Biomedical subjects

H Kubesová

Publications and source records attributed to H Kubesová.

18 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1995

[Subcutaneous chamber systems (ports) for long-term care in cancer patients].

Maintenance of satisfactory and safe venous access in cancer patients is part of a comprehensive care of cancer patients. As the Hickman/Broviac catheter is today used an implantable port. This port is placed in a subcutaneous pocket. The catheter connected to the port leads into the central vein, usually through the subclavian vein. An application of drugs in the port is done trough the skin. In this time could be used different types of ports, one or two chambers port, low profil port, peripheral port and others. In this paper we reported our two-years experience with 33 totally implantable access systems, which has been implanted in patients with cancer in Masaryk University Hospital Brno Bohunice. In our department was most frequently used port the nonmetallic port IMPLANTOFIX (BRAUN MELSUNGEN). All ports were in place for a total of 5,582 days, in average of 169 days. A frequency of complications were 2.15 on 1,000 days. Four ports were in place for longer than 1 year. A comparison of the incidence of complications in the present study with an analysis of 23 studies reported in literature was satisfactory. Minimal maintenance care, no restriction of life activity, improving quality of life and probably less frequency of infection complications, identify it as a significant advantage for the satisfactory maintenance of venous access of oncology patients in comparison with Hickman/Broviac catheter. Both the patients and the nursing staff showed a very high degree of satisfaction with this system. In cancer patients, especially with poor venous access, and prognosis longer than 6 months can be indicated this system with the advantage for patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

[The effect of selective decontamination on malignant hematologic diseases treated with aggressive chemotherapy].

The authors analyzed the course of 100 cycles of chemotherapy administered on account of haematological oncological disease: 66 cycles with administration of selective decontamination and 34 without its administration. Based on an analysis of the gut flora they provided evidence of the necessity of concurrent administration of originally separately administered antibiotics and of the necessity to replace nystatin by amphotericin B. They found a significant reduction of the incidence of infectious complications, the number of days with a body temperature above 38 and reduced consumption of antibiotics. The authors found a different composition of the agents causing infectious complications--a reduction of the ratio of Gram-negative agents and an increase of Gram-positive agents and fungi and also in increased percentage of fever of unknown origin. By analysis of the sensitivity of the detected microbes to antibiotics the authors assessed changes in the resistance caused by administration of selective decontamination and assessed the order of assumed effectiveness of the tested antibiotics.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Blood component replacement in bone marrow aplasia in patients after aggressive chemotherapy for malignant hematologic diseases].

Aggressive chemotherapy of malignant haematological diseases causes long-term aplasia of bone marrow and it is necessary to supplement blood elements repeatedly. When procuring blood derivates frequently dramatic situations develop. In an attempt to prevent alloimmunization of the patient by careful selection of the donor the time interval between indication and administration of the transfusion is prolonged. The objective of the present work was to attempt an estimate, as regards time and amount, for transfusion of blood derivates. The authors analyzed 100 cycles of aggressive chemotherapy with regard to changes of the haemogram. The group was divided arbitrarily with regard to the initial value of different components of the haemogram and for these portions of the group a time schedule of check-up examinations of the haemogram and of the assumed time of indication of transfusion of blood derivates was elaborated. In patients with an initial values of red blood cells above 3.5 x 10(12)/l the first transfusion is usually needed on the 8th day after the beginning of chemotherapy, in patients with a values lower than 3.0 x 10(12)/l after the initial supplementation a further drop may be expected already on the 4th day. Indication of replacement of thrombocytes can be expected in patients with an initial thrombocyte value above 120 x 10(9)/l cca on the 8th day, in patients with an initial thrombocyte value of 30 x 10(9)/l after initial replacement indication of another transfusion can be anticipated already on the 4th day after the beginning of chemotherapy.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Early empiric antibiotic therapy of infectious complications in patients with neutropenia].

Aggressive chemotherapy used at present for the treatment of malignant haematological diseases leads to prolonged aplasia of the bone marrow with the possible development of fulminant infectious complications. Treatment of these complications must be started immediately when they are detected, i.e. as a rule without knowing the bacteriological finding at the time. The objective of the present work was to assess by analysis of 376 positive bacteriological findings from hospitalized patients with neutropenia and 141 findings of immunocompromised patients in their homes a combination of antibiotics for empirical treatment of infectious complications which developed during hospitalization or treatment at home.

Adult↗

PubMed1987

Guanfacine in the treatment of hypertensives with a pronounced response to exercise and diabetes mellitus.

The authors assessed the antihypertensive effect of guanfacine (Estulic Sandoz) in 28 stage II hypertensive patients with a pronounced pressure response to the isometric test. Over a period of 4.3 months on the average, they managed to normalise both resting and exercise blood pressure in 89% of subjects. In another study, the authors administered guanfacine to 30 I- and II- type diabetics with essential, primarily stage I, hypertension. Over an average of 6 months, blood pressure normalised in 81% and, when using a guanfacine-saluretic combination, in additional 11%, that is, in a total of 92% of patients. It has been demonstrated that guanfacine has no adverse metabolic action. By contrast, the level of compensation of diabetes mellitus improved allowing 50% of patients to decrease their doses of oral antidiabetic drugs and insulin as well. The authors believe that, in diabetics with hypertension, guanfacine can be rightly regarded as the drug of first choice since it is effective in single-drug therapy and can be used with advantage in patients with whatever complication of diabetes mellitus.

Antihypertensive Agents↗

PubMed1986