Anisotropic penetration depth in La2-xSrxCuO4.
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Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
H Kitano
Publications and source records attributed to H Kitano.
Laryngeal verrucous carcinoma: effective treatment with tegafur.
A 62-year-old Japanese male with a 40-year history of heavy smoking presented with a laryngeal verrucous carcinoma on his left vocal cord (T1a N0 M0). The lesion was treated with tegafur. Three weeks after the start of treatment the lesion had almost entirely disappeared, with only a small scar remaining. The vocal cords were stripped to remove the scar. Thirty months after tegafur treatment the patient shows no indications of recurrence or metastasis.
Carcinoma, Verrucous↗
The influence of middle ear pressure changes on the primary vestibular neurons in guinea pigs.
The responses of primary vestibular neurons and perilymphatic pressure changes to middle ear pressure stimuli in guinea pigs were investigated in order to clarify the direct effects of pressure stimulus on the vestibular apparatus. The vestibular response was related to the amount of middle ear pressure change applied at a rate of +/- 100 mmH2O/s. The neural response rates of vestibular units to positive pressure in the middle ear were significantly larger than those to negative pressure. The time course pattern of the perilymphatic pressure change resembled that of the response of the vestibular units, indicating that the vestibular response is elicited by middle ear pressure via the pressure transmitted in the inner ear.
Animals↗
The influence of vestibular and cochlear aqueducts on vestibular response to middle ear pressure changes in guinea pigs.
The responses of primary vestibular neurons and perilymphatic pressure changes to middle ear pressure were investigated in guinea pigs with obstructed vestibular or cochlear aqueduct (closed VA or closed CA group) in order to clarify the influence of VA and CA on pressure-induced vestibular response. Although the neural response rates and the amount of perilymphatic pressure change in the closed VA group resembled those in the control group, these values in the closed CA group were higher than in the control group. Patency of the CA had a more significant effect on the vestibular response to middle ear pressure change than patency of the VA.
Animals↗
The effect of natural carotenoid (palm fruit carotene) intake on skin lipid peroxidation in hairless mice.
To study the effect of palm fruit carotene intake on skin lipid peroxidation, hairless mice were given ad libitum palm fruit carotene, beta-carotene, or vehicle emulsions for 15 weeks in which the carotene (0.005%, w/w) was suspended in drinking water, and then their dorsal skin was exposed to ultraviolet ray (UV). The carotene content of the skin was increased by the oral intake of palm fruit carotene or beta-carotene. In carotene-drinking mice, before the UV irradiation, the amount of thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS) in the skin was lower than that of control (carotene untreated) mice. The skin TBARS immediately after the UV irradiation was lower in carotene-treated mice than in control mice. At 24 h after irradiation, the skin TBARS of mice that orally received palm fruit carotene was lower than that of beta-carotene mice. Immediately after the UV irradiation, the skin carotene content transiently decreased but gradual recovery was observed at 48 h. In palm fruit carotene-treated mice, the rate of carotene recovery after UV irradiation was higher than in beta-carotene-treated mice. Retinol found in the skin had also decreased after UV irradiation, and recovered gradually in both carotene-drinking groups within 48 h. These results suggested that the carotene intake, especially palm fruit carotene, prevented skin lipid peroxidation in hairless mice.
Animals↗
The antioxidant effect of palm fruit carotene on skin lipid peroxidation in guinea pigs as estimated by chemiluminescence-HPLC method.
To study the antioxidant effect of palm fruit carotene on skin lipid peroxidation, the guinea pigs were orally fed ad libitum palm fruit carotene, beta-carotene, or vehicle emulsions, in which carotene (0.05%, w/w) was suspended in drinking water. After treatment of carotene for 12 weeks, animals were exposed to ultraviolet ray (UV), and squalene monohydroperoxide (SqOOH)/squalene (Sq) ratios in the skin lipid were analyzed using the chemiluminescence-HPLC method. Carotene accumulation was found in the skin of guinea pigs that were orally administered palm fruit carotene or beta-carotene. After UV irradiation, especially immediately after, the rise in the SqOOH/Sq ratio was effectively suppressed in both carotene-drinking groups in contrast with the control (carotene-untreated) group. An inverse correlation between the carotene content and the SqOOH/Sq ratio in the skin was also observed. The results suggested that palm fruit carotene intake prevents skin lipid peroxidation caused by UV irradiation.
Animals↗
[Trial of self-management of outpatients with implanted reservoir for arterial infusion of anticancer drugs].
We attempted to instruct the outpatients with malignant liver tumor (metastatic liver cancer and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma) who received intermittent arterial infusion chemotherapy using implanted reservoir to detach the devices for arterial infusion by themselves at home. All patients who received our instruction could master self-detachment at home, which shortened the hospitalized day. And patients' desire for this treatment promoted with improvement of the recognition of their families to participate in treatment together. We experienced no trouble which disturb the treatment. This methods was considered to promote the improvement of QOL of these patients.
Ambulatory Care↗
The relationship between vasopressin and endolymphatic hydrops in the guinea pig.
Clinical studies have shown that plasma vasopressin level is significantly elevated in patients with Meniere's disease. Other reports indicated that histamine induced a very quick and high elevation of vasopressin level and caused nystagmus in experimentally produced endolymphatic hydrops. We became interested in further investigating the details of this relationship by studying the effect of experimental endolymphatic hydrops and histamine upon plasma vasopressin level in the guinea pig. The results are as follows: 1) Histamine increased the plasma vasopressin level in normal guinea pigs. 2) There was no statistically significant difference in the plasma vasopressin level between the hydrops model and normal guinea pigs. 3) Histamine increased the plasma vasopressin level more in the hydrops model group than in normals. 4) Plasma vasopressin level was elevated in the vertiginous model caused by inner ear anesthesia. Our results support those of clinical investigators who reported that the plasma vasopressin level was elevated more in the Meniere's disease group than any other equilibrium disorder group. It is possible that vasopressin is in someway involved in the development of endolymphatic hydrops.
Animals↗
[Structure and diversity of yeast mitochondrial genomes].
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Amino Acid Sequence↗
Effect of alcohol on the endotoxin binding protein produced in the liver.
The Kupffer cell-hepatocyte interaction in the process of endotoxin clearance and the effect of alcohol on it were investigated in a newly developed rat Kupffer cell-hepatocyte culture system. The hepatic production of endotoxin binding protein was increased when the Kupffer cells were preincubated in the medium containing ethanol, and the resultant culture supernatant was added to the hepatocyte culture system. The amount of endotoxin binding protein produced by the hepatocytes was increased as the ethanol concentration in the culture medium of Kupffer cells was increased. This endotoxin binding protein was proved to enhance the uptake of endotoxin and suppressed the production of tumor necrosis factor in the Kupffer cells. When Kupffer cells and hepatocytes were isolated from chronically alcohol-fed rats, further addition of ethanol to the culture medium of Kupffer cells did not affect the hepatic production of endotoxin binding protein. The increase in hepatic production of endotoxin binding protein may serve as a defence mechanism against endotoxicity. There is a possibility that an impairment of the defence mechanism has a pivotal role in the development of endotoxemia and endotoxicity in chronic alcoholics.
Animals↗
[Effect of high dose nicardipine in patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysm].
We studied the effect of high dose nicardipine in patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysm. Seventeen patients were treated with intravenous infusion of nicardipine, 23.0-124.4 mg/day, for 15 days, which was started within 72 hours after onset of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Aneurysmal neck was clipped within 96 hours after SAH. Five patients were excluded because of discontinuation of treatment due to hypotension and intra- or postoperative complication. Among the 12 patients, symptomatic vasospasm was observed in 6, and one of them had a permanent deficit. Severe angiographic vasospasm was observed in 3 patients, but two of them did not show symptomatic vasospasm. From this study we can't draw any conclusion about effect of nicardipine on prevention of symptomatic and angiographic vasospasm after SAH, because of small number of cases.
Adult↗
Metabolic fate of endotoxin and blood tumour necrosis factor levels in rats with acute and chronic alcohol loading.
To investigate the metabolic fate of endotoxin in alcoholics and its possible relationship to cytokines and liver injury, we administered a low-dose radiolabelled endotoxin to rats given alcohol in various conditions and studied the organ distribution of endotoxin and measured plasma levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF). In the chronic alcohol-fed rats (Lieber-DeCarli liquid diets for 6 weeks) 3H-endotoxin was rapidly cleared by the liver and excreted into faeces. However, the endotoxin clearance was decreased after an acute ethanol load to rats (5 mg/g body wt ethanol i.p.) or in the chronic ethanol-fed rats with an additional 5 mg/g body wt ethanol load. Plasma TNF was not elevated in the control or in the acute ethanol load rats, slightly elevated in the chronic ethanol-fed rats and markedly elevated in the chronic ethanol-fed rats with an additional high-dose ethanol load. Serum GPT was elevated only in the chronic ethanol-fed rats with an additional high-dose ethanol. In conclusion, an additional administration of a high dose ethanol to chronic alcohol-fed rats led to decrease of endotoxin clearance and elevation of plasma TNF, which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of alcoholic hepatitis.
Alcoholic Intoxication↗
Effect of alcohol on the functions of Kupffer cells and splenic macrophages in rats.
Uptake of endotoxin and production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) by Kupffer cells and splenic macrophages were measured in chronically alcohol-fed rats. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 200-250 g, were pair-fed by isocaloric control and ethanol-containing Lieber-DeCarli liquid diets for 6 weeks. Endotoxin uptake and TNF production of Kupffer cells and splenic macrophages in the chronic ethanol load-group were significantly (P < 0.001) greater than those in the control group. The increase in endotoxin uptake was more prominent in Kupffer cells and the increase in TNF production was more marked in splenic macrophages in the chronic ethanol group. When these cells were precultured in the medium containing 10-100 mM ethanol, the endotoxin uptake and TNF production of Kupffer cells isolated from control and chronic ethanol-fed rats were decreased in proportion to the concentration of ethanol in the culture medium. However, the addition of ethanol to the culture medium did not affect the endotoxin uptake and TNF production of splenic macrophages. These results support the hypothesis that the splenic macrophages are important for endotoxin uptake, and excessive production of TNF in rats given large amounts of alcohol.
Alcoholism↗
Inhibition by squalene of the tumor-promoting activity of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in mouse-skin carcinogenesis.
Squalene inhibited the effect of tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), such as increased 32Pi incorporation into phospholipids of HeLa cell membrane, induction of Epstein-Barr-virus early antigen in Raji cell and induction of ornithine decarboxylase in mouse skin. Squalene also markedly suppressed the promoting activity of TPA on skin carcinogenesis in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-initiated mice.
Animals↗
Potent preventive action of alpha-carotene against carcinogenesis: spontaneous liver carcinogenesis and promoting stage of lung and skin carcinogenesis in mice are suppressed more effectively by alpha-carotene than by beta-carotene.
Although beta-carotene has been considered to be a key cancer preventive agent in green and yellow vegetables, other types of carotenoids, such as alpha-carotene, may also contribute to anticarcinogenic action, since these carotenoids usually coexist with beta-carotene and are detectable in human blood and tissues. In this study, we compared the inhibitory effect of natural alpha-carotene, obtained from palm oil, with that of beta-carotene on spontaneous liver carcinogenesis in C3H/He male mice. The mean number of hepatomas per mouse was significantly decreased by alpha-carotene supplementation (per os administration in drinking water at a concentration of 0.05%, ad libitum) as compared with that in the control group (P < 0.001, Student's t test). On the other hand, beta-carotene, at the same dose as alpha-carotene, did not show any such significant difference from the control group. Furthermore, we also compared the antitumor-promoting activity of alpha-carotene with that of beta-carotene against two-stage mouse lung carcinogenesis (initiator, 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide; promoter, glycerol). alpha-Carotene, but not beta-carotene, reduced the number of lung tumors per mouse to about 30% of that in the control group (P < 0.001, Student's t test). The higher potency of the antitumor-promoting action of alpha-carotene compared to beta-carotene was confirmed in other experimental systems; e.g., alpha-carotene was also found to have a stronger effect than beta-carotene in suppressing the promoting activity of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate on skin carcinogenesis in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-initiated mice. These results suggest that not only beta-carotene, but also other types of carotenoids, such as alpha-carotene, may play an important role in cancer prevention.
4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide↗