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Biomedical subjects

H Kraus

Publications and source records attributed to H Kraus.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

General anaesthesia versus epidural anaesthesia for primary caesarean section--a comparative study.

Forty-seven healthy parturients undergoing elective Caesarean section were randomly allocated to either general anaesthesia (n = 24) or epidural anaesthesia (n = 23) under standardized anaesthetic and surgical conditions. Seven women of the epidural group required additional systemic analgesia or sedation following delivery of the neonate. Nine of 24 newborns obtained 1-min Apgar scores below 7 after general anaesthesia compared to only 3/23 after epidural anaesthesia. The time period to establish normal colour in the babies was 2.2 min after epidural and 4.9 min after general anaesthesia. Three of the 24 general-anaesthesia newborns demonstrated a tendency to hypotonia compared to only one in the epidural group. Twenty-four hours and 7 days after delivery all infants of both groups were completely normal. At the time of delivery maternal PO2 was higher in the general anaesthesia compared to the epidural group, due to higher inspired oxygen concentrations. Comparable results were obtained in umbilical PO2 venous values; lower pH values, however, were observed in the umbilical artery after general anaesthesia. There were no significant differences in the glucose levels between the groups. A significant correlation was established between uterine incision-delivery interval and 1-min neonatal Apgar scores in the general-anaesthesia group, but not in the epidural group. Our investigation did not show either the incision-delivery interval or the start of operation-delivery interval to play a role in neonatal outcome. Epidural anaesthesia is superior to general anaesthesia in Caesarean section under normal conditions with regard to neonatal outcome. Whether this is also true for critical conditions cannot be concluded from this study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Keratoplasty in children].

The authors report anatomical and functional results of 24 keratoplasties in children aged 7 months to 15 years, incl. analysis of peroperative and postoperative complications. A total of 24 keratoplastics were performed on 20 eyes of 20 children. The mean follow up period was 2.1 years. Nineteen times the first operation was involved, three times the first, twice the second rekeratoplasty. The most frequent postoperative complication was an immunological reaction of the disk which occurred in 33%. It caused turbidity of five disks. After keratoplasty 11 disks remained transparent (45.8%), 10 disks became turbid (41.7%) and three disks semitransparent (12.5%). A visual acuity of 6/12 or better was recorded in 7 eyes (39%) and 6/60 and better in 6 eyes (30%). The cause of reduced visual acuity beneath 6/12 with a clear disk was in three instances amblyopia, in one case nystagmus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Diagnosis and treatment of myofascial pain.

The importance of muscle as a source of pain should not be underestimated. Proper diagnosis of the four types of muscle pain (tension, spasm, muscle deficiency, and trigger points) is essential to effective management. Pain-diagnostic instruments can quantify tenderness and spasm and help evaluate treatment results.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Surgery in sequelae of chemical and thermal burns of the eye].

The treatment of sequelae of chemical and thermal burns of the eye is sometimes very difficult. Previous to a event, keratoplasty all symblephara have to be removed. If there is no conjunctiva, transplantation from the second eye or from a donor is necessary. A method of transplantation of donor conjunctiva with a corneal lamella has been worked out as preparation for keratoplasty. Epithelium than can migrate to the transplant. In quantitative or qualitative alterations of the tears, the condition can be improved by soft contact lenses. In about one third of serious burns longtermed good results can be gained.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Secondary implantation of intraocular lenses].

In 17 eyes of 16 patients a secondary lens implantation was performed. In 10 eyes with intact posterior lens capsule a retropupillar (PC) lens was implanted, in the other 7 a AC lens. The VA was always good, in two eyes a secondary glaucoma was found, in one it was transient, in the other a LTP was performed. In one eye a decentration for posterior synechiae arose.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Catamnestic follow-up of patients with choroid melanoma].

Ninety eight patients, treated in the years 1965-1985 at IInd Ocular Clinic for melanoma were asked to answer questionnaire (or their family or district physician). Sixty one patients responded. Thirty five patients survived the operation for one to 21 years, two others survive with metastases, 13 patients died from metastases of melanoma, 11 died from other causes. From patients with spindlecellular melanoma type A, neither died from metastases, from patients with melanoma of spindlecellular type B, 33% of patients died from metastases and 33% with mixed type also died from metastases. A group of four patients with epitheloid melanoma was too small for evaluation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment of diabetes with insulin pumps. Current status and insurance medicine aspects].

The continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) by means of portable dosing devices ("insulin pumps") represents a new therapeutical principle in the treatment of type I diabetics. Developed in 1978/79, subcutaneous infusion is being used increasingly in today's routine therapy. It achieves an almost physiological distribution of insulin between a basal rate (basic insulin requirement) and additional rates (insulin requirement depending on food-intake), leading to an improvement not only in metabolism but also in the quality of patient's life (increased flexibility in everyday life). The prerequisites for successful therapy are stated and therapy-specific complications are analysed on the basis of the experience of the III. Medical Department of the City Hospital Munich-Schwabing with 104 patients over an accumulated period of 283 treatment years. An outline is given of future advancements in the field of controlled insulin dosage with the help of infusion systems. Important aspects of insurance medicine are pointed out, such as the registration of substandard risks by means of a questionnaire especially developed for that purpose and the prognostic evaluation as compared to forms of therapy applied so far. The reasons for the current classification of this new therapeutical method as prognostic/experimental are indicated and the procedure for selecting favourable risks is described.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1↗
PubMed1989

[Clinico-pathologic evaluation of one type of intraocular lens].

Four intraocular lenses of Saturn type (extrapupillar iris lens fixated in the posterior chamber) were surgically removed when bullous pseudophakic keratopathy was present, without loss of the eye-bulb, during the period of 2-6.5 years after the performed implantation. Cytologic examination of the surface of the implanted lens displayed the individual tolerance of the implant in various patients. In all cases on the surface of the lenses there was observed a reactive membrane, also in the cases of the low biological tolerance.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Working ability of patients with various forms and stages of glaucoma].

Authors evaluated the questionnaries filled by patients with glaucoma of different type treated on the Prague Second Eye Clinic. These were completed by clinical data as state of visual functions and modes and course of the treatment. Different types of glaucoma were present: open-angle glaucoma (74), angular glaucoma (34), pigmentary glaucoma (12), exfoliative glaucoma (4), congenital glaucoma (13). Operations were performed in 26.5% of eyes, laser trabeculoplasty 18.8% and laser irodotomy 15.7%, and pharmacotherapy was applied in remaining patients. Ocular disease was the cause of the change of employment in 11.6%, the total disability pension and the partial one, were acknowledged in 3.6% and, 6.6%, resp. On contrary to the previous data, the number of patients with working disability was significantly decreased in comparison with the previous data. This fact could be explained by the use of the non-miotic antiglaucomatics, laser surgery, microsurgical operations and more precise diagnostics of the earlier stages of glaucoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Retropupillary intraocular correction in traumatic cataract].

In 10 eyes with traumatic cataract (in eight eyes after perforating injuries, in two after blunt trauma) in patients from 5 1/2 to 58 years of age extracapsular extraction with retropupillar lens implantation was performed. At the same time in one patient a keratoplasty, in another a iridoplasty was performed. There were no intraoperative complications, in the postoperative course a decentration of the intraocular lens was seen two times, once secondary glaucoma and once secondary cataract. Both latter complications were cured with Nd:YAG laser. In 8 patients visual acuity was good, in one reduced for chorioretinal complications of the injury, in one for unknown reasons. In 2 from the 5 operated children transient alternations of binocular vision appeared.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Infantile myofibromatosis: a review of clinicopathology with perspectives on new treatment choices.

The fibromatoses are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by proliferation of fibroblasts. Infantile myofibromatosis is a variant that is distinctive because of its multicentric origin, appearance at birth, and cellular composition, which is predominantly myofibroblasts. We treated a patient with infantile myofibromatosis with the interesting clinical presentation of a linear lesion involving the left arm and shoulder, and aggressive hepatomegaly with jaundice secondary to fibroblastic infiltration of the common bile duct and gallbladder. Diagnosis was confirmed histologically and ultrastructurally. Excision of the cutaneous lesion was facilitated by tissue expansion of uninvolved regional tissue.

Female↗