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Biomedical subjects

H L Kirschenbaum

Publications and source records attributed to H L Kirschenbaum.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Pharmacist-operated drug information centers in the United States.

Pharmacist-operated drug information centers (DICs) in the United States were surveyed to obtain current information on the availability and scope of their services. Questionnaires were mailed in late 1991 to 179 institutions believed to have organized DICs. Topics covered in the questionnaire included staffing, resources, funding, and services provided. The results were compared with previous survey results to identify trends. Through 1992, 120 usable responses were received. Compared with findings from earlier surveys, DICs' affiliations with medical centers and hospitals have declined and affiliations with pharmacy schools have increased. More personnel work in DICs than ever. Computers are now used by nearly every DIC, there is an increased emphasis on quality-assurance programs for services rendered, and many DICs have increased revenue with new and expanded services. Although DICs are no longer increasing in number, their services are becoming more sophisticated.

Drug Information Services↗
PubMed1987

Pharmacist-operated drug information centers in the United States--1986.

Pharmacist-operated drug information centers (DICs) were surveyed early in 1986 to obtain current information concerning the status, availability, and scope of their services. Questionnaires were sent to 191 institutions believed to be active in disseminating drug information; 127 responses were usable. Descriptive information on the respondents is tabulated, and a comprehensive directory of pharmacist-operated DICs is provided. Significant changes have occurred in the affiliations of DICs since previous surveys, and sources of DIC funding seem to be related to these affiliations. Many DICs appear to have the potential to answer more questions than they actually answer. Since few of them are self-sustaining, DICs should attempt to document how their activities affect prescribing practices and, hence, overall hospital finances.

Computers↗
PubMed1983

Comparative content evaluation of the de Haen and Drugdex drug information systems.

The Missouri evaluation protocol was used for comparing the contents of the Drugdex and de Haen drug information systems. Criteria for evaluating (1) general information content and (2) content of drug-drug interactions are given in the Missouri protocol. To check the two drug information systems for content, 113 sample drugs were randomly selected to represent all pharmacologic-therapeutic categories of the American Hospital Formulary Service. A list of 215 sample drug-drug interactions was randomly selected from Hansten's Drug Interactions. Each system was then search, applying each general content criterion and drug interaction criterion to each sample drug and sample interaction, respectively. Raw data were transformed into the Missouri protocol's seven weighted variables, and aggregate scores were obtained by summing the weighted scores for the variables. All scoring measurements were done by one investigator. Both raw (unweighted) and weighted scores were analyzed. Aggregate scores showed no significant differences between Drugdex and de Haen for either general information content or content of drug-drug interactions. However, analysis of raw data contradicted these results by showing differences between systems for several variables. The de Haen system included general information on a greater percentage of the sample drugs, but Drugdex covered more information criteria per drug. Drugdex contained a greater percentage of the sample drug-drug interactions, but de Haen covered more criteria for a listed interaction. The results of this study suggest that neither Drugdex nor the de Haen system can be recommended for use in lieu of the other. The Missouri protocol has flaws that preclude its routine use for comparative evaluation of drug information systems.

Drug Information Services↗
PubMed1982

Directory of pharmacist-operated drug information centers in the United States.

A directory was compiled consisting of pharmacist-operated drug information centers (DICs) that handle a broad range of calls from outside their own institution. Questionnaires were mailed in early 1980 to 154 DICs. The survey results were reviewed by officers of the ASHP SIG on Drug and Poison Information. A notice to centers that did not respond to the survey was published in the ASHP Newsletter. Each center identified was called by the surveyors during October 1981 to confirm its current service. Addresses, directors' names, hours of operation, and phone numbers are included for the 112 centers identified.

Directories as Topic↗
PubMed1982

Stability and compatibility of lidocaine hydrochloride with selected large-volume parenterals and drug additives.

The stability of lidocaine hydrochloride in six commonly used large-volume parenterals when stored for 14 days and the visual compatibility of lidocaine hydrochloride in admixtures with eight frequently used drugs were studied. Lidocaine hydrochloride admixtures of 2 mg/ml were prepared in both glass and plastic containers of 5% dextrose injection, 0.9% sodium chloride injection, lactated Ringer's injection, 5% dextrose and lactated Ringer's injection, 0.45% sodium chloride injection (plastic container only), and 0.45% sodium chloride and 5% dextrose injection. The admixtures were examined visually and stored for 14 days at 25 +/- 0.5 degrees C under fluorescent light. Lidocaine hydrochloride concentrations were determined spectrophotometrically at times 0, 0.25, 1, 3, 8, and 24 hours, and at 24-hour intervals thereafter. Spectrophotometric assays were confirmed with high-pressure liquid chromatography. Admixtures of lidocaine hydrochloride were prepared with aminophylline, bretylium tosylate, calcium gluconate, digoxin, dopamine hydrochloride, regular insulin, phenytoin sodium, and procainamide hydrochloride in 5% dextrose injection, 0.9% sodium chloride injection, and lactated Ringer's injection. The admixtures were examined visually for 24 hours. Admixtures of lidocaine hydrochloride were stable for 14 days. All admixtures of lidocaine hydrochloride with other drugs were visually compatible except those containing phenytoin sodium. It is concluded that lidocaine hydrochloride is stable in the solutions studied for 14 days at 25 degrees C and visually compatible for 24 hours in admixtures containing all drugs studied except phenytoin sodium.

Drug Combinations↗
PubMed1982

Stability of dobutamine hydrochloride in selected large-volume parenterals.

Stability of dobutamine hydrochloride when mixed with large-volume parenteral solutions was assessed. Dobutamine hydrochloride was added to large-volume solutions of 5% dextrose injection, 0.9% sodium chloride injection, lactated Ringer's injection, and 5% dextrose and 0.45% sodium chloride injection, in both glass and polyvinyl chloride containers; the initial concentration was 1 mg/ml. After 0.25, 1, 3, 8, 24, and 48 hours, the concentration of dobutamine hydrochloride was determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography assay, and each solution was visually examined for evidence of haze, precipitation, color change, or evolution of gas. Concentration of dobutamine hydrochloride in the samples did not exhibit any appreciable change over the 48-hour period, and no HPLC peaks indicating degradation products were noted. Color changes were observed in some of the solutions, but no other visual changes occurred. There were no apparent differences in stability between the admixtures packaged in glass and those in polyvinyl chloride bags. At the concentration studied, dobutamine hydrochloride is stable in the admixtures tested for a minimum of 48 hours.

Catecholamines↗