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Biomedical subjects

H Kurauchi

Publications and source records attributed to H Kurauchi.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Study of blood flow in hyperthermia using human renal cell carcinoma heterotransplanted in nude mice--differences in histological tumour pattern upon the effects of hyperthermia].

Utilizing two types of human renal cell carcinoma heterotransplanted in nude mice (JRC 1; papillary, avascular pattern, grade III, JRC 11; anaplastic and alveolar, hypervascular pattern, grade IV), we investigated the influence of tumor blood flow upon the effects of local hyperthermia (42.5 degrees C), induced by 915 MHz microwave. Blood flow was determined from the rate of thermal clearance by use of the bio-heat transfer equation. The rate of thermal clearance was measured at intervals of approximately 10 minutes throughout the treatment session after turning off the microwave for 50 seconds. With both strains it was necessary to increase the microwave power until the constant steady-state temperature of 42.5 degrees C was reached. The JRC 11 strain needed more power for the constant temperature than JRC 1, but it needed a greater decrease in power level during the heating session to maintain a constant steady-state temperature. This was an indication that the tumour blood flow decreased more markedly in the JRC 11 strain. In both tumours, a decrease of blood flow was observed during the heating session. In the case of the JRC 1 strain, it was observed that the mean value of blood flow was 1.87 times higher than that of JRC 11. This indicated a sharp reduction in blood flow in JRC 11 strain. This reduction was confirmed by the thermal clearance measurement at the end of the treatment session. A sharp reduction in blood flow in hypervascular tumour (JRC 11 strain) is caused by a stasis of intra-tumoural blood circulation during the heating.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[A case of paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma].

A case of paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma in an 18-year-old male is reported. The patient was admitted for swelling of the right scrotum and right inguinal pain. Malignant tumor of the right testis was suspected and a high inguinal orchiectomy was performed. The pathological diagnosis was paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma. Following retroperitoneal lymph node extirpation, chemotherapy, so-called CYVADIC therapy, consisting of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, adriamycin and dacarbazine was employed in 3 regions. The patient is in good health without recurrence 16 months after the surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical study of undifferentiated renal cell carcinoma in comparison with well differentiated cases].

UNLABELLED: During the past 28 years, 397 patients with renal cell carcinoma were treated at The Jikei University Hospital and its related institutions. Of these, 44 cases with undifferentiated renal cell carcinoma (grade IV) were compared with well differentiated cases (grade I), with regard to following 5 clinicopathological items: 1) general clinical features such as distribution of patient ages, sex ratio, affected side, the relationship of age and the volume of nephrectomized kidney, 2) angiographic appearance, 3) distribution of stages, 4) distribution of metastatic organs, 5) survival rates of each grade and each stage. THE RESULTS: 1) There was no specific trend in the distribution of affected ages, sex ratio and affected side of the tumour, but the volume of nephrectomized kidney in grade IV cases was much larger than that of the kidneys in grade 1 cases. Furthermore, in grade IV cases, the older the patient, the much lighter was the nephrectomized kidney. 2) No specific trends were observed in the angiographic pattern in the two groups. 3) Regarding stages, 75% of patients with the grade IV had stage IV carcinoma. But, 69% of patients with grade I had stage I. 4) Grade IV patients had a high incidence of lung and liver metastasis compared with grade I, which had a high incidence of bone metastasis. 5) Patients in grade IV and in grade I with stages I-III carcinomas lived longer than any grade with stage IV. So the undifferentiated renal cell carcinoma should be treated with adjuvant therapy even in low stage.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Nephrectomy in renal carcinoma with distant metastasis.

A total of 96 cases of renal carcinoma with distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis was studied. The patients were classified into 4 groups: Group O (16) in whom nephrectomy was not performed, Group A (51) who died due to carcinoma within 1 year of nephrectomy, Group B (25) who died due to carcinoma 1 to 3 years after nephrectomy, and Group C (4) who survived for 3 years or more after nephrectomy. Six clinical measurements were evaluated: haemoglobin, ESR, alpha 2 globulin, temperature, weight and C reactive protein. In addition, performance status, the number of organs with metastases, number of metastatic lesions and tumour growth rate were measured. The results showed that in patients surviving for 1 year or more after nephrectomy, there was an abnormality in the results of 3 or less of the 6 clinical measurements, performance was 0 or 1, and the carcinoma had metastasised to only one organ. In addition, it was found that the growth of metastatic lesions in patients who survived for 3 years or more was much slower than in the other patients. Nephrectomy was found to be effective in only 27% of our cases and we consider that careful deliberation should be made pre-operatively as to whether nephrectomy is really necessary in patients with metastasis. The decision should be made on the basis of the results obtained in the 6 clinical measurements given above.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Partial nephrectomy for renal tumors].

We performed partial nephrectomy in 5 patients with renal tumors. In 1 patient with synchronous bilateral renal cell carcinoma, radical nephrectomy was conducted simultaneously for the contralateral kidney. The second patient had a transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis of the contralateral side, for which the pelvis was resected simultaneously. In the remaining 3 patients the contralateral kidney was normal. In these patients the tumor was less than 3.0 cm in size and localized in either the upper pole or peripheral region, for which partial nephrectomy was performed. The weight of the resected kidney ranged 6 to 35 g with a mean of 18.2 g. The tumor size was 1.8 to 4.0 cm, the mean being 2.4 cm. Tumor grading was renal cell carcinoma grade 1 in 2 patients, grade 2 in 2 patients and oncocytoma in one patient. In all patients the tumor was encapsulated with a pseudocapsule with no involvement of the perinephric fat, venous or regional lymph nodes, and the tumor was diagnosed as pT2V0N0M0, stage I. In none of the patients intraoperative or postoperative complications developed with renal function of the operated kidney normal. The follow up interval after the operation was 5 years in 1 patients and 6 months to 1 year and 2 months in the remaining 4 patients. All patients have survived without metastasis or local recurrence in the operated kidney. We believe that partial nephrectomy is worth performing in selected patients with renal cell carcinoma not only in those having lesion in solitary kidney or bilateral kidneys but also in those whose function of the contralateral kidney is normal.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1989

[Accuracy of computed tomography in the staging of renal cell carcinoma].

Computed tomography (CT) was performed in a total 124 cases of renal cell carcinoma to determine perinephric invasion, venous invasion and involvement of the regional lymph node. The findings obtained were compared with pathological findings. CT findings for invasion of perinephric fat showed a sensitivity of 82%, specificity of 82 and accuracy of 82%. For adjacent organ invasion CT findings revealed a sensitivity of 90%, specificity of 100% and accuracy of 99%. As to venous invasion CT findings showed a sensitivity of 86%, specificity of 97%, and accuracy of 95%, and for lymph node involvement CT findings revealed a sensitivity of 80%, specificity of 98%, accuracy of 96%. Although the accuracy is not so high in diagnosing invasion of perinephric fat, CT scan was proven to be a valuable diagnostic measure for detection of adjacent organ invasion, venous invasion and lymph node involvement, thus helping to select a suitable surgical approach.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A partial nephrectomy in renal cell carcinoma].

Two patients with a renal cell carcinoma under went a partial nephrectomy. In both these cases the renal cell carcinoma had been detected incidentally and the lesion was a localized small tumor. Therefore, a partial nephrectomy was performed similarly, the tumor size was 1.8 x 1.7 cm in both cases, but the histologic grading was grade 1 in one case and grade 2 in the other though the stage was pT2VoNoMo, stage 1 in both. We thus consider it recommendable that a partial nephrectomy be performed not only in cases of a solitary or bilateral renal cell carcinoma but also in selected cases of a renal cell carcinoma with normal contralateral kidney.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1988

[Unexpected renal cell carcinomas found during the operation in renal calculus: report of two cases].

Case 1: A 58-year-old man was seen with dull pain over the left flank. The X-ray examination revealed a renal stone in the left kidney. On operation, a globular hard mass was found in the lower portion of the posterior aspect of the kidney from which a biopsy specimen was obtained. A frozen section study showed renal cell carcinoma, and nephrectomy was performed. The patient is well four years after the operation without recurrence or metastasis. Case 2: A 50-year-old man consulted with microhematuria pointed out in a physical examination. At the operation for renal stone, we found the mass in the lower portion of the kidney. A frozen section study of the mass revealed renal cell carcinoma. We performed nephrectomy and lymphadenectomy on the renal pedicle. The patient is well three years after the operation. We reviewed the cases of renal cell carcinoma associated with renal calculi reported in Japan and discussed how the nephrectomy should be performed according to the frozen section study.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1988

[Angiomyolipoma of the kidney with regional lymph node involvement].

A 44-year-old male was admitted with complaints of gross hematuria and high fever. An excretory urogram and renal angiography revealed a massive lesion in the right kidney. A computed tomographic scan showed bilateral renal tumors with low-density areas. Transperitoneal right radical nephrectomy, regional lymph node dissection and left renal biopsy were performed on September 5, 1984. The tumor was 14.5 X 7 X 6 cm in size and yellowish in cross section. The pathological diagnosis was bilateral angiomyolipomas and the same in the right hilar lymph node and the surrounding tissue. There was no evidence of malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[A case of distal ureteral atresia].

A case of distal ureteral atresia with the chief complaint of a mass in the left lower quadrant is reported. On palpation of the abdominal region, a 3 X 4 cm mass, smooth-surfaced and movable, was palpable in the left lower quadrant, IVP failed to show the left kidney, while CT revealed an atrophic left kidney and dilated ureter. For the diagnosis of distal ureteral atresia, total left ureteronephrectomy was performed. The left kidney measured 4.5 X 3 X 3 cm and the ureter was dilated and ended blind. The pathohistological findings included dysplasia with normal nephrons here and there of the kidney. We examined the distal ureteral atresia from the renal tissue.

Female↗
PubMed1983

[Photocystoscopy: experience with a new telescope and polaroid camera].

The ability to photograph the interior of the bladder accurately just by pressing a button has great clinical merit. This approach, which has become a basic method in gastrointestinal endoscopy, is now possible in cystoscopy. We will call this technique which uses a newly designed telescope, Olympus A 3405 and Polaroid Instant Endocamera EC-3 with Polaroid High Speed Color Land Film 600, photocystoscopy . The telescope used in photocystoscopy has more improved resolution and homogeneous brightness through its field of view than the conventional telescope, Olympus O 3405. The photographic image of the bladder interior taken by the Polaroid camera has a good color and fine resolution but its size which is 2.5 cm in diameter is too small for clinical use. Color instantographs by the Polaroid camera are most appropriate for use in photocystoscopy , but many devices and improvements are necessary before it can be used routinely.

Cystoscopes↗
PubMed1983

[A long-term survival after partial nephrectomy in a case of pelvic tumor arising in a solitary kidney].

A 44-year-old man was admitted on January 21, 1975 because of asymptomatic hematuria. The patient had nephrectomy of his left kidney due to nephritis at the age of three. Cystoscopy revealed no abnormalities, and excretory urography showed an irregular filling defect and slight ectasia in right upper calyx. A clinical diagnosis of pelvic tumor of the right kidney was made and partial nephrectomy was performed on April 18, 1975. The resected kidney was 4.5 X 5.0 X 6.5 cm in greatest dimension and the tumor was well localized in the upper calyx. Pathological diagnosis was transitional cell carcinoma, papillary, grade 11, stage 1. About 2 years after the operation, the patient developed a rice-sized tumor in the bladder neck followed by transurethral resection. Otherwise he is in good condition to date, 7 years and 4 months after the partial nephrectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Folic acid in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of chronic alcoholics and methamphetamine addicts.

The folic acid (FA) levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 39 chronic alcoholics, 15 methamphetamine addicts and 18 control subjects were determined using the technique of Lactobacillus casei assay. Twelve of the 39 alcoholics developed delirium tremens (DT) after determination of the FA level. The serum FA level of the alcoholics with DT was significantly lower than that of the controls, and showed a tendency to be lower than in the alcoholics without DT. The CSF FA of the DT group was significantly lower than that of the control group and of the alcoholics without DT. In the methamphetamine addicts, although the serum FA was significantly lower than that of the controls, the CSF FA remained unchanged. All the methamphetamine addicts demonstrated psychological dependence and tolerance development as did the alcoholics, but they did not show any physical dependence. From these results, a mechanism underlying the development of symptoms of physical dependence such as DT was discussed in relation to the CSF FA.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The sleep pattern of chronic alcoholics during the alcohol withdrawal period.

The sleep pattern of 13 alcoholics was recorded for five consecutive nights after the cessation of alcohol intake. In six of the 13 patients, delirium tremens occurred after hospitalization. A decrease of total sleep time and slow wave sleep was more pronounced in the patients with delirium tremens than in those without. REM sleep had slightly decreased in both groups. Rebound increase in REM sleep had not been observed in all the patients with delirium tremens. Stage 1-REM with tonic EMG was observed in these two groups. From these results we are inclined to hypothesize that a deficiency of cerebral 5-HT in alcoholics may lead to a pronounced decrease in slow wave sleep, with rapid eye movements appearing in stage 1 sleep.

Adult↗