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Biomedical subjects

H Klinger

Publications and source records attributed to H Klinger.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Plaque removal efficacy of two rotating/oscillating electric toothbrushes.

This study compared the plaque removal efficacy of the Philips Jordan HP510 and Braun Oral-B D9 electric toothbrushes in two clinical trials. In Trial I, a single-blind randomized split-mouth study, 24 subjects received an oral prophylaxis and abstained from all oral hygiene procedures for 24 hours before each quadrant was professionally brushed for 30 seconds. Plaque was scored before and after brushing using the Turesky-modified Quigley and Hein index (Q&H) and the approximal plaque index (API). Trial II was a two-week, single-blind balanced cross-over study comprising 54 subjects. At baseline, the subjects received an oral prophylaxis and instruction in the use of the assigned brush. Two weeks later, they returned to the clinic with 24-hour plaque accumulation. Plaque (Q&H, API) was scored before and after supervised brushing (30 sec/quadrant). After a prophylaxis, the subjects received the other brush with instructions on use, and the procedure was repeated. In Trial I, plaque was removed almost equally well by both brushes, with the HP510 and the D9 reducing Q&H from 1.46 and 1.47 (baseline) to 0.53 and 0.58, respectively, on average over all teeth. For the premolars and molars in particular, use of the HP510 resulted in statistically significantly lower Q&H scores than the D9 (0.70 vs. 0.81). In Trial II, the HP510 resulted in significantly better plaque scores than the D9 on Q&H (0.55 vs. 0.67) and API (23% vs. 28%) for all teeth. The buccal surfaces contributed the largest difference in Q&H. Statistically significant differences were also found in scores of the posterior teeth for Q&H (0.75 vs. 0.86) and API (31% vs. 38%). In conclusion, both rotating/oscillating electric toothbrushes were highly effective in plaque removal. The HP510 removed more plaque than the D9, particularly from the posterior teeth. It appeared that the smaller height and the Active Tip of HP510's brush head could have resulted in better posterior and approximal access.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Neuropsychological changes between "off" and "on" STN or GPi stimulation in Parkinson's disease.

BACKGROUND: In a previous study on a consecutive series of 62 patients with PD, the authors showed that bilateral subthalamic or pallidal continuous high-frequency deep brain stimulation (DBS) affects neither memory nor executive functions 3 to 6 months after surgery. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the specific effects of DBS by comparing the performance of patients with the stimulator turned "on" and "off." METHODS: The performance of 56 patients on clinical tests of executive function was compared after 3 and 12 months of DBS of the subthalamic nucleus (STN; n = 48) or the internal globus pallidus (GPi; n = 8) with the stimulator "on" or "off." Global intellectual efficiency, verbal learning, and mood were also evaluated with the stimulator "on." The performance of another group of 20 patients was compared after 6 months of DBS of the STN (n = 15) or the GPi (n = 5) with the stimulator "on" or "off" on more experimental tests recently shown to be more sensitive to l-dopa therapy. RESULTS: When the stimulator was "on," STN patients showed a mild but significant improvement in psychomotor speed and working memory. In comparison with the presurgical state, STN patients had no cognitive deficit at 12 months, except for lexical fluency. There was no differential effect of STN or GPi stimulation. CONCLUSIONS: 1) The specific effect of DBS seems to mimic the action of l-dopa treatment in the cognitive as in the motor domain; 2) the surgery associated with DBS does not appear to affect the cognitive performance of patients with PD 12 months later, except for a mild deficit in lexical fluency.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Heat shock protein 72 expression in chondrosarcoma correlates with differentiation.

PURPOSE: Heat shock proteins (hsp) are involved in tumor immunity, and a correlation with survival, occurrence of metastases, and drug resistance has been reported. It was the aim of this study to investigate the expression of heat shock proteins in chondrosarcomas and chondromas. METHODS: Hsp expression was investigated immunohistochemically on paraffin-embedded sections of 37 consecutive patients (24 male and 13 female, mean age 48 years) with chondrosarcoma and of ten patients (six male, four female, mean age 36 years) with chondroma. RESULTS: Chondromas showed a positive staining for hsp27 in 100%, for hsp60 in 30%, for hsp72 in 80%, for hsp73 in 80%, and for hsp90 in 90%. In chondrosarcoma a decreased expression was found for hsp27 (62% positive, P<0.05) and hsp72 (43% positive, P<0.05), whereas no significant difference to chondromas was detected in the expression of hsp60 (49% positive), hsp73 and hsp90 (73% and 81% positive, respectively). In addition, hsp72 expression showed a correlation with differentiation of the tumors (P<0.05); the lowest hsp72 expression was found in G3 chondrosarcomas (only 13% positive). No correlation with respect to differentiation was found for the expression of the other hsps. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows a different expression of hsps in chondrosarcomas and chondromas. Together with the correlation of hsp72 expression with low differentiation, this finding could lead to new experimental and diagnostic strategies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Chromosome 3p14 homozygous deletions and sequence analysis of FRA3B.

Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) involving 3p occurs in many carcinomas but is complicated by the identification of four distinct homozygous deletion regions. One putative target, 3p14.2, contains the common fragile site, FRA3B, a hereditary renal carcinoma-associated 3;8 translocation and the candidate tumor suppressor gene, FHIT. Using a approximately 300 kb comsid/lambda contig, we identified homozygous deletions in cervix, breast, lung and colorectal carcinoma cell lines. The smallest deletion (CC19) was shown not to involve FHIT coding exons and no DNA sequence alterations were present in the transcript. We also detected discontinuous deletions as well as deletions in non-tumor DNAs, suggesting that FHIT is not a selective target. Further, we demonstrate that some reported FHIT aberrations represent normal splicing variation. DNA sequence analysis of 110 kb demonstrated that the region is high in A-T content, LINEs and MER repeats, whereas Alu elements are reduced. We note an intriguing similarity in repeat sequence composition between FRA3B and a 152 kb segment from the Fragile-X region. We also identified similarity between a FRA3B segment and a small polydispersed circular DNA. In contrast to the selective loss of a tumor suppressor gene, we propose an alternative hypothesis, that some putative targets including FRA3B may undergo loss as a consequence of genomic instability. This instability is not due to DNA mismatch repair deficiency, but may correlate in part with p53 inactivation.

Acid Anhydride Hydrolases↗
PubMed1993

Quality of centralized diabetes care: a population-based study in the German Democratic Republic 1989-1990.

The efficacy of care in the centralized diabetes care system in the former German Democratic Republic was evaluated on the basis of the recommendations of the St. Vincent Declaration. Eighty-three per cent (n = 190, 46% women) of all insulin-treated diabetic patients aged 16-60 years who were registered in one district diabetes care unit were examined. Of these, 131 patients had type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes (69%) and 59 type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes (31%). All patients were on animal insulin and 96% (n = 187) had conventional therapy consisting of fixed insulin dose and a fixed diet. Levels of glycosylated haemoglobin (normal 4.15%, SD 0.54) were 6.3 +/- 1.3% in type 1 and 7.4 +/- 1.7% in type 2 diabetics. Retinopathy was found in 35% of type 1 (proliferative 3.8%) and 23% of type 2 patients (proliferative 3.4%). No patient was blind. Screening for nephropathy identified 29% of type 1 and 47% of type 2 diabetics as having albuminuria > 20 mg/l in early-morning urine. The prevalence of hypertension was 31% and 69% for type 1 and type 2 patients respectively. Foot ulcers were found in 2.1% and lower limb amputations in 2.1%. The incidence of severe hypoglycaemia (except in pregnancy) was 0.07 per patient per year. This study shows that the diabetes care system was effective and the winding up of this system with the reunification of Germany was not a medical necessity. However, the system failed to establish an integrated regime with regional general practitioners for the effective treatment of hypertension.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1993

[Illness-specific knowledge, coping with illness and metabolic control in insulin-injecting diabetic patients in a random city population].

A knowledge test about diabetes using a standardized interview was assessed in 186 (81%) of 229 insulin treated patients below the age of 60 who are registered and treated in the diabetes care unit Jena. 90% of these patients were on conventional insulin therapy. The frequency of errors was positive correlated to glycosylated haemoglobin, age and body-mass-index, it was lower in type 1 than in type 2 diabetic patients and decreased with a better education level. Deficiencies of knowledge were detected in the following areas: hyperglycaemic coma, consequence of acetone and obesitas. Knowledge regarding late complications was on a high level. 20% of type 1 and 43% of type 2 diabetic patients did not know their daily carbohydrate units. But the metabolic control in these patients was not different from the patients who know their carbohydrates exactly. Most frequent missed subjects in the patient information were reported: modern therapy strategies, insulin pumps and nutrition. 77% of all patients did not feel ill because of their diabetes and 91% reported an unchanged relationship to their family after diabetes was diagnosed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1993

[In former East Germany were diabetic patients not only "well managed", but also well treated?].

The quality of diabetes care in the former GDR 1989/90 and in former West Germany 1990/91 was compared in a case control study. The study group consisted of 83% of the diabetic patients registered in the local diabetes care unit in Jena who were on insulin. The patients (86 women, 104 men; 131 Type-I and 59 Type-II, aged 16-60 years) were in the care of the local diabetes care unit. The control group consisted of randomly selected diabetic patients of the outpatient department of the university of Düsseldorf (matched pairs). Despite a different strategy of therapy the HbA1c (Jena/Düsseldorf) was the same: 154%/153% of the mean normal value in type-I and 178%/175% in type-II. The prevalence of retinopathy in type-I and type-II and proteinuria in type-I was not different, whereas the prevalence of proteinuria in type II- and of hypertension in both types of diabetes was higher in Jena.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Effects of pseudostuttering on normal speakers' self-ratings of beauty.

Forty-three undergraduate and 12 graduate students provided numerical evaluations of their own outer beauty and inner beauty, both in class, and immediately following a pseudostuttering assignment. Both groups had significant downshifts in both parameters of beauty. The undergraduate students had greater downshifts in both areas than did the graduate students. It was concluded that, pseudostuttering assignments represent a viable instrument for allowing student clinicians to experience negative feelings as a result of stuttering, and graduate students manifested greater stability in their self-evaluations than did the undergraduate students.

Beauty↗
PubMed1981

[Semi-continuous peritoneal dialysis - an advantageous modification of the peritoneal dialysis technic].

Using a single-needle-monitor known from the haemodialysis in the peritoneal dialysis vastly automatized short cycles may be achieved which make possible an increase of effectiveness and thus a shortening of the time of dialysis. Thus patient and personnel are relieved. In the practical use the technique proved to be simple, no known complications conditioned by technique appeared.

Adolescent↗