PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Jacobsson

Publications and source records attributed to H Jacobsson.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Quantitative evaluation of four 99Tcm colloids for bone marrow scintigraphy using single photon emission computed tomography.

Colloids used for bone marrow scintigraphy are also taken up in the liver and spleen. The liver activity in particular hampers interpretation of the study. In this study, four small-sized commercial colloids labelled with 99Tcm were compared for bone marrow uptake relative to the liver, spleen and background activity. Three human albumin colloids (Microlite, E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co; Solco Nanocoll, Solco Nuclear; TCK-9, International CIS) and one antimony sulphide colloid (TechneScan Sb2S3, Mallinckrodt Diagnostics) were compared. The study was performed in patients routinely referred for liver/spleen scintigraphy who had a normal result. Each examination was carried out using single photon emission computed tomography. After correction for attenuation and scattering of photons, the activity of the bone marrow of the lumbar spine was related to the liver, spleen and background activity. The bone marrow/liver activity quotient of Solco Nanocoll and TCK-9 was almost twice the value for Microlite and TechneScan Sb2S3. The bone marrow/spleen quotient was almost four times higher and the bone marrow/background quotient almost twice as high for Solco Nanocoll as for the other three colloids, between which there were no significant differences.

Antimony↗
PubMed1990

Comparison of In-111 granulocytes and Tc-99m albumin colloid for bone marrow scintigraphy by the use of quantitative SPECT imaging.

A comparison of In-111 oxinate labeled autologous granulocytes and Tc-99m albumin colloid for bone marrow scintigraphy is reported. The aim of this report was to determine if the intense uptake in the liver and spleen with nano-sized colloids, which hampers the evaluation of the skeletal parts surrounding the liver, is reduced by the use of radiolabeled granulocytes. This study is based on a retrospective analysis of 19 abdominal tomographic examinations with In-111 granulocytes performed to detect septic foci. After correction for attenuation and scattering of photons was performed, the uptake in the bone marrow of the lumbar spine was seen to be related to the liver, spleen, and tissue background activity. The results in this study were compared with corresponding data from 20 normal liver/spleen tomographic examinations performed with Tc-99m nanocolloid, which is routinely used for bone marrow scintigraphy. The bone marrow/liver activity ratio for granulocytes varied, but it exceeded the corresponding mean ratio for colloid in all examinations. The mean values for granulocyte uptake 3 and 20 hours after injection was, respectively, about 6 and almost 10 times higher than were those for colloid. The activity ratios between bone marrow and spleen as well as between bone marrow and tissue background was not improved and or may even have been reduced by the use of granulocytes. It is suggested that granulocytes labeled in vitro by Tc-99m hexamethylpropylene amineoxime (HMPAO) or in vivo by monoclonal antigranulocyte antibodies may provide techniques for improved bone marrow imaging.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Thermography and plethysmography, a non-invasive alternative to venography in the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis.

One plethysmographic and two thermographic methods were evaluated against venography in 102 patients with suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Seventy-one patients had venographically verified DVT, which in 21 cases was restricted to the calf. Plethysmography (PG) gave a sensitivity and specificity of 63% and 94%, respectively. The former was influenced by a limited sensitivity of 14% in the sub-group with distal DVT. The sensitivity and specificity of temperature profiles (TP) were 87% and 39%, respectively, while the corresponding values for thermo-camera (TC) were 83% and 55%, respectively. Using a combined diagnostic approach of PG and TP, additional evaluation of posterior and lateral profiles and pattern recognition, 96% sensitivity and 81% specificity were reached. The combination of PG and TP will be an essential diagnostic complement when venography is not possible or inconclusive, as well as having a role in diagnostic screening in a large number of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Insufficiency fractures of the sacrum after radiotherapy for gynaecological malignancy.

An entity is described which is characterized by low back pain and increased radionuclide uptake in the sacrum at bone scintigraphy in postmenopausal women having received radiotherapy towards the pelvis because of gynaecological malignancy. The findings stimulate bone metastases, but are in all likelihood caused by insufficiency fractures of the sacrum promoted by bone weakness induced by postmenopausal osteoporosis and radiotherapy combined. The increased radionuclide activity has a characteristic appearance which in the fully developed fracture acquires the shape of an 'H'. In plain radiography, changes are absent or subtle. The proper complementary examination is CT, in which the fractures can be visualized and malignant changes excluded. Awareness of this benign entity is important to avoid overdiagnosis of bone metastases.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of gastric aspiration and HIDA scintigraphy in detecting fasting duodenogastric bile reflux.

Gastric aspiration and HIDA scintigraphy have been compared to assess duodenogastric bile reflux. Gastric aspiration was performed on two separate occasions with a total examination time of 3 h. The highest 1-h output and the highest concentration of bile acids were recorded. HIDA scintigraphy was carried out for 90 min after an injection of 60 MBq 99mTc-dimethyl-iminodiacetic acid (HIDA). Forty-six patients with different gastrointestinal disorders were studied; 24 patients were positive and 13 negative in both tests. Accordingly, the methods agreed in 37 to 46 patients (80.4%). It is concluded that gastric aspiration is as reliable as HIDA scintigraphy to assess fasting bile reflux.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Retrospective evaluation of single photon emission computed tomography of the liver.

Retrospective analysis, including indications for examination, of 335 consecutive liver examinations of adults with single photon emission computed tomography performed at the Karolinska Hospital during the first eight months of 1981 has been carried out. 85.1% of the investigations were performed in tumour patients. This group underwent retrospective evaluation specifically regarding space occupying lesions of the liver with a minimum follow-up time of 3 years. An adequate follow-up of 87.4% was achieved. The study showed a sensitivity of 82.7% and a specificity of 93.9%. The positive and negative predictive values were 78.2% and 95.4%, respectively. 4.4% of the examinations were regarded as equivocal. Compared to previously reported values for planar liver scintigraphy derived from several different studies, the tomographic technique produced no increase of specificity or positive predictive value but a higher total accuracy, probably due to better clarification of the hepatic anatomy. The false positive, false negative and equivocal diagnoses were analysed and reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Production of lactate and tissue plasminogen activator in vitro by seminiferous tubules obtained from adult unilaterally cryptorchid rats.

Pieces of seminiferous tubules obtained from adult unilaterally cryptorchid rats were incubated in vitro and the effect of FSH on the secretion of lactate and tissue-plasminogen activator (t-PA) was studied. Tubules from abdominal testes secreted less lactate than scrotal tubules. On the other hand, the basal secretion of t-PA was similar but the FSH-stimulated t-PA secretion was larger from abdominal than from scrotal tubules. These results indicate a more specific dysfunction of the Sertoli cells in cryptorchidism than earlier recognized.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1986

Results of surgical treatment for iliofemoral venous thrombosis.

The long-term results after venous thrombectomy combined with a temporary arteriovenous fistula were evaluated in 19 patients. Clinical status, isotope phlebography, venous occlusion plethysmography and foot volumetry were performed after a mean follow-up time of 38 months (range 13-75). The primary operation was successful in 17 of the 19 patients; the 2 remaining had chronic occlusions of their iliac veins. At the time of closure of the arteriovenous fistula, i.e. 3 months after thrombectomy, 14 patients had a patent iliac vein. At follow-up eight patients were considered to have a patent iliac vein, eight had a partial restitution and three had an occluded iliac vein. The group as a whole had no impaired venous emptying of the leg, but the small group of patients with occlusion at follow-up according to isotope phlebography seemed to have an impaired venous emptying. Foot volumetry showed only minor signs of valvular insufficiency, mainly in limbs with distal extension of the initial thrombus or only partial restitution of venous patency. A good long-term result can be expected after venous thrombectomy with a temporary arteriovenous fistula particularly in younger patients where the thrombosis is limited to the iliofemoral segment. This emphasizes the importance of early operation before distal extension of the thrombus occurs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

A new method for granulocyte labeling with technetium-99m: preliminary results in abscess detection.

A new method for 99mTc-labeling of granulocytes for clinical routine use has been developed. The labeling is simple to perform by means of a kit of radiopharmaceutical quality, utilizing dihydroxy-benzoic acid. Pretinning techniques are avoided. The technique has been applied clinically in 15 patients with indications of intra-abdominal abscess. In six patients, [99mTc]granulocyte scintigraphy at 3 hr and/or 24 hr after i.v. administration, correctly depicted the abscess, as verified by subsequent surgery. In the remaining patients, who were negative at surgery or recovered without operation, all scans were negative.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1985

Specific considerations in the interpretation of single-photon-emission computed tomography of the normal liver.

In our hospital, single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) has been routinely used instead of conventional scintigraphy in the examination of the liver and spleen in more than 3,000 patients. This technique is preferred because it provides more detailed information and better contrast resolution than planar views. However, using the SPECT technique, normal variations in liver anatomy are more apparent, and certain cases--in particular those with a wide main lobar fissure combined with a prominent gall bladder fossa as well as cases with a large hilus--may erroneously be interpreted as having a focal lesion. In order to facilitate the interpretation of SPECT examinations of the liver, the most common difficulties and pitfalls arising from normal variations in hepatic anatomy, indentations caused by surrounding organs and partial-volume effects are described and compared with the findings of corresponding transmission computed tomograms.

Colloids↗
PubMed1985

The thermographic pattern of the lower back with special reference to the sacro-iliac joints in health and inflammation.

The thermographic appearance of the sacro-iliac joints in health and in active inflammation has been established on the basis of 72 thermographic examinations of healthy volunteers and 82 examinations of patients with clinically and radiographically active disease. In the latter group a certain number of cases showed increased heat over the sacro-iliac joints. In addition to the heat patterns described, the main conclusion of the study is a certain variability of the normal thermal pattern, a basic experience of which is necessary for the optimal interpretation of a thermogram in suspected sacro-iliitis. Despite this variability, it is possible to recognize a standard heat pattern from which most heat patterns can be derived with more or less quantitative variations. One factor affecting the thermal pattern in a fairly constant way is the amount of subcutaneous fat.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1985

A method for combined quantitative pertechnetate and bone scintigraphy of the sacro-iliac joints.

A technique for combined quantitative bone and pertechnetate (perfusion) scintigraphy of the sacro-iliac joints is described. The method is based on localization of the joints in the image obtained after the injection of a small dose of bone-seeking technetiated methyldiphosphonate. This image is later subtracted from the image obtained after the injection of pertechnetate. This combination of methods is believed to constitute a more accurate way of localizing the sacro-iliac joints than the previously used method, based on fluoroscopy. A minor comparison between these two ways of localising the joints is reported too. It is possible that the combination of quantitative bone and pertechnetate scintigraphy will improve the overall sensitivity of the scintigraphic method.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Two forms of alpha 2-antiplasmin: differences in KAV and isoelectric point.

The plasminogen-binding (PB-AP) and the non-plasminogen-binding (NPB-AP) forms of alpha 2-antiplasmin were assayed by a modified rocket electroimmunoassay technique using an intermediary gel containing kringles 1-3 from plasminogen. Gel chromatography of normal human plasma (HNP) showed differences in KAV between PB-AP and NPB-AP. PB-AP had a KAV of 0.33 and NPB-AP a KAV of 0.39. Isoelectric focusing of HNP showed pI differences between PB-AP and NPB-AP. PB-AP was heterogeneous, with a main peak at pI = 4.69 and a minor peak at pI = 4.92, while NPB-AP had only one peak, at pI = 4.59.

Chromatography, Gel↗
PubMed1984

The application of single photon emission computed tomography to the diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis of the spine.

Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) has been used to examine the spine in a prospective long-term study with the aim of assessing the value of bone scintigraphy in the detection and diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Sites of increased uptake of 99Tcm-MDP were observed in three of the eleven patients examined so far. By carefully optimising the SPECT system (rotating gamma camera), as well as the examination procedure, with respect to high spatial resolution, it was possible to relate these sites precisely to anatomical sites in sectional images of the spine. The advantages of SPECT are demonstrated in all three cases in which the areas of increased uptake in sagittal and transverse sections can be related to specific anatomical sites of the spine characteristically affected by AS. The findings in each of these cases are quite distinct from those of a normal case and correlate with the radiographic appearances. It is concluded that SPECT will make it easier to observe, localise and evaluate regions of increased uptake in patients with AS compared with conventional scintigraphy.

Adult↗