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Biomedical subjects

H Kressel

Publications and source records attributed to H Kressel.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

The normal prostate and periprostatic structures: correlation between MR images made with an endorectal coil and cadaveric microtome sections.

This pictorial essay illustrates the normal prostate and periprostatic structures seen on MR images obtained with an endorectal coil and correlates them with anatomic structures identified on serial microtome sections of a frozen human cadaver. The correlation shows that high-resolution MR imaging allows detailed visualization of normal anatomic structures. The ability to identify the normal anatomy and to recognize pathologic alterations provides valuable information concerning clinical decision making for both benign and malignant prostatic disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Magnetic resonance imaging and scintigraphic correlation in thyroid disorders.

Thirty-nine patients (30 women and 9 men) underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and scintigraphic examinations to compare MRI evaluation qualitatively with the accepted standard of nuclear medicine diagnosis. Disorders evaluated included multinodular goiter (toxic and nontoxic), diffuse thyrotoxic states and solitary cold nodules (benign and malignant). Scintigraphy accurately detected palpable nodules and provided a gold standard against which to compare MRI findings. MRI frequently detected additional smaller nonpalpable lesions of uncertain clinical significance. High-resolution surface-coil MRI was more sensitive in detecting lesions not evident on scintigraphic images, although specificity could not be ascertained. T2-weighted images corresponded more closely to scintigraphic findings than T1. MRI provided superior anatomic detail in multiple imaging planes without any ionizing radiation exposure or need for IV contrast. MRI did not differentiate benign from malignant etiologies.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Successful localization of parathyroid adenomas by magnetic resonance imaging.

Exploration of the neck for primary hyperparathyroidism is facilitated if the parathyroid glands can be localized preoperatively. Magnetic resonance imaging is a noninvasive and relatively safe procedure that is capable of distinguishing and differentiating small soft-tissue structures. Ten patients with primary hyperparathyroidism underwent preoperative diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging followed by cervical exploration. In 9 of these patients (90 percent), imaging correctly predicted the location of a single enlarged parathyroid gland, and in one patient the findings were misleading. All 10 patients proved to have single adenomas in orthotopic locations. Based on this early experience, magnetic resonance imaging appears to be a promising technique for preoperative localization of an enlarged parathyroid gland.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1987

Application of magnetic resonance imaging technique in determining canine muscle and human free-flap viability.

Magnetic resonance imaging technique is an exciting, new, safe clinical tool that provides a noninvasive way to monitor free-tissue transfers. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) produces a cross-sectional tomographic image at higher resolution than conventional CAT scans and provides a dynamic and physiologic assessment of transferred tissue. We first studied ischemic muscle in the beagle hindlimb gracilis muscles and found an incremental and definitive increase in signal strength both over time and in comparing complete devascularization to partial devascularization. In the right hindlimb (partially devascularized), there was an average increase in T2 (measured in milliseconds) of 2.5 percent at 1 hour, 16.72 percent at 3 hours, and 16.45 percent at 12 hours as compared to normal undisturbed muscle. Similarly, the left hindlimb (completely devascularized) measurements increased from 10.97 percent at 1 hour to 24.02 percent at 3 hours to 47.75 percent at 12 hours. Possible explanations for T2 increases include an increase in intercellular and intracellular water, a change in pH, and possible protein metabolism changes. Clinical studies in seven patients with free flaps have shown "normal" T2 values in healthy tissue comparable to undisturbed canine gracilis muscle and the change in contour and composition of tissue over time. The clinical usefulness of these data is apparent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

MR imaging of marrow changes adjacent to end plates in degenerative lumbar disk disease.

MR studies of the lumbar spine in 41 patients were analyzed at 203 disk interspaces to assess the appearance and frequency of bone marrow signal changes in the vertebral bodies adjacent to normal and degenerated disks. Degenerative changes were found at 58 interspaces; an abnormal bone marrow signal was identified in 29 (50%) of these. On spin-echo pulse sequences with short and long repetition times (TRs) and echo times (TEs), an area of relative increased signal intensity was seen in the vertebral body adjacent to the disk in 24 cases (17 were bandlike on both sides of the disk, four were focal on one side of the disk, and three were bandlike and focal on one or both sides of the disk). In one patient decreased signal was noted on both short and long TR/TE imaging. In the other four patients decreased signal was noted on short TR/TE pulse sequences and increased signal was evident on long TR/TE. These marrow changes were not present adjacent to normal disks. The relatively high signal intensity on both short and long TR/TE pulse sequences suggests that the increased signal resulted from the conversion of normal hemopoietic bone marrow to fatty marrow. We conclude that bandlike or focal areas of high signal intensity in the bone marrow adjacent to degenerated intervertebral disks occur commonly on MR images of the spine and must not be confused with signal changes from tumors or infections involving the disk space and adjacent vertebral end plates.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging in gynecology.

Nuclear magnetic resonance proton imaging is a new imaging technique that holds promise for gynecologic diagnosis. Without the use of ionizing radiation, it provides images with excellent definition of the major pelvic organs. The extent and nature of disease are well demonstrated. In this report, an introduction to the principles of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging is given and several clinical examples that reveal the potential uses of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging in the female pelvis are shown.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

MR imaging of the mediastinum: a retrospective comparison with computed tomography.

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the mediastinum was performed with a 0.12 T resistive magnet and compared with the results of CT. On T1 weighted images with partial saturation technique, soft tissue masses, lymphadenopathy, lipomatosis, and vascular anatomy were comparable with MR and CT imaging in 19 of 30 patients (63.3%). In the remaining 11 patients only slight differences between the two modalities were observed. Our experience suggests that MR imaging at low field strength is equivalent to CT in the morphologic assessment of the mediastinum without the need for administration of intravenous contrast medium or exposure to ionizing radiation.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Herpes simplex esophagitis: a cause of upper-gastrointestinal bleeding.

Two patients with hemorrhagic esophagitis secondary to esophageal invasion with herpes simplex virus, type 1, are reported. Microscopic examination of the esophageal mucosa revealed multinucleated cells and intranuclear inclusions which are typical of herpes simplex infection. Herpes virus was cultured from each patient. Thus, hemorrhagic esophagitis due to esophageal invasion by herpes simplex virus may be a more frequent cause of upper-gastrointestinal bleeding than previously recognized.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation of cine MR imaging with two-dimensional pulsed Doppler echocardiography in valvular insufficiency.

Eight adults with known valvular insufficiency were studied with cine magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Our cine MR uses cardiac synchronization of a rapid small flip angle pulse sequence on a 1.5 T MR system. Eleven regurgitant lesions (including aortic, mitral, and tricuspid valves) were imaged with both cine MR and two-dimensional pulsed Doppler echocardiography (2-DPDE). In each case of significant regurgitation the jet of valvular insufficiency was easily seen as a discrete area of low signal with cine MR. Not only was the regurgitant jet identified but also its relative severity agreed well with the 2-DPDE results. In two patients the regurgitant lesions were identified on cine MR prior to 2-DPDE. In addition to the regurgitant jet, chamber enlargement and wall thickening were also well demonstrated. Cine MR is a promising modality for both the detection and semiquantification of valvular insufficiency.

Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗