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Biomedical subjects

H L Reid

Publications and source records attributed to H L Reid.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Hyperfibrinogenemia and hyperviscous plasma in hypertensive Africans.

Changes in plasma fibrinogen concentrations (PFC) and relative plasma viscosity (RPV) were investigated in 61 Nigerian Africans while they were being treated for essential hypertension. The association of these hemorheologic variables with blood pressure was examined. An analogous study was done on 30 normotensive controls for comparison. The hypertensive patients had, overall, a significant increase in both PFC and RPV (p < 0.001) as compared with control values. However, 44.3% of the hypertensive patients had PFC and RPV values within the defined normal limits. This indicates that in a proportion of the hypertensives, treatment notwithstanding, PFC and RPV are altered only within the physiologic limits. Comparison of PFC and RPV with the degree of hypertension (mild: diastolic blood pressure (DBP) = 90mmHg; moderate: DBP = 91-99mmHg; severe: DBP > or = 100mmHg) showed significant stepwise increases at the moderate and severe levels as compared with the mild level of hypertension. The hyperfibrinogenemia and concomitant hyperviscous plasma observed in the present study could either play a role in the pathogenesis of the hypertension or be the consequence of the hypertension itself, at least in some patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Glycosylated haemoglobin HbA1c and HbS1c in non-diabetic Nigerians.

Normal glycosylated haemoglobin levels were determined by the Bio-Rad Haemoglobin A1c by Column Assay, in a large series of non-diabetic Nigerians. Subjects having normal haemoglobin genotype (HbAA) and the common haemoglobinopathies, namely heterozygous sickle cell trait (HbAS) and homozygous sickle-cell anaemia (HbSS) were studied. The group mean uncorrected %HbS1c levels in the HbSS subjects were significantly higher than %HbA1c levels in the HbAA (p less than 0.02) and HbAS (p less than 0.001). However, after correction for HbS and HbF the sickle-cell trait group had a %HbA1c value significantly higher than the %HbS1c value in the HbSS subjects (p less than 0.001). Since the haemoglobinopathies influence the glycosylated haemoglobin results, hence its interpretation, the need to correct observed results for the presence of abnormal haemoglobin has been emphasised. Only then would the application of a glycosylated haemoglobin test be truely meaningful in the management of diabetic patients with the 'S' haemoglobin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Serial plasma fibrinogen changes accompanying sickle cell pain crisis.

Serial measurements of plasma fibrinogen concentrations have been made in nine homozygous sickle cell disease (SCD) patients during vaso-occlusive crisis. Fibrinogen was measured by the clot-weight technique. Changes in fibrinogen concentration showed a typical pattern, rising sharply and significantly to a maximum on approximately the second day of the onset of pain crisis and after treatment was instituted. Because of the well-defined and consistent response of this acute-phase reactant protein, this study suggests that serial measurements of fibrinogen could be used as a sensitive parameter to monitor the progression of sickle cell pain crisis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Comparison of plasma viscosity and fibrinogen concentration in African insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetics with and without hypertension.

Alterations in Relative Plasma Viscosity (RPV) and Plasma Fibrinogen Concentration (PFC) were compared in 24 insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 33 non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) black Nigerian diabetics, during the course of treatment. Both PFC and RPV were significantly (p less than 0.001) increased in the diabetics, as a group, compared to a non-diabetic control group. PFC and RPV showed consistently marginal, though insignificant, increases in the IDDM vs NIDDM. Hypertensive diabetics, as a group, had significantly greater PFC (p less than 0.025), and RPV (p less than 0.025) than normotensive diabetics. Although PFC was significantly (p less than 0.05) raised in hypertensive IDDM, there was no marked change in RPV, compared to normotensive IDDM. Neither PFC nor RPV revealed a significant change between hypertensive and normotensive NIDDM. The implication of the present findings is that insulin-dependent diabetics may be more prone than non-insulin-dependent diabetics to develop haemorheological and hence circulatory disorders.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Concurrent sickle cell disease and diabetes mellitus.

In an attempt to test our hypothesis that a child with sickle cell disease who developed diabetes mellitus early enough, could pass through the various stages of life undetected due to the protection offered by the glycosylation of sickle Hb, we have searched for evidence of the co-existence of the two diseases in Nigerians. We were, however, unable to find any HbSS-diabetic. This study, therefore, shows the extremely low prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus in sickle-cell anaemia subjects, which makes it difficult for us to test our hypothesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Plasma fibrinogen levels in sickle cell disease.

Plasma fibrinogen levels were measured, by a clotweight method, in 25 patients with homozygous sickle cell disease (HbSS) during the steady state and in 36 age matched non-sicklers. Mean fibrinogen levels in the sicklers was 5.3 +/- 2.0 g/l (range 3.0-11.5 g/l) compared with 3.1 +/- 1.0 (range 2.0-5.5 g/l) for non-sicklers (p less than 0.001). There was no significant sex difference between males and females in either group. We suggest the raised fibrinogen seen in SCD may be an added factor in the severity of vascular occlusion during SCD crisis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Treatment of severe intermittent claudication by controlled defibrination.

Fifteen patients with severe intermittent claudication were treated by therapeutic defibrination with subcutaneous injections of ancrod for 5 weeks. Mean plasma-fibrinogen was maintained below 50% of the initial value throughout the treatment period. This reduction in plasma-fibrinogen was accompanied by a parallel fall in whole-blood viscosity and a pronounced clinical improvement. Objective measurements showed maximum benefit on the 21st day of treatment, when the mean resting ankle/arm pressure index had increased by 37%, the post-exercise pressure index had increased by 50%, and the time taken for the pressure index to return to a resting value after a constant exercise had decreased by 33%. (The claudication-count had increased by 59%).

Ancrod↗
PubMed1976

Impaired red cell deformability in peripheral vascular disease.

By means of a recently developed technique, red-cell deformability was measured in 44 patients with peripheral vascular disease and in 44 age and sex matched normal control subjects. 28 patients had intermittent claudication and 16 rest pain or gangrene. The ability of the red cells to deform was significantly reduced in patients and significantly less in patients with rest pain or gangrene than in those who only had intermittent claudication. A reduction in red-cell deformability by retarding blood-flow through the microcirculation may be an important factor in states of peripheral vascular insufficiency.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Plasma and serum viscosity in Nigerian diabetics.

Relative plasma (RPV) and serum (RSV) viscosities were determined in 71 Nigerian diabetics, with and without hypertension, and compared with an age and sex matched normotensive non-diabetic control group. Viscosity was measured by a simple capillary viscometer. RPV and RSV were statistically significantly raised in diabetics compared with controls (p less than 0.001). RPV was 5.03% and RSV was 4.82% higher than non-diabetic values. There was no significant difference in either RPV or RSV due to sex. Also, no relation of RPV or RSV to age, duration of diabetes or type of treatment was identified. Plasma fibrinogen concentration correlated positively and significantly (r = 0.46; p less than 0.001) with RPV. However, whereas a significant rise was observed for total serum protein, albumin (p less than 0.001) and serum globulin concentrations (p less than 0.005), only the gamma-globulin fraction correlated significantly with RSV (r = 0.27; p less than 0.05). RPV was significantly raised in hypertensive diabetics compared with normotensive diabetics (p less than 0.02) but there was no significant difference in RSV of diabetics attributable to hypertension. Our findings show that fibrinogen predominantly contributes to the increased plasma viscosity while the gamma-globulin made the greatest contribution to serum viscosity in Nigerian diabetics. We suggest that abnormally raised plasma and serum viscosities, by contributing to disturbances in normal blood flow and metabolism, may play an essential role in the development of both micro-circulatory disorders and hypertension in some Nigerian diabetics.

Adult↗