hypersensitivity in functional dyspepsia.

Recently, the concept of gastric hypersensitivity was introduced as an important factor in the pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia (FD), but it is unclear which symptoms can predict the presence of gastric hypersensitivity. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship between common symptoms of FD and various parameters measured by gastric barostat in FD patients. Gastric barostat tests were performed in 64 FD patients and 20 healthy control subjects without gastrointestinal symptoms. Individual symptoms such as early satiety, postprandial fullness, sense of delayed emptying, nausea, vomiting, and epigastric soreness were collected and graded as mild to severe. Basal tone, gastric compliance, and postprandial receptive relaxation were similar in controls and patients, the threshold of abdominal discomfort was lower in FD patients than in controls (8.9 +/- 3.6 mm Hg and 14.5 +/- 3.7 mm Hg, respectively, P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the threshold of abdominal discomfort according to the severity of individual symptoms. In conclusion, a simple evaluation of individual symptoms could not predict the presence of gastric hypersensitivity.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Inhibitors of nitric oxide synthesis and TNF-alpha expression from Magnolia obovata in activated macrophages.

Nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) are the major mediators produced in activated macrophages which contribute to the circulatory failure associated with septic shock. An activity-guided fractionation of an MeOH extract of stem bark of Magnolia obovata afforded two inhibitors of NO production in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-activated macrophages by the suppression of i-NOS expression. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods to be magnolol and honokiol with IC50 values of 16.8 and 6.4 microM, respectively. They also inhibited the production of TNF-alpha in LPS-activated macrophages. Thus, these compounds may be possible candidates for the development of new drugs to treat endotoxemia accompanied by the overproduction of NO and TNF-alpha.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

A sesquiterpene, dehydrocostus lactone, inhibits the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and TNF-alpha in LPS-activated macrophages.

Nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) are the major mediators produced in activated macrophages which contribute to the circulatory failure associated with septic shock. A sesquiterpene lactone compound (dehydrocostus lactone) isolated from the medicinal plant, Saussurea lappa, inhibited the production of NO in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 cells by suppressing inducible nitric oxide synthase enzyme expression. This compound also decreased the TNF-alpha level in LPS-activated systems in vitro and in vivo. Thus, dehydrocostus lactone may be a possible candidate for the development of new drugs to treat endotoxemia accompanied by the overproduction of NO and TNF-alpha.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

The etiologic role of gastric hypersensitivity in functional dyspepsia in Korea.

To evaluate the role of gastric hypersensitivity and the relationship between gastric hypersensitivity and delayed gastric emptying in Korean functional dyspepsia (FD) patients, the authors performed gastric barostat and gastric emptying scintigraphy in 64 FD patients and compared these results with those of control subjects. Basal tones and gastric compliance were similar in control subjects and patients. However, threshold of abdominal discomfort was lower in FD patients than in control subjects (8.9 +/- 3.6 mmHg and 14.5 +/- 3.7 mmHg respectively; p < 0.05). Twenty-four of 64 patients (37.5%) experienced abdominal discomfort at a pressure less than 7 mmHg above minimal distending pressure (corresponding to the 95th percentile of normal values). Half time of solid-phase gastric emptying in patients and control subjects was not significantly different. Twenty-three of 64 patients (35.9%) had delayed gastric emptying compared with control subjects (normal ranges were mean +/- two standard deviations in control subjects). Thresholds of abdominal discomfort were not significantly different in patients with and without delayed gastric emptying (9.3 +/- 4.0 mL/mmHg vs. 8.6 +/- 3.3 mL/mmHg). There were also no significant differences in the proportion of patients with delayed gastric emptying between patients with and without gastric hypersensitivity. In conclusion, gastric hypersensitivity plays an important role in FD, and the presence of gastric hypersensitivity was not related to the presence of delayed gastric emptying.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1999

Lack of association of Helicobacter pylori infection with gastric hypersensitivity or delayed gastric emptying in functional dyspepsia.

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the relationship between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and gastric sensitivity to distention or gastric emptying rate to define the role of H. pylori in the pathogenesis of functional dyspepsia. METHODS: Gastric barostat, gastric emptying scintigraphy, and 13C urea breath test were performed in 34 consecutive patients with functional dyspepsia. RESULTS: Between H. pylori-positive and -negative patients with functional dyspepsia, there were no significant differences in basal tone (57.2 +/- 15.0 ml vs 66.8 +/- 18.3 ml), compliance (41.0 +/- 11.2 ml/mm Hg vs 38.2 +/- 11.8 ml/mm Hg), threshold of first sense (3.6 +/- 2.7 mm Hg vs 2.3 +/- 1.5 mm Hg), threshold of abdominal discomfort (9.4 +/- 4.0 mm Hg vs 7.3 +/- 1.9 mm Hg), and postprandial receptive relaxation (115.4 +/- 89.7 ml vs 99.0 +/- 88.7 ml), measured by gastric barostat. Half gastric emptying time (88.6 +/- 24.5 min vs 91.4 +/- 21.6 min) and retention rate at 120 min (32.8 +/- 17.8% vs 41.9 +/- 20.1%) were also similar between the two groups. CONCLUSION: H. pylori infection was not associated with gastric hypersensitivity to distention or delayed gastric emptying.

Abdominal Pain↗