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Biomedical subjects

H Kuni

Publications and source records attributed to H Kuni.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Mammography screening--neglected aspects of radiation risks].

It is generally assumed that the radiation risk from mass screening for breast cancer may be neglected. This is questionable in view of the high biological effectiveness of low energy X-rays used in radiography of the breasts. The hormone replacement therapy for elderly women must be considered as a further cause for unexpected high rates of radiation-induced breast cancer cases. Each normal population of women, moreover, contains a very radiosensitive subgroup: the women bearing a mutation of the gene BRCA 1 or BRCA 2. In these, repeated X-ray use must be definitely avoided.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Renal kinetics of contrast media in unilateral diseased kidney (author's transl)].

In order to utilize excretory urography for urological diagnosis as optimal as possible renal physiology and pathophysiology as well as urodynamics have to be fully considered. Experimental and clinical data of various degrees of bilateral renal insufficiency, unilateral renal impairment and unilateral hydronephrosis were used to compute plasma and urinary concentrations of contrast media in the diseased and contralateral kidney. The results can be summarized as follows: 1. In bilateral renal insufficiency without hydronephrosis delayed exposures do not improve the diagnostic findings. Increased administration of contrast media increases naturally the urinary concentration.--2. In unilateral renal impairment only high degrees of impairment are of clinical significance. The excretory urography therefore is not suitable for split function tests. In high degrees of impairment diagnostic results can be improved by delayed exposures up to 6 hours.--3. In general, delayed exposures improve the diagnostic results in hydronephrosis. In chronic hydronephrosis with high degrees of renal impairment the obstruction often can still be localized by use of continuous infusion urography. This investigation method is tolerated well, if the contraindications of highly osmotic substances and high fluid intake are considered.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1980

[Non-erythrocyte 51Cr-activity--new results concerning an old labeling method (author's transl)].

Beside the yield of labeled erythrocytes the purity of the suspension of erythrocytes ready for injection from nonerythrocyte activity (NE51Cr) is an important criterion for the quality of the 51Cr-labeling method. After presentation of an especially precise method for measuring the NE51Cr the parameters influencing the NE51Cr in the main were investigated and the NE51Cr was analysed using different methods of separation of its components. ACD was used as anticoagulant. The results demonstrate that chromate-ions diffuse into the erythrocyte nearly completely in a very short time (max. 2.5 min). The incubation time (ICT: Time of the contact of erythrocyte and 51Cr) has an important influence in forming charged and/or neutral chromium (III)-citrate-complexes, which diffuse in part into the erythrocyte and lose the chromium ion inside the erythrocyte to other binding partners. The ion exchangeable anionic chromium-citrate-complexes preponderate in main against neutral and possibly existing cationic complexes. This part increases with increasing ICT. Only about the half of the complexes is protein bound (loosely in main), only a minimal part of the activity can be precipitated by ethanol. Using standard conditions in the Signette-method for rapidly 51Cr-labeling of erythrocytes with purification by an anionexchanger (ICT: 10 min) the NE51Cr is about 2.5%. The influence of varied conditions can be read form a nomogram. Reducing agents in the blood have some importance in extreme conditions, e. g. after 2.5 g L-ascorbic acid the NE51Cr is 5%. The in-vivo time course of two thirds of this activity shows a half time of more than 24 hours.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1978

[Epidemiology of struma in ambulant patients (author's transl)].

The number of regional claims was obtained from data on 2408 patients. By the number of regional claims we mean the number of claims for a defined performance in relation to the population living in a certain region; in the present investigation the first claims for in vivo diagnostic thyroid examinations within the administrative area. We found a great reduction of the regional claims in the country administrative areas surrounding Marburg, which was accompanied by a relative increase in advanced disease findings which included some who should have sought medical advice earlier. The disparities demonstrated also show that conclusions should only be drawn on taking into account the area of origin of the disease statistics from the patient data from the facilities of the Department of Health.

Epidemiologic Methods↗
PubMed1975

Continuous infusion urography in unilateral hydronephrosis.

In cases of unilateral hydronephrosis the urine concentration of contrast medium, for example diatrizoate, depends on the remaining renal function, the rate of turnover in the obstructed renal pelvis and the function of the contralateral kidney. Contrast medium for a single injection or a short infusion time is rapidly excreted by the normal contraleteral kidney, without allowing high enough plasma levels long enough for sufficient urine concentrations in the hydronephrotic kidney. This excretion rate can be compensated for by continuous infusion urography for several hours with large doses of contrast medium (up to 1,250 ml. 30 per cent diatrizoate). This method was theoretically computerized, tested in animals experiments and clinically used in 11 patients. It can improve the diagnostic possibilites of excretory urography, especially in cases of unilateral obstruction, and can minimize the need for retrograde pyelography with its known complications.

Aged↗