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Biomedical subjects

H Kunze

Publications and source records attributed to H Kunze.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Voting rights of psychiatric patients (author's transl)].

An initial inquiry among patient of mental hospitals on their participation in the Land Parliament elections in Hesse in 1978 revealed an extremely low quota (7.5% only). Hence, before the Federal Parliament elections were held in 1980, the staff and patients of the mental hospitals in Hesse and Rhineland-Palatinate had been informed in detail on the patients' right to vote and on possible difficulties in translating this right into reality. A bare one-fifth of the patients did actually vote as a result of this information campaign. This is partly due to the fact that the mental patients themselves have rather hazy notions about their rights - and this applies equally to the staff and to the civic authorities, Several practical difficulties which stand in the way of the patients in exercising their civil rights, came to light on this occasion.

Germany, West↗
PubMed1981

[Phospholipase A in the semen. Occurrence, properties and possible physiological significance].

Phospholipase A2 activities have been detected in seminal plasmas of different vertebrates. These enzyme activities significantly correlate with the prostanoid contents. Considering these findings and the general regulatory function of phospholipase A2 in prostanoid biosynthesis, it is concluded that the seminal phospholipase A2 functions in triggering biosynthesis of seminal prostanoids, both being released predominantly by the vesicular and/or prostate glands. Phospholipase A2, which has been purified to homogeneity from human seminal plasma as the obviously richest enzyme source, clearly resembles pancreatic phospholipase A2 in many of its properties. In principle stimulatory as well as inhibitory effects of various drugs on fertility seem to be possible via alterations in the biosynthesis of seminal prostanoids as a consequence of drug effects on phospholipase A2 activities.

Fertility↗
PubMed1979

[EEG changes during clozapin administration compared to other neuroleptic agents. Controlled case study in a particular patient].

A hyperactive mentally retarded patient receiving clozapin and other major tranquilizers had an unexpected seizure. The EEG revealed severe pathological patterns which disappeared after discontinuation of clozapin and could be reproduced as a function of clozapin medication. Other major tranquilizers had no particular effects. This study demonstrates how we determined whether clozapin or other major tranquilizers had seizure-promoting effects in a particular patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Indomethacin treatment of acute experimental pancreatitis in the rat.

Indomethacin given orally or intramuscularly before or shortly after induction of acute sodium-taurocholate or olive-oil-induced pancreatitis in rats reduced the lethality. Neither the enzyme content of serum, ascites, and pancreatic tissue nor the damage to the organ itself were changed under the influence of indomethacin. Thus a modification of systemic effects of acute pancreatitis may be responsible for the beneficial effect of indomethacin.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Phospholipase A2 and prostaglandins in human seminal plasma.

Lipolytic activity toward phospholipids in human seminal plasma had been ascribed to phospholipase A2 (17). The enzyme is soluble, heat stable at pH 5, requires Ca2+ for optimal activity, inhibited by ionic and nonionic detergents, and catalyzes the hydrolysis of the fatty acids in the 2 position of various sonicated phospholipids. In 12 healthy fertile and 20 subfertile individuals, the total phospholipase A2 activity toward radioactively labeled phosphatidylethanolamine has been compared with the total amounts of prostaglandins E and F, which have been determined by specific radioimmunoassay. There is a statistically significant correlation (p is less than 0.01) between total phospholipase A2 activity and prostaglandin E (and F) contents in the seminal plasma. It is concluded that phospholipase A2 is secreted along with prostaglandins into seminal plasma. This seminal phospholipase A2 possibly reflects the initial step of substrate release for prostaglandin biosynthesis in the human male reproductive system.

Calcium↗
PubMed1976

Effects of local anaesthetics on phospholipases.

1. The effects of six local anaesthetics have been studied on the activities of soluble phospholipases A2 (EC 3.1.1.4) and lysophospholipase (EC 3.1.1.5). 2. Phospholipase A2 activity in human seminal plasma towards sonicated radioactively-labelled phosphatidylethanolamine was slightly stimulated a low and inhibited at high concentrations of all anaesthetic compounds employed. The order of decreasing potency was chlorpromazine, dibucaine, tetracaine, lidocaine, cocaine and procaine. In line with previous findings, the mode of inhibition was seen to be competitive with respect to Ca2+. 3. Phospholipase A2 activity in crude venom of Crotalus adamanteus was not affected or slightly stimulated by local anaesthetics up to 10(-2) M concentrations, when egg yolk was used as substrate. However, with sonicated radioactively-labelled phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidylethanolamine as substrate, stimulation of phospholipase activity was seen with all local anaesthetics up to 10(-2) M, the order of decreasing potency again being chlorpromazine, dibucaine, tetracaine, lidocaine, cocaine and procaine. The mode of stimulation was seen to be un-competitive with respect to substrate and probably independent of any involvement of Ca2+. 4. As in seminal plasma phospholipase A2, the activity in crude Naja naja venom towards sonicated radioactively labelled phosphatidylcholine was stimulated at low and inhibited at high concentrations of dibucaine and chloropromazine, for example. The mode of inhibition was seen to be competitive with respect to Ca2+, whereas stimulation by the anaesthetic drugs was independent of Ca2+. Binding between drug and enzyme was demonstrated by equilibration filtration of purified phospholipase A2 of Naja naja venom through a Sephadex G 25-fine column, previously equilibrated with 0.5 mM radioactively labelled chlorpromazine. 5. Lysophospholipase activity in rat liver cytosol towards radioactively labelled lysophosphatidylcholine was inhibited by all local anaesthetics used; the order of decreasing potency was chlorpromazine, dibucaine, tetracaine, cocaine, lidocaine and procaine. The inhibition was un-competitive with respect to substrate. 6. The inhibitory and stimulatory potencies of the local anaesthetics employed closely parallel their lipid solubilities and anaesthetic potencies.

Anesthetics, Local↗
PubMed1976

Effects of local anaesthetics on the lipase of Rhizopus arrhizus.

1. A number of local anaesthetics were shown to inhibit the hydrolytic activity of a partially purified lipase from the mold Rhizopus arrhizur towards both triacylglycerol and phospholipid substrates. 2. Irrespective of whether triacylglycerol or phospholipid substrates were used, the inhibition was uncompetitive with respect to the substrate, independent of Ca2+ concentration, but pH dependent. 3. The inhibitory activity of the local anaesthetics studied closely paralleled the anaesthetic potency of the compounds.

Anesthetics, Local↗
PubMed1976

Phosphatidylethanolamide derivatives of prostaglandins E1 and E2.

Prostaglandins E1 (PGE1) and E2 (PGE2) have been coupled with the amine group of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) by means of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. These complexes basically mimic the relaxant and contractile effects of the corresponding free prostaglandins (PGs) on various smooth muscle preparations, but exhibit a delayed onset of action and a lower affinity for the PG receptors. The complexes are comparable with the free, parent PGs, in their intrinsic activities. The same holds true for the effects on blood pressure and on the motility of the uterus in situ. The PGE2-PE complex is hydrolysed to release obviously free PGE2 by cell-free homogenates prepared from various tissues, but not by blood plasma. The PGE2-PE complex is immunologically indistinguishable from the free PGE2.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Inhibition of rat liver cholesterol esterase by local anaesthetics.

1. A number of local anaesthetics was shown to inhibit rat liver cholesterol esterase activity towards radioactively labelled cholesterol oleate. The anaesthetics inhibited in the order dibucaine greater than chlorpromazine greater than tetracaine greater than benzocaine greater than procaine greater than lidocaine greater than cocaine. 2. The mode of inhibition was seen to be non-competitive with respect to the substrate and is probably independent of any involvement of Ca2+. 3. The inhibition by tetracaine is partially reversed by sodium deoxycholate. However, all ionic and non-ionic detergents studied, sodium deoxycholate, sodium taurocholate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide are capable of inhibiting the rat liver cholesterol esterase in a concentration dependent manner. Only sodium taurocholate stimulates enzymic activity.

Anesthetics, Local↗