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H J Zunft

Publications and source records attributed to H J Zunft.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[The microecological effect of human milk].

With mother's milk, in the colon a buffer system round pH 5 is dominating which consists of short chain organic acids and the corresponding anions. Thus, the activity of the microbial metabolism is retarded. The degradation of lactose remains maintained down to the faeces. With cow's milk, a neutral buffer system on the basis of phosphate, bicarbonate, and protein degradation products causes a rapid lactose degradation already in the upper colon. Putrefactive metabolites thereby released and absorbed burden the infant's still immature detoxifying capacity.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Ballast matter from a microecological viewpoint].

In a traditional sense, ballast matter means food constituents not attacked by digestion enzymes of macro-organism. Thus, they get to the hind-gut chemically unchanged. There they can be metabolised by microbes. Intestinal bacteria also utilize substances that are usually digestible and have escaped digestion within the small intestine, for various reasons. Such substances reveal the same effects as undigestible "classic" ballast matter. Therefore, from microecological-physiological aspects it is suggested to expand the term ballast matter by so-called "optional" or "potential" ballast matter (in the small intestine usually digestible but incompletely degraded nutriments) in addition to "obligatory" ballast matter (nutriments not digestible by indigene enzymes). In experiments with rats, microecological effects caused by the "optimal" ballast matter lactose are evidenced.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[A mathematical description of microecologic correlations].

Due to the diversity of microbiological interrelations results of animal experiments concerning the effect of nutrition factors on the microecological system in the intestinal tract are often difficulty to interpret. In order to reveal deeper correlations multivariate statistical methods particularly the non-linear multiple regression analysis are tried to use. First results show that correlations between nutrition factors and microecological signs of the colon content can be depict by quadratic polynoms, whereas for biochemical signs also a linear dependence appears possible.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[The degradation of lactose in the intestines of rats on human and cow's milk diets].

Female lactose adapted rats were kept for 10 days on human milk (HM), a milk diet adapted to human milk (MD1), and a milk diet rich in protein and phosphate (MD2), the lactose supply being always the same. In the caecum, colon and faeces, the pH value, the phosphorus content, the buffer capacity and the numbers of microorganisms with proteolytic activity (Bacteroides, Klebsiella, Proteus) were lower and the lactose concentration and the beta-galactosidase activity were higher on HM and MD1 than on MD2.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Use of the gnotobiotic rat for determination of the in vivo activity of Bifidobacterium beta-galactosidase].

Under the conditions of in vitro cultivation, the height of the beta-galactosidase activity of Bifidobacterium spec. is essentially influenced by the composition of the culture medium. The use of gnotobiotic (germ-free and monoassociated with Bifidobacterium longum) rats permitted to differentiate in the chyme between beta-galactosidase activities of mucosal and microbial origin. In germ-free animals, the chyme in the small intestine and the colon contains nearly 10-20% of the activity measured in the mucosa (in each case expressed as g on a wet-weight basis). Monoassociation with B. longum does not affect the lactose-splitting activity of the chyme in the small intestine, but increases the activity of the chyme in the colon to twice the value of the mucosal activity. In the monoassociated animals, feeding of lactose leads to a further multiple increase of the chymal beta-galactosidase activity in the caecum, colon and faeces.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[The influence of nutrition of Gram-negative anaerobes in the intestinal tract].

Concluding from the hitherto known results regarding nutritive influences on the intestinal microbial population, particularly the gramnegative flora, it was found that the human intestinal flora is maintained mainly by endogenous mechanisms. Furthermore, the postnatal intestinal flora shows a weaker stability than that of adults. Also in the period of infancy, influences on the gut flora are most efficient in case of changes within the milieu (ph EH etc.). Cause and importance of longitudinal alterations within the postnatal intestinal flora are obscure.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Digestion of maltitol in man, rat, and rabbit.

Maltitol is found to be enzymatically hydrolyzed by the small intestinal mucosa of man, rat, and rabbit and metabolized by everted sacs of rabbit intestine at a moderate rate. On in vivo perfusion of maltitol (15.3 mumol/min) through the small intestine, 19% of the sugar alcohol is digested by gnotobiotic rats. 120 min after stomach intubation of gnotobiotic rats, only 31% of the ingested maltitol is found in the ileum. A daily application of 35 g maltitol to 4 human beings does not influence the parameters of well-being, compatibility and fecal state. It is concluded that maltitol will be digested and utilized by man, rat, and rabbit.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Lactose and protein absorption from breast milk and cow's milk preparations and its influence on the intestinal flora. Investigations on two infants with an artificial anus.

Lactose and protein absorption from breast milk and a cow's milk preparation enriched up to 7% of lactose were studied in two infants with an artificial anus applied in the ascending colon region. The concentrations of protein, lactose, glucose and galactose were measured in the fistula stools. In addition, the stools were analysed microbiologically. There were relatively high concentrations of lactose and its decomposition products and low concentrations of protein and aminonitrogen in the fistula stools when breast milk was fed. When the cow's milk formula was applied, only traces of lactose but high amounts of protein were measured. The microbiological findings are in agreement with the hypothesis that the bacterial flora of the large intestine is influenced by the lactose and protein concentrations in the intestinal content which reach the large intestine.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Carob pulp preparation for treatment of hypercholesterolemia.

The lipid-lowering effect of a carob pulp preparation rich in insoluble dietary fiber and polyphenols was investigated in a noncomparative, open-label pilot study. Over 8 weeks, 47 volunteers with moderate hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol 232-302 mg/dL) consumed 15 g of carob per day in three products (breakfast cereal, fruit muesli bar, powdered drink) as a supplement to their regular diet. After 4 weeks, reductions of 7.1% in mean total cholesterol and 10.6% in LDL cholesterol were noted; respective decreases after 6 weeks were 7.8% and 12.2% (all P<.001). HDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels remained unchanged. Overall compliance was good. Only 3 volunteers (6%) reported a sensation of fullness, which led to 2 of the 3 dropouts. The carob preparation may have value in the dietary treatment of hypercholesterolemia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Does mutarotation influence lactose digestion? Experimental investigations and a mathematical model.

The nutrient lactose acts as a potential dietary fibre. Depending on the composition of diet, lactose can partially escape from digestion and absorption in the small intestine and is utilised by the colonic microflora. The suggested mechanism, i.e. different rates of enzymatic hydrolysis of the lactose anomers and an influence of food ingredients on lactose mutarotation, seems to be supported by experimental results. The Michaelis constant of the mucosal beta-galactosidase of rats is 14 mmol/l with alpha-lactose and 50 mmol/l with beta-lactose as substrates. During intestinal perfusion of human infants, alpha-lactose is digested at a significantly higher rate than beta-lactose. The mutarotation of lactose is influenced by general acid-base catalysis. Milk formulae containing a high concentration of weak-acid anions, e.g. cow milk which is rich in phosphate and citrate, accelerate mutarotation, but milk formulae with a low content of these anions do not. With these experimental results a mathematical model has been set up simulating lactose digestion in the small intestine of human infants and of rats. The data show that certain dietary components may influence the ratio between lactose anomers, but, surprisingly, they do not influence the amount of digested lactose.

Animals↗