Biomedical subjects

H Kostenbauder

Publications and source records attributed to H Kostenbauder.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1979

Kinetics and mechanism of hydrolysis of 1-(2'-acetoxybenzoyl)-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranose, a novel aspirin prodrug.

The formation rate of aspirin from the prodrug was determined as a function of the pH, temperature, and dielectric constant of the solvent spectrophotometrically and was confirmed by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Aspirin formation was first order with respect to the prodrug and zero order with respect to the hydroxide-ion concentrations. The hydrolysis rate was independent of buffer concentration but very sensitive to the dielectric constant of the solvents. The half-life for the formation of aspirin at 37 degrees was 7 min. The activation energy for the hydrolysis was 23.7 kcal/mole. The results suggest that the hydrolysis of the prodrug to aspirin proceeds by an SN1-type mechanism.

Aspirin↗

PubMed1976

Maintenance of therapeutic phenytoin plasma levels via intramuscular administration.

A parenteral dosing regimen was designed for the immediate attainment and maintenance of therapeutic plasma levels of phenytoin in patients requiring anticonvulsant therapy, but not able to tolerate oral medication. An intravenous dose of 10.7 mg/kg body weight infused at a rate of 25 mg/min immediately followed by an intramuscular dose of 12.7 mg/kg body weight were administered initially. This was followed by daily intramuscular maintenance doses, generally 8.6 mg/kg body weight, until oral medication could be tolerated. Due to variability between subjects, primarily in metabolism, the predicted maintenance doses had to be adjusted in approximately one third of the patients. This regimen for the dosing of phenytoin was evaluated in 98 patients and consistently yielded therapeutic levels.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1975

Early post-traumatic epilepsy prophylaxis.

An anticonvulsant regimen is described using diphenylhydantoin specifically designed for use in the acutely head injured patient. Initial doses of diphenylhydantoin based on body weight and maintenance doses determined by plasma concentrations of the drug are utilized to provide immediate and maintainable anticonvulsant blood levels.

Craniocerebral Trauma↗