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Biomedical subjects

H Kawase

Publications and source records attributed to H Kawase.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

The amino acids of Escherichia coli enterotoxin B subunit involved in binding to Bio-Gel A-5m or to the glycoprotein from mouse intestinal epithelial cells.

We determined whether Arg13, Met31, and Ser95 of the heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit (LT-B) might be involved in Lt-B binding to oligosaccharides, which did not bind to the B subunit of the cholera toxin (CT-B). Three LT-B mutants, R13H, M31L, and S95A were prepared by substituting three amino acid residues that differ in CT-B. These mutants formed a pentamer and exhibited the same binding ability to the GM1 ganglioside as native LT-B. Although these mutants did not bind to Bio-Gel A-5m, they did bind to the glycoprotein from mouse intestinal cells in the order R13H > M31L > S95A. These data suggest that Ser95, Met31, and Arg13 are important for LT-B binding to Bio-Gel A-5m, and that although Ser95 is also partially responsible for LT-B binding to the glycoprotein, Arg13 has no significant involvement in it.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Replication factor encoded by a putative oncogene, set, associated with myeloid leukemogenesis.

DNA replication of the adenovirus genome complexed with viral core proteins is dependent on the host factor designated template activating factor I (TAF-I) in addition to factors required for replication of the naked genome. Recently, we have purified TAF-I as 39- and 41-kDa polypeptides from HeLa cells. Here we describe the cloning of two human cDNAs encoding TAF-I. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the 39-kDa polypeptide corresponds to the protein encoded by the set gene, which is the part of the putative oncogene associated with acute undifferentiated leukemia when translocated to the can gene. The 41-kDa protein contains the same amino acid sequence as the 39-kDa protein except that short N-terminal regions differ in both proteins. Recombinant proteins, which were purified from extracts of Escherichia coli, expressing the proteins from cloned cDNAs, possessed TAF-I activities in the in vitro replication assay. A particular feature of TAF-I proteins is the presence of a long acidic tail in the C-terminal region, which is thought to be an essential part of the SET-CAN fusion protein. Studies with mutant TAF-I proteins devoid of this acidic region indicated that the acidic region is essential for TAF-I activity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Stimulation of DNA transcription by the replication factor from the adenovirus genome in a chromatin-like structure.

Adenovirus (Ad) genome DNA is complexed with viral core proteins in the virus particle and in host cells during the early stages of infection. This DNA protein complex, called Ad core, is thought to be the template for transcription and DNA replication in infected cells. The Ad core functioned as template for DNA replication in the cell-free system consisting of viral replication proteins, uninfected HeLa nuclear extracts, and a novel factor, template activating factor-I (TAF-I) that we have isolated from uninfected HeLa cytoplasmic fractions. The Ad core did not function as an efficient template in the cell-free transcription system with nuclear extracts of uninfected HeLa cells. The addition of TAF-I resulted in the stimulation of transcription from E1A and ML promoters on the Ad core. TAF-I was required, at least, for the formation of preinitiation complexes. These observations suggest that, in addition to factors essential for transcription on naked DNA template, the factor such as TAF-I needed for replication of the Ad core is also required for transcription from the Ad genome in a chromatin-like structure.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1994

Construction of plasmids useful for production of the B subunit of cholera toxin from Vibrio cholerae or a heat-labile enterotoxin from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.

A simple method to construct the plasmids producing the B subunit of porcine or human heatlabile enterotoxin or cholera toxin was developed, and the B subunits produced by the resulting plasmids were purified. The gene of LTp from pEWD 299 was ligated to pHSG 396 or pBluescript SK(+)-1 and the vector carrying one Xbal and EcoR1 site in the LTp-A gene was constructed. The Xbal-EcoR1 fragment of LTp-A gene was exchanged for the multicloning site of pHSG 396 containing Xbal, BamH1, Cla 1, Kpn1, Sac1 and EcoR1 sites. This plasmid (pTSU28) produced the LTp-B subunit. Moreover, the fragment of the LTp-B gene of pTSU 28 was exchanged by the EcoR1-HindIII fragment of LTh-B from E. coli H10407 strain (pTSU 35) or by the Cla 1-Hind III fragment of CT-B gene amplified by the PCR procedure with the chromosomal DNA of V. cholerae 86KT25 (pTSU 32). The DNA sequence of the CT-B subunit amplified by PCR procedure was compared and found identical to that cited in the literature [11]. After these plasmids were transformed into E. coli MV 1184 strain, the toxins produced by them were purified using a Bio-Gel A 5m affinity column for both LT-Bs and an immunobilized D-galactose affinity column for CT-B. Though both columns absorbed only the B subunit, the eluates contained a single protein corresponding to the B subunit, suggesting that each mutant produces only the B subunit.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

A study on the metabolism of spermidine in mammals: purification and identification of a newly identified metabolite, 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinepropionic acid, in rat urine.

In order to study the metabolism of spermidine in mammals, radioactive spermidine was injected intraperitoneally into a rat and urine was collected for analysis. Incorporation of radioactivity into putreanine, isoputreanine, spermidic acid, and N-aminopropylpyrrolidin-2-one was confirmed by ion-exchange chromatography, thin layer chromatography, and paper electrophoresis, the highest radioactivity being observed in the non-polar and acidic fraction of the collected urine. A radioactive compound was purified from the non-polar and acidic fraction, and identified as 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinepropionic acid by comparison of its behavior on ion-exchange chromatography and thin layer chromatography with that of authentic 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinepropionic acid, and recrystallization with the authentic compound. Acid hydrolysis of the radioactive compound produced radioactive spermidic acid, confirming the identification. To examine the interconversion between isoputreanine and N-aminopropylpyrrolidin-2-one, these compounds were deuterated and then intraperitoneally injected into a rat. Analysis of 24-h urine by gas-chromatography-mass-spectrometry indicated no interconversion between the two metabolites of spermidine under these conditions. An intracerebroventricular injection of radioactive spermidine into a rat showed that radioactivity was also incorporated into the metabolites of spermidine in the brain, and oxidative deamination of the aminopropyl moiety of spermidine was thought to be dominant in the central nervous system and vice versa in peripheral organs.

Amino Acids, Diamino↗
PubMed1994

Increased expression of human 63-kD heat shock protein gene in Kawasaki disease determined by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.

To investigate the possible role of heat shock protein (HSP) in the pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease (KD), we determined the expression of 63-kD HSP (P1 protein) gene in the leukocytes from the peripheral blood of 20 patients with KD, 20 patients with various other febrile diseases, and 10 healthy children using the quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction technique. Although a low but constitutive expression of HSP was observed in the control patients and healthy children, the expression of HSP63 mRNA was significantly higher during the acute phase of KD. Because mycobacterial HSP65, a cognate of human HSP63, is a common immunogen in bacterial species, and because the major immunopathologic feature of KD is reportedly an abnormally activated immune system, it suggests that an increased level of HSP63 gene transcription may be associated with the pathogenesis of KD.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1994

[Combined resection and replacement of the superior vena cava with an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene graft in surgery of pulmonary-mediastinal malignant tumor].

Combined resection and replacement of the superior vena cava with an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene graft was performed in 7 patients. Five patients had lung cancer, and 2 had malignant thymoma. During operation, total clamping of the superior vena cava was required in 2 patients, and partial clamping of the superior vena cava or clamping of the innominate vein in 5. The reconstruction procedures were as follows; the superior vena cava or bilateral innominate veins with a graft in 4 patients, bilateral innominate veins with 2 grafts in 1, and one of the innominate veins with a graft in 2. There was no operative death. Edema of face, neck and arms appeared in 6 patients postoperatively, but it disappeared in 3-10 days. Phlebogram which was obtained in 5 patients demonstrated patency of the grafts in 4 and well-developed collateral drainage in 1. Postoperative survival time was 1-27 months, and 3 patients are alive. No superior vena cava syndrome was recognized in long term observation of any patient.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Analyses of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with progressive systemic scleroderma (PSS) by ambulatory electrocardiography].

Disorder of cardiac conduction and automaticity have been widely reported in patients with progressive systemic scleroderma (PSS). In the present study, ventricular arrhythmias were monitored by 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiographic recording (Holter monitor) in 30 female patients with PSS and 20 apparently healthy female controls. The following results were obtained: 1) In the waking state, 8 cases of 30 patients showed grade III, IVA or IVB of ventricular arrhythmias, according to Lown's classification. On the other hand, ventricular arrhythmias, such as grade III, IVA or IVB, were not observed in the control group. 2) In the patient group, grade IVA arrhythmias were observed during defecation, driving or light working, and grade IVB were during defecation, urination, light working or sleeping. These results suggest that it is important to examine arrhythmias by Holter monitors in patients with PSS.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Evaluation of cardiac functions in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS)].

Cardiac functions in 20 female patients with PSS were measured by ultrasound cardiography and compared with those of 10 healthy age-matched controls. The following results were obtained: 1) The patients with PSS showed the increases in left ventricular mass (LVmass), interventricular septal thickness (IVS) and left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPW) more than those of controls. 2) Diastolic descent rate (DDR) of patients decreased significantly in comparison with the healthy controls. 3) Right ventricular dimension (RVD) of patients were demonstrated to dilate more than those of controls. Conclusively ultrasound cardiography (UCG) is an available method for detecting the cardiac lesion of PSS. Abnormal signs were recognized even though their clinical features were limited to the extremities.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Drug resistance plasmids of Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 strains isolated from swine.

Drug resistance plasmids were detected in two drug resistant strains of Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 isolated in Japan. One strain, Hpn25, was resistant to ampicillin, kanamycin, streptomycin and sulfonamides, and harbored two plasmids with a molecular size of 3.7 and 4.1 kilobases (kb). The other strain, Hpn18, which was resistant to streptomycin, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol, harbored three plasmids with a molecular size of 2.2, 12, and 35 kb. The resistance of Hpn 25 to streptomycin and sulfonamides is mediated by a 4.1 kb plasmid and that of Hpn 18 to streptomycin and chloramphenicol by one or more of the 2.2, 12, and 35 kb plasmids.

Actinobacillus↗
PubMed1990

[A case of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with prominent splenomegaly and high serum titer of cold agglutinin].

The case of 37-year-old male with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with prominent splenomegaly is presented. The spleen that was removed for analysis had a weight of 2690 grams and a section inspection revealed multiple, whitish, small nodules that were disseminated throughout the entire spleen. It was microscopically demonstrated to be a B-Cell lymphoma of diffuse, medium-sized cells and an IgM.kappa Type. This case also was complicated by a high serum titer of cold agglutinin that was decreased by chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Cell wall lytic enzyme released by mating gametes of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a metalloprotease and digests the sodium perchlorate-insoluble component of cell wall.

Chlamydomonas lytic enzyme of the cell wall, which is released during agglutination of gametes of opposite mating types, has been characterized as a metalloprotease. The purified enzyme contains zinc. Removal of zinc with EDTA results in an inactive, metal-free apoenzyme, and Co2+ restores the activity most effectively. Among various protease inhibitors of microbial origin, pepstatin A, chymostatin, antipain, leupeptin, and E-64 do not inactivate the enzyme, whereas phosphoramidon causes a complete loss of lytic activity. Cysteine, histidine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid also inhibit the activity. The lytic enzyme splits casein and RNase A into several polypeptides of lower molecular masses. To determine which polypeptides of the cell wall are sensitive to the lytic enzyme, we first separated the intact cell walls into sodium perchlorate-soluble and -insoluble components, treated them with enzyme, and then analyzed them by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining. We conclude that only 2 of 16 polypeptides are digested by exposure to the enzyme and that the sensitive polypeptides belong to the salt-insoluble component of the cell wall. The mechanism of cell wall digestion with the lytic enzyme is discussed.

Cell Wall↗
PubMed1984

Hepatic gamma-glutamyl transferase and hepatic fibrosis in patients with alcoholic liver disease.

The activity of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in the liver of 22 patients with alcoholic liver disease, 24 with nonalcoholic liver disease and 12 normal controls was measured. The enhanced hepatic GGT activity was higher in alcoholic patients and nonalcoholic patients than in the normal controls. No statistical significance of difference could be found in hepatic GGT activity between alcoholic and nonalcoholic patients, while serum GGT activity was markedly elevated in alcoholic patients compared to nonalcoholic patients. There was better correlation between hepatic and serum GGT activity in alcoholic patients. Furthermore the enhanced hepatic GGT activity could contribute to the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis as a result of the investigation for hepatic GGT activity and histological liver fibrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical significance of type III procollagen peptide in sera of patients with liver cancer].

We assayed type III procollagen peptide in the sera of 213 patients with various liver diseases and 23 normal controls by radioimmunoassay. The non-cancerous limit of the serum level of type III procollagen peptide was defined as the mean +/- 2 SD of the patients with chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and alcoholic liver disease; it was 50 ng/ml. The percentage of type III procollagen peptide in sera exceeding this limit was 22.2% in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and 17.4% in metastatic liver cancer. Only patients with liver cirrhosis accompanied by alcoholic hepatitis exceeded this limit. In patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with peptide concentrations above 50 ng/ml, the serum level of GOT, GPT, LDH, T. Bil., LAP, gamma-GTP and T. Chol. was significantly higher than in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma whose serum peptide level was below 20 ng/ml.

Alanine Transaminase↗