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Biomedical subjects

H Janisch

Publications and source records attributed to H Janisch.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Surgical treatment of invasive malignancies of the vulva using CO2 laser].

In a retrospective study, we analysed 26 CO2-laser vulvectomies within the observation period between 1982 and 1990. Indications for vulvectomies were invasive malignancies of the vulva, FIGO stage I to III. 91.7% were squamous cell carcinomas. The mean age of patients was 69.3% (43 to 87) years. Five radical local excisions, one modified radical vulvectomy and in all other cases radical vulvectomy was performed. Laser surgery of the vulva was combined with bilateral lymphadenectomy or radiotherapy of inguinal lymph nodes. If necessary, a gluteal rotation flap was built to achieve closure of the wound without tension. No serious intra- or postoperative complications were observed, wound breakdown with per secundam healing as the most common complication occurred in 29.1%. Functional and cosmetic results were examined in a detailed follow-up at least 12 months postoperatively, showing promising results (56.3% good, 37.5% satisfactory, 6.3% unsatisfactory). The surgical procedure, perioperative management, recurrence rate (3 patients, 12.5%), as well as functional and cosmetic results, are presented and discussed in detail. The use of CO2-laser in surgical treatment of vulvar malignancies improves cosmetic and functional results. This is important, particularly with regard to the increasing number of young women with vulvar neoplasia.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Mucoviscidosis screening with immunoreactive trypsin].

Up to now 49,116 immunoreactive trypsin (IRT) measurements have been carried out in Austrian newborns in the first week of life. Related to provisionally chosen cut-off points, 301 newborns (0.61%) showed an elevated IRT value; 253 of them were successfully recalled. According to a direct strategy, sweat tests were done without a second IRT measurement in 101 infants; eleven of them were identified as cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. In accordance with a 2-step strategy, 152 infants were reinvestigated by a second IRT determination. Twenty-eight of them again showed an elevated IRT value, as based on provisional, age-dependent reference values; seven were subsequently identified as CF patients by sweat testing. So far two false-negative findings were obtained on IRT screening: one child was later identified as having CF on the basis of typical clinical symptoms and a positive sweat test, the other patient presenting with meconium ileus showed a normal IRT value after surgery, but was subjected to a sweat test in view of the underlying condition. These preliminary results suggest a CF incidence of 1 to 2460 newborns in Austria. Hence, IRT screening appears to be a reliable method for identifying CF patients in the newborn period, thereby facilitating early treatment and genetic counselling.

Austria↗
PubMed1991

[Morphologic and functional long-term results after Vecchietti operation for the formation of a neovagina].

For creation of a neovagina in patients with congenital vaginal agenesis, a variety of operative procedures are recommended. Basically, two different procedures are described: (1) Application of pressure or traction to the perineum and (2) plastic-surgical operations. Since 1981, the 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vienna, utilises the method described by Vecchietti. 9 Patients with congenital absence of the vagina and one with vaginal occlusion after radiotherapy underwent Vecchietti's procedure. Patients were seen after a follow-up period of at least 5 years. We evaluated morphological and functional long-term results using a detailed questionnaire as well as clinical investigations including cytological smears, screening for vaginal infections and determination of sexual hormone levels in peripheral blood. To evaluate distensibility and greatest cross-sectional diameter of the neovagina, a vaginal cast (vinyl-polysiloxan) was obtained. All patients treated for congenital malformations showed good to excellent functional results.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Prognostic factors in stage Ia-IIb invasive cervix cancer after radical hysterectomy with special reference to stroma reaction].

158 cases of invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix stages Ia to IIb were analysed with respect to the following prognostic criteria: histological stage, presence of nodal metastases, vascular space invasion and inflammatory stromal reaction at the periphery of the tumor. The assessment of these criteria was correlated to the prevalence of tumor recurrence. In cases with absent nodal metastases, a significant increase of tumor recurrence in stage IIb compared to other stages was noted. A constant increase of the recurrence rate was found, when nodal metastases were present, although the incidence of positive lymph nodes was approximately equal in stages Ic, IIa and IIb. The involvement of the parametrium therefore appears to be a significant parameter for the poor prognosis in stage IIb. Vascular space invasion proved to be a significant parameter with regard to lymph node involvement. When no vascular space invasion was obvious, 94% of the cases showed tumor-free lymph nodes. Overall, heavy inflammatory infiltration at the tumor periphery correlated with a good prognosis. In cases of heavy inflammatory stromal reaction, the risk of nodal metastases and tumor recurrence was significantly lower, independent of the histological stage. The incidence of heavy inflammatory infiltration was significantly higher in microinvasive carcinomas than in clinically invasive tumors. Therefore, the extent of inflammation appears to be an additional useful prognostic index to identify a group of patients at high risk for recurrence and reduced chance of survival.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1991

[Therapeutic aspects of trichomonas infection of the female genitals].

Infection with trichomonas is a common event in patients in gynecologic practice. In patients in an outpatient department the incidence of trichomonas infection was 7%, in cases with other genital infections 16%. Especially in alcalic vaginal milieu and in Gardnerella infections higher rates of trichomonas could be observed. The recurrence rate after monotherapy was 8%.

Drug Therapy, Combination↗
PubMed1991

[The role of intestinal resection in primary surgery of ovarian carcinoma].

In most ovarian cancer cases complete resection of the tumour masses is not possible, and tumour reduction at the primary operation has been shown to improve survival. In some cases optimal tumour reduction is only possible by resecting intestinal structures, and it remains to be shown whether aggressive approaches are justified. The impact of intestinal resection, among other prognostic factors, was analysed in 104 patients undergoing primary operation for ovarian cancer. Tumour spread to bowel, exceeding 2 cm in diameter occurred in 39% of the cases. Debulking to a maximal tumour diameter less than 2 cm was achieved in 68 (65%) cases. Successful debulking was achieved by performing large (n = 20) and small bowel (n = 4) in 22 patients with massive bowel involvement. Two patients died during the hospital stay, one after bowel resection. Four independent prognostic variables emerged from Cox's multiple proportional hazards regression: ascites (p = 0.001), massive bowel involvement (p = 0.007), residual tumour size (p = 0.002), and intestinal resection (p = 0.11). The authors contend that intestinal resection to achieve optimal tumour debulking at the primary operation will improve the survival of ovarian cancer patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of a simple and fast self-test for urine luteinizing hormone.

Ovulation can be predicted by measuring the midcycle urine luteinizing hormone surge with a simple 5-minute enzyme-immunoassay. This assay has proved to be suitable for self-tests with a sensitivity of about 90% and a specificity of 100% in unstimulated and clomiphene citrate stimulated cycles. Whereas a reference method (hemagglutination test) yielded better sensitivity, its specificity was markedly worse. Self-tests carried out by patients and control laboratory tests showed an excellent correlation. Patient compliance with self-tests should not be taken for granted.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Surgical correction of uterus abnormalities: experiences with the Tompkins method].

In the last 10 years, 12 abdominal metroplasties (Tompkins) were performed at the 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Vienna. All patients had a history of at least 2 spontaneous abortions, caused by a deformity of the uterus. The operation according to Tompkins, is technically simple and does not result in a defect in the uterus. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. Follow-up was possible in 10 patients, 8 of whom had a persisting wish for a child. 5 of these women became pregnant again, one had an abortion. All children were delivered by elective Caesarean section after the 36th week; the fetal outcome was satisfactory. In our experience, Tompkins' operation is the surgical therapy of choice in habitual abortion cause by Müllerian anomalies.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1990

[Second look operation from the current viewpoint].

Tumor reduction or elimination during primary surgery is the most important goal to aim at. Platinum-containing poly-chemotherapies led to an increase in remissions. However, highly advanced technologies (computed tomography, ultrasonography, nuclear magnetic resonance) and combined analysis of tumor markers are not sensitive enough to evaluate tumor-free status. A false-positive rate up to 33% at the time of second-look surgery was assessed in patients in clinical complete remission. Therapeutic second-look surgery with the purpose of tumor reduction is not capable to prolong the patient's survival time. Therefore, second-look surgery is limited to a diagnostic procedure, resulting in an objective assessment of newly developed therapy strategies.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1989

Diagnostic versus therapeutic second-look surgery in patients with ovarian cancer.

Between August 1982 and January 1988, 82 patient with epithelial ovarian cancer underwent second-look laparotomy. Before second-look surgery, 37 patients (45%) were in clinical complete remission. Eleven of these women who had previously received complete surgery received a diagnostic second-look operation. Whereas the clinical diagnosis of a complete response was confirmed by second-look procedure in eight of these patients, positive tumour findings were still evident in four women. The other 26 women who did not have clinical evidence of disease underwent staging second-look laparatomy to complete primary surgery. However, 11 patients revealed macroscopic evidence of tumour. In addition, the second-look operation was classified as a staging procedure in two women despite progressive disease classified preoperatively, but with negative intra-abdominal tumour findings. A therapeutic second-look laparotomy was performed in 37 patients with clinical evidence of disease to remove as much tumour as possible. Second-look laparatomy as a palliative procedure was necessary in six patients. Considering the type of second-look procedure, the 39 patients (48%) who underwent a diagnostic or staging procedure revealed a significantly longer median survival time of 62 months compared with the 43 women (52%) who underwent therapeutic or palliative second-look surgery and had a median survival of 19 months (P less than 0.0003, Log Rank Test). In patients with positive tumour findings at the time of second-look surgery, therapeutic cytoreduction was not associated with an improved survival time. We conclude that second-look surgery should be performed only in patients who are clinically free of disease to evaluate their intraperitoneal tumour status.

Adult↗