Biomedical subjects

H Knoop

Publications and source records attributed to H Knoop.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

[Predicting the success of a benzodiazepine discontinuation programme: myths or clinical wisdom?].

BACKGROUND: After successful completion of a benzodiazepine withdrawal programme it nevertheless is hard to remain abstinent in the long term. AIM: To determine to what extent the success of a benzodiazepine discontinuation programme for psychiatric patients with chronic benzodiazepine use (> or = 3 months) can be predicted from the severity of the anxiety, sleep disorders and depressive symptoms, and from the level of benzodiazepine dependence. The predictive values of coping style and personality characteristics were also studied. METHOD: A prognostic cohort study with patients of the Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre was conducted. Before entering the programme 92 patients were given a psychological assessment. Anxiety level, benzodiazepine dependence, coping style and personality traits were measured by means of psychological questionnaires. The DSM-IV axis I classification for each patient was known. Patients who had stopped their medication immediately after the discontinuation programme ended (n = 6o) were compared with patients who had not been successful in completing the programme (n = 32). Thereafter, patients who were still abstinent at the follow-up about 2 years later (n = 25) were compared with patients who at that time /used benzodiazepine (n = 43). RESULTS: Of all the variables examined, it was only a specific coping style whereby patients expressed their (negative) emotions which was associated with the short- and long-term success of the discontinuation programme. The more patients expressed their negative emotions, the greater the chance of a successful outcome and permanent abstinence. Coping style, however, predicted for only a small proportion of the variance in the success of the discontinuation programme. CONCLUSION: The psychological characteristics and the DSM-IV axis I classifications should not exert undue influence on the clinician's decision to advise the patient to stop or continue taking benzodiazepines.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed2002

[SOP-surgical operation planning].

Our active research project DFG Eu-49/1-2 strives to the reconstruction of bone defects basing on the individual craniofacial implants prefabricated within the TICC-processing-chain. In cases of disease of the bone the defect is to plan and the bone has to be resected. The planning of the defect is done on CT- and CAD-data. The common visualisation of this different data-types (CT-data as pixel- or voxel-data on the one hand and CAD-data as geometry-data on the other hand) was not possible in the used application. The development of "Surgical Operation Planning" (SOP) results in an application between CT-visualisation and CAD-application and allows the common visualisation and planning for defect reconstructions.

Brain Neoplasms↗

PubMed1999

Apparent ileal and total-tract nutrient digestion by pigs as affected by dietary nondigestible oligosaccharides.

The effects of two types of nondigestible oligosaccharides (NDO), fructooligosaccharides (FOS), and transgalactooligosaccharides (TOS) were studied on growing and weanling pigs' nutrient digestion. Dietary NDO were included at the expense of purified cellulose. Twenty-five 57-d-old growing pigs, averaging 15.9+/-.6 kg on d 0 of the experiment, were fed a corn-based control diet or the control with 6.8 or 13.5 g of FOS/kg or 4.0 or 8.0 g of TOS/kg (five pigs per diet). Feces were collected on d 28 to 32, and small-intestinal digesta were collected (slaughter technique) on d 42 to 47 of the experiment. Feeds, feces, and digesta were analyzed for DM, inorganic matter, CP, ether extract, and crude fiber. Dietary NDO did not significantly affect apparent fecal and small intestinal digestion of nutrients in growing pigs. After being fed a NDO-free diet through d 10 after weaning, 38-d-old weanling pigs (n = 20), averaging 10.4+/-.8 kg on d 0 of the experiment, were fed a control diet (based on cornstarch, casein, and oat husk meal) or the control with 10 or 40 g of FOS or TOS/kg (four pigs per diet). Feces and urine were collected on d 13 to 17, and ileal digesta were collected via a postvalve T-cecum cannula on d 33 to 37 of the experiment. Feeds, feces, and digesta were analyzed for DM, inorganic matter, CP, ether extract, starch, NDF, ADF, ADL, Ca, P, Mg, Fe, Cu, and Zn. Nonstarch neutral-detergent soluble carbohydrates (NNSC) completed the mass balance for the carbohydrates. Urine was analyzed for N and minerals. The apparent fecal digestion of NNSC increased in the NDO-supplemented diets. The TOS-fed pigs tended (P<.10) to have a higher apparent fecal digestion of CP than the FOS-fed and control pigs but excreted more N via the urine (P<.01). Nitrogen and mineral balances were not affected. The FOS was nearly completely degraded prececally. Mean fiber digestion was lower at the fecal compared with the ileal level, as was the extent of NDO effects. This indicates that fiber digestion requires more than 2 wk to adapt to dietary NDO. Apparent ileal digestion of hemicellulose increased for the NDO-supplemented diets (P<.05), but that of NNSC decreased (P<.001). Thus, under the well-controlled conditions of this experiment, dietary NDO hardly affected nutrient digestion in well-kept growing and weanling pigs. However, digestion of dietary nonstarch carbohydrates may be affected.

Animals↗

PubMed1974