H K Chadha-Boreham | PubMed Health

PubMed1999

Efficacy and safety of low, standard, and high dosages of an estradiol transdermal system (Esclim) compared with placebo on vasomotor symptoms in highly symptomatic menopausal patients. The Esclim Study Group.

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 3 dosages of Esclim, delivering 0.025 mg, 0.050 mg, or 0.100 mg 17beta-estradiol per 24 hours, in the treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms. STUDY DESIGN: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter trial, 196 highly symptomatic menopausal women received 12 weeks of continuous unopposed treatment with 1 of the 3 dosages of Esclim or a matching placebo patch. RESULTS: The reduction in frequency of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms was statistically significant compared with placebo (P <.05) from week 2 onward in the Esclim 50 and 100 groups and from week 3 onward in the Esclim 25 group. Symptom severity was also reduced. Estrogen-related adverse events, particularly metrorrhagia and endometrial hyperplasia, were less frequent in the Esclim 25 group than in the higher-dosage groups. CONCLUSION: All 3 dosages of Esclim were effective in the treatment of vasomotor symptoms. The efficacy and safety of Esclim 25 indicate a good risk-benefit ratio.

Administration, Cutaneous↗

PubMed1989

Drawbacks of selection methods for synchronous cell growth: simulation techniques.

Investigations of Koch & Schaecter's (1962) model for the fission of a bacterium were carried out to resolve some conflict in the findings due to Takahasi et al. (1968) and Marr et al. (1969). A computer simulation procedure was used to reexamine the work of Takahasi et al. Our results confirm their findings that a simple formulation of Koch & Schaecter's model predicts a synchronous growth curve which fits the data reasonably well. This contrasts with the predictions of a poor fit given by the complex formulations of Marr et al. However, there is a disagreement between our results and those obtained by Takahasi et al. It involves a relationship between independence of the life length of daughter and mother cells and the degree of synchrony in growth. The practical implications of the simulation results are that selection methods are unlikely to give perfect synchrony.

Bacteria↗