PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Julien

Publications and source records attributed to H Julien.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Memory one month after acute carbon monoxide intoxication: a prospective study.

BACKGROUND: Serious delayed neuropsychological sequelae may complicate carbon monoxide intoxication. The existence of minor manifestations, especially memory disturbances, is not well documented. AIMS: To study several memory functions after carbon monoxide intoxication. METHODS: In a prospective study, 32 poisoned patients without risk factors for cognitive disturbances were compared to 32 paired control subjects one month after acute carbon monoxide intoxication (blood carbon monoxide concentration at least 1.0 mmol/l), who had been treated with standard conventional therapy. Psychometric tests included Buschke's verbal memory testing, verbal digit span, Corsi's visuospatial span, reaction times, Stroop's colours decoding test, and verbal fluency test. RESULTS: (1) Memory functions in poisoned subjects were not worse than in the control group and were even better in some areas: learning, word recall, and quality of learning by Buschke's verbal memory testing. Attention was also better in the patients, in whom visual reaction time was shorter than in controls. (2) Results of several memory functions-quality of learning and immediate visual memory-were positively correlated with the initial carbon monoxide level. CONCLUSIONS: In a highly selected subset of patients devoid of risk factors for memory impairment, memory, objectively evaluated by psychometric testing, was not worse one month after carbon monoxide intoxication in patients undergoing standard treatment than in paired control subjects.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

Therapeutic trial of diazepam versus placebo in acute chloroquine intoxications of moderate gravity.

OBJECTIVE: Acute chloroquine intoxication is responsible for a membrane-stabilising effect which results in electrocardiographic (ECG) and hemodynamic disturbances. Diazepam is used in acute chloroquine intoxication on the basis of clinical and experimental observations, but its utility alone, in man, remains unproven. The goal of this study was to verify whether diazepam alone has an effect on the membrane-stabilising effect observed in moderately severe chloroquine intoxications. DESIGN: Prospective, multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. SETTING: Prehospital mobile intensive care units (Paris) and hospital intensive care units (paris and Dakar). PATIENTS AND PARTICIPANTS: Adults with moderately severe intoxication defined as: a suspected ingested dose of 2 or more but less than 4 g, systolic blood pressure (SBP) higher than 80 mmHg, QRS duration less than 0.12 s and the absence of dysrhythmia at inclusion. INTERVENTIONS: Patients received either a loading dose of 0.5 mg/kg diazepam followed by an infusion of 1 mg/kg over 24 h or an equivalent volume of placebo. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Outcome was measured by serial assessments of SBP, ECG (QRS and QT segments) and clinical deterioration. There were no significant differences observed in the initial or serial ECG or SBP measurements. There were no deaths and no patient had to be removed from the study due to clinical deterioration. CONCLUSIONS: Diazepam, at the dose studied, does not appear to reverse the chloroquine-induced membrane-stabilising effect in acute moderately severe chloroquine intoxication. Supportive intensive care of these intoxications appears to be all that is necessary.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

An analysis of the factors implicated in fire deaths in children.

The aim of this study was to determine: 1) the factors implicated in fire deaths in children, 2) the relevance of blood carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen cyanide (CN) concentrations in child fire victims. 34 child fire victims (17 males: 17 females) were studied. Mean age was 4.5 years. In 12 cases medico-legal autopsies were performed, but no toxicological analyses were done (group A). In 14 cases autopsies were not performed, but blood CO and CN concentrations were measured in the victims (group B). In the remaining 8 cases both toxicological analyses and medicolegal autopsies were done (group C). In 29 cases out of 34, children had been left alone by their parents. In 20 cases out of 34, children had 80% burns of their body surface. In groups A and C autopsies enabled violence or other criminal cause of deaths to be excluded. All victims had smoke inhalation. The mean blood CN concentration in the 22 fire victims (groups B and C) was 70.67 +/- 14.11 micromol/l (0-207). The mean blood CO concentration was 1.89 +/- 0.51 mmol/l (0.11-5.89). There was no significant correlation between CN and the CO blood concentrations. There was no significant correlation between the burn surface area and the blood concentration of either CN or CO. In 11 cases, one or both gases concentrations were in the potential toxic range (CN: 40-<100 micromol/l; CO: 1-<5.8 micromol/l) but below the lethal range. Therefore these deaths were considered to be due to the combined effect of gas toxicity. It is concluded that: 1) In case of fire death, a medico-legal autopsy should be performed to confirm that victims suffered smoke inhalation and to exclude violence or other criminal cause of deaths; 2) Blood CN and CO measurements identify the exact contribution of each to the death; 3) Immediate blood sampling at the scene of death should be done because CN may disappear rapidly from body tissue after death.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1993

[Child victims of house fires in France. Mortality, morbidity, prevention].

Children injuries by house fires in France are the cause of a severe mortality (sixty deaths in average each year) and of a morbidity for the survival due to smoke toxicity (oxygen deprivation and inhalation of toxic gases--CO and HCN) and to thermal burns. Epidemiological studies show that young children (0 to 4) are specially concerned by this threat and that the deaths occurred more often in some part of France (Nord-Pas-de-Calais Region). A special strategy for this prevention should be applied in France, the same available in USA, Sweden and UK, including information on the behavior one should have with children: never leave them alone and escape with them as soon as possible out of the smoke. The usefulness of smoke detectors should be confirmed by French administration and recommended to the public, since they have had effective results in other countries.

Accidents, Home↗
PubMed1993

[Comparison of lansoprazole (30 mg) and omeprazole (20 mg) in the treatment of duodenal ulcer. A multicenter double-blind comparative trial].

The efficacy of lansoprazole (30 mg/d) and omeprazole (20 mg/d) has been assessed in active duodenal ulcer disease in 144 patients included in a multicentric, randomized, double-blind trial. After two weeks, the healing rates were 74% and 58% in the lansoprazole and omeprazole groups, respectively (P = 0.049). After 4 weeks, the healing rates were 94% in each group (NS). The delay to pain relief was 2 days for lansoprazole and 3 days for omeprazole (NS). Minor side effects occurred in 12% of the lansoprazole treated patients and in 13% of the omeprazole treated patients. No severe adverse events were reported. A slight increase in serum gastrin level was observed, similar in both groups (+35 UI/L and +19 UI/L for lansoprazole and omeprazole respectively). This study confirms previous results concerning the efficacy of both treatments in duodenal ulcer disease. The statistical difference observed for healing rates after 2 weeks could correspond to a faster efficacy for lansoprazole (30 mg) than for omeprazole (20 mg).

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed1992

Pre-hospital strategy for therapeutic intervention of fire victims.

Fire victims are exposed to the triple threat of thermal injury (skin and lungs), smoke toxicity (toxic or irritant gases and soots) and even trauma whose occurrences are somewhat independent one from the other but whose addition does sharply increase the probability of death of the victims. As the different victims of the same fire may not suffer from the same injuries, this triple threat must be looked for in each fire victim.

Burns↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Indispensible resuscitation equipment].

The authors belong to Medical Urgency Service of the Firemen Brigade of Paris. They detailed the indispensable material for cardio-respiratory reanimation that they use during their interventions.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acetyl-cysteine in colonic mucography (author's transl)].

Acetyl-cysteine, its origin, nature, the constitution of its molecule and its main properties are reviewed. This study involved essentially the best means of using the mucolytic properties of this amino acid. Acetyl-cysteine has an excellent detergent effect on the mucosa, with good evacuation, and favourises the adhesion of barium, all the better when the particles of the latter are finer. It is thus possible to obtain good thin layer and double contrast pictures. Prior preparation remains of the utmost importance.

Acetylcysteine↗