Biomedical subjects

H Kunstek-Santos

Publications and source records attributed to H Kunstek-Santos.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1977

[Propionate negative saccharolytic bacteroides strains (B. oralis)-occurrence, identification, antimicrobial susceptibility and serological behaviour (author's transl)].

Twenty-three propionate negative non-pigmented Bacteroides strains were isolated from mixed infections (peritonitis, endometritis, abscess of the abdominal wall etc.) as well as vaginal secretions of healthy parturients in the course of 3 years. The cultures were indole negative, produced acetic, isobutyric and isovaleric acids and had a final pH of 5.0-5.5 in glucose broth; they were assigned to B. oralis as described by LOESCHE and coworkers in 1964. tpathogenic significance of this organism may be assumed in those cases of mixed infection where the microbial association consisted solely of gram-positive species with low virulence (lactobacilli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Peptococcaceae). Antibiotic susceptibility of 12 B. oralis strains was studied by tube dilution tests. Resistance to cephalosporins was detected in 8 strains, about half of them were resistant to ampicillin and penicillin G. Like other Bacteroides species, the B. oralis strains showed resistance to aminoglycosides and sensitivity to clindamycin, chloramphenicol and erythromycin. The serological behaviour of 9 B. oralis strains was studied in cross-agglutinationation and gel-diffusion experiments. Cross-reactivity was particularly pronounced in immunodiffusion tests with autoclaved extracts. According to the results obtained, the strains belonged to a homogeneous group with 1-2 identical antigens. These B. oralis antigens were shared by B. melaninogenicus ss. intermedius 2965. There were, however, no cross-reactions between the aforementioned strains and B. melaninogenicus ss. melaninogenicus 8117/1. The taxonomic implications of a close relationship between B. oralis and B. melaninogenicus ss. intermedius are discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

Susceptibility to erythromycin of anaerobes of the genera Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Sphaerophorus, Veillonella, Clostridium, Corynebacterium, Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus.

The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of erythromycin were determined by broth dilution tests for 313 anaerobic strains, most of which were clinical isolates. All the gram-positive anaerobes tested (84 Peptococcaceae, including 21 Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and 15 Peptococcus variabilis; 65 Corynebacterium acnes and 29 Clostridium strains, including 13 C. perfringens) were sensitive (MIC values 0.012 through 3.12 microgram erythromycin/ml); so were 111 cultures of gram-negative anaerobes (52 Bacteroides fragilis, 12 B. thetaiotaomicron, 7 B. vulgatus, 13 B. oralis, 4 B. melaninogenicus, 10 Sphaerophorus necrophorus, 2 Veillonella sp., 11 members of other species). Erythromycin at concentrations of 6.25 through 200.0 microgram/ml was active against 24 strains (1 B. fragilis, 4 Fusobacterium fusiforme, 9 Sph. freundi, 10 Sph. varius). The present results are compared to the limited number of reports existing with regard to the susceptibility of anaerobes to erythromycin.

Bacteroides↗

PubMed1975

[Bacteroides and appendicitis (author's transl)].

Bacteroides fragilis is frequently recovered from cases of appendicitis with perforation and from infections developing secondary to appendicitis. In order to assess the part played by B. fragilis in the aetiology of appendicitis, quantitative aerobic and anaerobic culture studies of the contents of 49 inflammated appendices were performed. Anaerobic gram-negative non-sporing rods were cultivated from 43 appendices in the range 10(3)-10(9)/g. A total of 1,473 isolates was differentiated by biochemical methods, and 1,374 cultures were found to belong to the saccharolytic species of the genus Bacteroides (B. fragilis, B. thetaiotaomicron, B. vulgatus, B. distasonis etc.). B fragilis was detected in 31 appendices; the species predominated in 18 samples. B theraiotamicron, recovered from 27 samples, was prevalent in 4 appendices. In one sample, B. fragilis and B. thetaiotaomicron outnumbered the other appendicular bacterial. B. vulgatus was cultivated from 12 appendices, but did once constitute the prevalent group. It has been previously shown that B. vulgatus (43% of intestinal isolates) and B. thetaiomicron predominate in the normal narge bowel flora. On the other hand, approximately 80% of pyrogenic Bacteroides strains belong to B. fragilis, B. thetaiotaomicron accounting for 19% and B. vulgatus being virtually absent. From these striking differences in species distribution the conclusion was drawn that B. fragilis possesses the highest virulence for man. Species distribution within the 1,374 appendicular isolates of saccharolytic Bacteroides (percentages of 62, 19 and 4.3 for B. fragilis, B. thetaiotaomicron, and B. vulgatus, respectively) was very similar to that encountered in clinical specimens. From the results obtained it becomes evident that pyrogenic Bacteroides, in particular B. fragilis, plays an important role in nearly 50% of cases of appendicitis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1975

[A new butyric acid-producing bacteroides species: B. splanchnicus n. sp. (author's transl)].

Three butyric acid-producing saccharolytic Bacteroides cultures (1651/6, BM 158, and IPP 3751) were described by WERNER and REICHERTZ in 1971 (Zbl.Bakt.Hyg., I. Abt. Orig. A 217,206-216). Since then, 6 strains closely resembling 1651/6 were isolated from stool specimens and surgically removed appendices. In the present communication, strains 1651/6, S2/34, S3/38, S4/28, S6/6, A5/2 are described as members of a new species, Bacteroides splanchnicus n.sp. The strains were morphologically very similar (Gram negative non-sporing non-motile rods, 1-2.5 mu in length and 0.7 mu in width) and fermented glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose, lactose, and arabinose (pH values of 4.6-5.4, moderate gas formation). Negative reactions (pH values of 5.8-7.2) were observed with 20 other carbohydrates. The strains were positive in the glutamic acid decarboxylase test and formed indole and H2S. In peptone-yeast extract broth and peptone-yeast extract-glucose broth acetic, propionic, isobutyric, butyric, and isovaleric acids were produced. Washed cells of strains 1651/6 and S4/28 incubated anaerobically in sterile solutions of single amino acids produced butyrate from lysine only. Abundant butyric acid was also produced from glucose. The in vitro activity of 15 antibiotics on 5 strains was studied by broth dilution tests. Uniformly, the strains showed resistance to aminoglycosides and polymyxins (MIC values, 60-500 mug/ml) and susceptibility to tetracyclines, lincomycin, clindamycin, rifampicin, and erythromycin (MIC values, 0.05-0.5 mug/ml). Chloramphenicol, penicillins, and cephalosporins showed bacteriostatic activity at concentrations of 5-40 mug/ml. The serological behaviour of 5 strains was studied in cross-agglutination and gel-diffusion experiments. Cross-reactivity was pronounced in gel-diffusion tests using rabbit antisera and autoclaved extracts and extracts prepared by repeated deep-freezing and thawing of whole cell suspensions as antigens. However, antisera against the B. splanchnicus strains did not react with antigens of B. fragilis 6869, B. thetaiotaomicron AS 126, B. vulgatus AM 45 a, B. distasonis AII 104 and butyric acid-producing strains BM 158 and IPP 3751 in agglutination and gel-diffusion experiments, and there were no cross-reactions between B. splanchnicus antigens and antisera against B. fragilis 6869 and the other aforementioned strains. The new species has been confirmed by members of the ICSB Taxonomic Subcommittee for Gram negative anaerobic rods. Strains 1651/6 and S4/28 have been deposited in The National Collection of Type Cultures, London (NCTC numbers 10825 and 10826). Strain NCTC 10825 (= 1651/6) is the type of the species, B. splanchnicus.

Acetates↗