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Biomedical subjects

H Karibe

Publications and source records attributed to H Karibe.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Relation between clenching strength and occlusal force distribution in primary dentition.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between clenching strength and occlusal force distribution in primary dentition. Twenty healthy children with normal occlusions: 11 boys and 9 girls, ages 3.2-5.8 years (avg. 4.5 years) were selected. Setting the bilateral masseter muscular activity at maximum clenching in full intercuspation as 100%, the occluding forces at 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% clenching were recorded with pressure-sensitive sheets (Dental Prescale 50H, type R, Fuji Photo Film Co.), and the force of each primary tooth was analysed by computer (Occluzer FPD703). Occlusal force distribution was expressed as a percentage of the total occlusal force of each tooth and was compared between each clenching. There were no significant differences between various clenching strengths in the occlusal force distribution in primary dentition [one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA)]. Thus, the results of the present study suggest that the distribution of occluding forces on a primary dental arch had its own pattern and that the clenching strength had no effect on that pattern. These patterns may be useful in determining occlusal function in children.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2003

Sex differences in masticatory muscle pain after chewing.

Neither the etiology of muscle-related temporomandibular disorders (TMD) nor the reason for the disproportionate number of women suffering from these disorders is well-established. We tested the hypothesis that physiologically relevant exercise (i.e., chewing bubble gum for 6 min) increases masticatory muscle pain in patients, but not in asymptomatic control subjects, and that female patients experience a significantly greater increase than males. Chewing increased pain in both female and male patients and, unexpectedly, also in female control subjects. One hour after chewing, the pain remained above pre-test levels for female patients but not for the other groups. Thus, sex differences in chewing-induced pain were found in control subjects but not as hypothesized in patients. Because chewing-induced masticatory muscle pain was significantly greater in female control subjects than in males, and persisted longer in female patients than in males, these results suggest greater susceptibility in women.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Decrease in intraoperative brain surface temperature in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage.

BACKGROUND: Recent experimental and clinical evidence of hypothermic protection against neuronal injury creates new interests regarding human brain temperature. However, very little information is available for the brain temperature under certain pathological conditions. In this study, intra-operative brain temperature in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is particularly addressed. METHODS: Brain surface temperature and oxygen saturation of jugular bulb (SjO2) were monitored during early surgery undergone within 48 hours after the onset in patients with SAH (n = 16). Those were also measured in patients with unruptured aneurysms during elective surgery as control (n = 15). FINDINGS: The brain surface temperature was significantly lower in SAH than control (35.3 +/- 0.8 vs. 36.1 +/- 0.5 degrees C, P < 0.01). The reduction in brain surface temperature was correlated with the severity of the Hunt and Kosnik's aneurysmal grade (r = 0.837, P < 0.01). SjO2 was significantly lower in SAH than control (51.5 +/- 7.3 vs. 68.5 +/- 7.6%, P < 0.01), and was positively correlated with brain surface temperature (r = 0.642, P < 0.01). INTERPRETATION: These results suggest that the brain temperature and/or the temperature gradient within the brain may be altered in an early period after SAH. Since brain temperature is determined by cerebral blood flow (CBF), metabolism, temperature of both circulating blood and surrounding environment, the brain surface temperature reduction may be explained by depressed CBF and metabolism in SAH.

Aneurysm, Ruptured↗
PubMed2001

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection as a risk factor for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: hospital based case-control study.

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection was investigated as a risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) by HCV antibody screening in 462 patients with ICH and 462 control patients with cerebral infarction matched by age and sex. Laboratory examinations of hemostatic parameters and cholesterol level were also performed in patients with ICH. HCV infection was significantly more frequent in patients with ICH than controls (8.7% vs 3.5%, P< 0.01). ICH patients with HCV infection had significantly higher L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase level (P< 0.001), lower cholesterol level (P< 0.05), lower platelet count (P< 0.05), and longer prothrombin time (P< 0.01) than ICH patients without HCV infection, although most of these values were within the normal range. These results demonstrate that HCV infection is a risk factor for spontaneous ICH. Subclinical clotting disorder and/or vessel wall friability resulting from hypocholesteremia may be associated with ICH in patients with HCV infection.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the early evaluation of corticospinal tract injury to predict functional motor outcome in patients with deep intracerebral hemorrhage.

OBJECT: Diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance imaging was used to visualize corticospinal tract injury in patients with deep intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and the results were used to predict motor impairment of the extremities. METHODS: Twenty-eight patients with deep ICH (17 men and 11 women, mean age 58+/-14 years) were examined. The volume of the ICH was assessed on initial computerized tomography scans. Twelve patients had ICH volumes of 40 ml or more and were treated surgically, and 16 patients who had an ICH volume of less than 40 ml were treated medically. Initial corticospinal tract injury was classified into four grades according to the anatomical relationship between the corticospinal tract and the ICH on DW images. Motor impairment of both the upper and lower extremities was assessed at admission and 1 month poststroke by using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale. The extent of correlation was determined between motor impairment and corticospinal tract injury. Initial corticospinal tract injury was not correlated with the impairment of extremities at admission but was closely correlated with motor impairment of the upper (r = 0.843, p < 0.001) and lower (r = 0.868, p < 0.001) extremities at 1 month poststroke. Impairment of the upper extremities correlated better with anterior than with posterior corticospinal tract injury (r = 0.911 compared with r = 0.600), and impairment of the lower extremities correlated better with posterior than with anterior injury (r = 0.890 compared with r = 0.787). CONCLUSIONS: Early evaluation of corticospinal tract injury based on DW imaging can provide predictive value for motor functional outcome in patients with deep ICH.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Intraoperative mild hypothermia ameliorates postoperative cerebral blood flow impairment in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

OBJECTIVE: Intraoperative mild hypothermia has been used during cerebral aneurysm surgery to reduce ischemic injury induced by temporary vessel occlusion and brain retraction. However, the clinical effects on cerebral hemodynamics are unclear. This study investigated the effects of intraoperative mild hypothermia on cerebral blood flow (CBF) after surgery to treat aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. METHODS: Twenty-four patients with ruptured internal carotid or middle cerebral artery aneurysms, of preoperative Hunt and Hess Grade II or III, underwent aneurysm clipping within 72 hours after the onset of subarachnoid hemorrhage. During surgery, patients were randomly assigned to either intraoperative mild hypothermia (33.5 degrees C, n = 12) or normothermia (37 degrees C, n = 12). Brain single photon emission computed tomography with 99mTc-hexamethylpropylenamine oxime or 99mTc-L,L-ethylcysteinate dimer was performed on Days 4, 7, and 14 after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Regional CBF was determined in the basal ganglia and cingulate, frontal, and frontoparietal cortices, using a semiquantitative method. RESULTS: CBF in the frontal cortex ipsilateral to the aneurysm was significantly higher in the hypothermia group than in the normothermia group on Day 4 (P<0.01) but not Day 7 or 14. There was a similar trend in the ipsilateral frontoparietal cortex, but it was not significant. There were no differences in regional CBF in the ipsilateral cingulate cortex or basal ganglia or in any contralateral region during the study period. CONCLUSION: Intraoperative mild hypothermia may reduce the severity of ischemia induced by intraoperative temporary vessel occlusion and brain retraction, thus ameliorating postoperative CBF impairment.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[A case of tentorial meningioma presented with pure word deafness].

It has been known that an isolation of Wernicke's area from auditory input results in pure word deafness. In this report, a 73-year-old female case with tentorial meningioma suffering from pure word deafness is reported. The patient initially presented with hydrocephalus, and was treated with a ventriculo-peritoneal(V-P) shunt. A year after the V-P shunt, she suffered from a symptom of deafness. On admission, her repetition and auditory comprehension were severely impaired, while reading and visual comprehension were almost normal. Auditory brain stem response(ABR) revealed normal latency between wave I and V, while wave VI and VII was disappeared. Middle latency response(MLR) showed no wave peak. On MRI, tentorial meningioma compressed bilateral medial geniculate bodies, but not auditory radiation or temporal lobe. 99mTc-HMPAO single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT) showed hypoperfusion in the left temporal lobe, considered as a diaschisis resulting from the isolation of left temporal lobe from auditory input via bilateral medial geniculate bodies.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Advantage of intravenous anaesthesia for acute stage surgery of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage.

To investigate the clinical effects of intravenous anaesthesia on surgical procedure and the outcome in acute stage surgery for aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), pre-, intra-, and post-operative factors were analyzed to compare between inhalational (IA, n = 38) and intravenous (IVA, n = 37) anaesthesia. IVA significantly shortened the duration of surgery (p < 0.05) and the duration of hospital stay (p < 0.01). These results suggest that IVA may be more suitable than IA for acute stage surgery of aneurysmal SAH. These effects may be mainly caused by IVA's pharmakokinetics, by effects on intracranial homeostasis and metabolism, and neuroprotective properties.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1999

Circulating blood volume in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage.

To establish the fluid management for patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), circulating blood volume (BV) was measured by pulse-spectrophotometry using indocyanine green (ICG) in 34 cases with SAH and 20 cases with neurosurgical disorders as control. BV measured immediately after induction of anaesthesia was lower in cases with SAH than that in controls. (62.8+/-12.3 vs. 73.3+/-11.2 ml/kg, p<0.01). In cases with SAH, the BV was significantly decreased in females (p<0.05) but not so significantly in males. In female cases with SAH, reduced BV was increased 3 days after operation (p<0.01). In conclusion BV is decreased in cases with SAH, especially in females. Active fluid therapy may be necessary when temporary vascular occlusion is required during aneurysm surgery. Since hypovolaemia may cause symptomatic vasospasm, BV measurement with pulse-spectrophotometry may provide useful information to insure normovolaemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

The involvement of Ca2+-dependent protein kinase in the regeneration of rice cultured suspension cells.

Short-term cultured cells of rice (Oryza sativa) were found to be capable of regeneration, in contrast to those obtained from long-term cultures. For clarification of the mechanism of regeneration, it was first necessary to distinguish protein kinase activity in long-term and short-term cultured cells; this activity was found greater in the former than latter. The activity was dependent on calcium, not phospholipid, phorbol ester or calmodulin. The apparent Mr of both Ca2+-dependent protein kinases was 32 kDa according to gel phosphorylation. Phosphoserine was identified in serine residues in phosphorylated histone III-S by phosphoamino acid analysis. A Ca2+-dependent protein kinase having a relative Mr of 32 kDa is thus shown to be possibly essential to regeneration in rice cultured cells.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1998

[A case of sigmoid colon perforation by a V-P shunt tube resulting in pneumocephalus].

A 47-year-old male presented with headache 3 years after V-P shunt procedure. Initial CT revealed pneumocephalus, and a shunt tube migration into the sigmoid colon was detected by contrast medium injection into the shunt tube. The patient's condition was complicated with bacterial meningitis, and the infected shunt tube was removed. After chemotherapy, the V-P shunt was reinstalled. This is the first case showing pneumocephalus occurring as an initial symptom of bowel perforation by a V-P shunt tube. In this case, the abdominal tip of the shunt tube had been anchored at the same place for 6 months before bowel perforation. This finding may support the hypothesis that fibrous encasement of a shunt tube may trigger abdominal complications, as previously suggested.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

Endovascular suture occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in rats: effect of suture insertion distance on cerebral blood flow, infarct distribution and infarct volume.

Sprague-Dawley rats anesthetized with isoflurane, underwent MCA occlusion by intraluminal 3-0 suture insertion, either 22 mm (n = 8) or 18 mm (n = 6) beyond the CCA bifurcation or were sham-operated as controls (n = 3) for autoradiographic analysis of cerebral blood flow. Infarct volume was measured 24 hours after the onset of ischemia (22 mm, n = 11; 18 mm, n = 10); neurological examinations were performed at 6 and 24 hours. Cerebral blood flow in the MCA distribution was significantly lower in the 22 mm suture insertion group than in the 18 mm group (p < 0.05). The total infarct volume was significantly larger (197 +/- 15 versus 135 +/- 19 mm3, p < 0.05) and the coefficient of variance was significantly smaller (23.8% versus 43.9%, p < 0.05) in the 22 mm group. Border zone regions of medial caudoputamen and dorsolateral cortex were often spared in the 18 mm group but never in the 22 mm group. The neurological deficit was more severe in the 22 mm group at 24 hours (p < 0.05), but not at 6 hours. The greater blood flow reduction and the less variable histological damage in dorsolateral cortex (a watershed area between the middle and anterior cerebral arteries) and the greater histological damage in medial caudate in the 22 mm group further characterizes this focal ischemia model for two potential applications: 22 mm insertion for studies requiring extensive and reproducible infarcts; 18 mm insertion for studies requiring less severe and more variable lesions after permanent MCA occlusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[The effect of Japanese herbal medicine on MRSA carrier in neurosurgery].

Since the management of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriers is not established, these patients are isolated individually, limited in activity, and delayed in rehabilitation. In this study, the effect of Japanese herbal medicine on MRSA carriers was examined. In the control group, MRSA carriers were isolated individually. In the treatment group, one of the Japanese herbal medicines "Juzentaihotou" or "Hotyuekkitou" was given in addition to isolating the patient. It was shown in cultures that Japanese herbal medicines had effectively changed MRSA carriers to negative. They also shortened the duration required to bring about the change of MRSA carriers to negative. As a result, the total number of MRSA carriers was reduced. These results suggested that Japanese herbal medicines may be useful for the management of MRSA carriers in neurosurgery.

Carrier State↗
PubMed1996

Partial purification and characterization of a calcium-dependent protein kinase in rice leaves.

A protein from rice leaves, which was partially purified by sequential chromatography on DE52, MONO-Q and Superose 12, presented calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) activity. This protein kinase phosphorylated the substrate, histone III-S, in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner and the half-maximum concentration of Ca2+ to protein kinase activity (EC50) was 1 microM. This phosphorylation was independent of phosphatidylserine and a phorbol ester. The apparent M(r) of the protein kinase, as determined by phosphorylation in SDS-polyacrylamide gel containing histone III-S, was 45 k. This kinase was found to react differently from other protein kinases, such as protein kinase C from rat brain or CDPK from soybean leaves, owing to the absence of a phospholipid or phorbol ester dependency. CDPK phosphorylated three endogenous proteins as detected by in vitro phosphorylation on two-dimensional PAGE.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Epidermal growth factor binding proteins in rice (Oryza sativa L.) leaves.

A ligand blotting experiment using [125I]epidermal growth factor (EGF) showed that there are EGF binding proteins in rice leaves. EGF binding proteins have isoelectric points and relative molecular masses of 5.5/35 kDa, 7.5/50 kDa and 8.3/40 kDa, respectively. The amino acid sequences of the N-terminal and internal regions of the EGF binding proteins were determined. The amino acid sequences of 35 kDa protein and 40 kDa were found to be homologous with those of the photosystem II oxygen-evolving complex. The amino acid sequence of the 50 kDa protein was homologous with that of riburose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. The presence of proteins capable of binding to EGF suggests the possibility of EGF-like regulation in plants.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Correlation of early reduction in the apparent diffusion coefficient of water with blood flow reduction during middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.

To determine the relationship between reductions in the apparent diffusion coefficient of water (ADC) and in cerebral blood flow (CBF) during focal ischemia, we used diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (D-MR) imaging and autoradiographic CBF analysis to examine rats subjected to 30 or 90 min of permanent middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. In the 30-min occlusion group (n = 10), the area with substantially reduced ADC (15% or more below the contralateral level [ADC15]) corresponded best to the area with CBF below 25 ml/100 g/min and was significantly smaller than the area with CBF below 50 ml/100 g/min (CBF50), a level associated with reduced protein synthesis and delayed necrosis (40 +/- 13% versus 74 +/- 8% of the ischemic hemisphere; P < 0.0001). In the 90-min occlusion group (n = 6), the ADC15 area corresponded best to the CBF30 to CBF35 area and was again significantly smaller than the CBF50 area (54 +/- 13% versus 73 +/- 20%, P < 0.05). Thus, the area of substantially reduced ADC at 30 and 90 min represents only 53% and 74%, respectively, of the tissue at risk for infarction. These findings indicate a potential limitation in using early D-MR imaging to predict stroke outcome.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Use of mild intraischemic hypothermia versus mannitol to reduce infarct size after temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.

To determine which of two treatments for reducing ischemic injury after temporal focal ischemia is more effective, the effects of mild (33 degrees C) intraischemic hypothermia were compared with those of mannitol, the most commonly used neuroprotective agent. Four groups of Sprague-Dawley rats underwent 1 hour of endovascular middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by 23 hours of normothermic reperfusion. The four experimental groups were as follows: Group A, saline control; Group B, mannitol (25%, 1 g/kg); Group C, hypothermia; and Group D, hypothermia plus man-nitol. Laser-Doppler estimates of cortical blood flow showed that hypothermia did not affect blood flow during ischemia or reperfusion. Mannitol increased cortical blood flow during ischemia and reperfusion under both normothermic and hypothermic conditions (p < 0.05). Neurological deficit was significantly less severe in treated rats (Group B, p < 0.05; Group C or D, p < 0.01) than in controls (Group A). Infarct volume, measured on semiserial Nissl-stained sections, was significantly smaller in treated rats (p < 0.01) than in controls. Infarct volume was also significantly smaller in rats treated with hypothermia than in those treated with mannitol (Group C vs. Group B, p < 0.05); there was no difference between rats treated with mannitol and those treated with mannitol and hypothermia. All three treatments reduced infarct area in the ischemic penumbra; hypothermia with or without mannitol also reduced infarct area in the ischemic core. These results demonstrate that both mild intraischemic hypothermia and mannitol reduce infarct size and neurological deficit: hypothermia reduces infarct size more effectively than mannitol, and mannitol adds no significant protection to hypothermia, whereas hypothermia adds significant protection beyond that afforded by mannitol after brief focal ischemia followed by reperfusion in rats. The results suggest that mild intraischemic hypothermia alone, or in combination with mannitol, may be useful in avoiding ischemic injury from temporary vessel occlusion during cerebrovascular surgery.

Animals↗