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Biomedical subjects

H L Williams

Publications and source records attributed to H L Williams.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Drinking behavior, remission, and relapse: the Rand Report revisited.

Utilizing the Armor, Polich, and Stambul 1976 criteria, the clinical course of patients from 26 treatment programs was studied, with relapse analyses differing from the data reported by Armor et al. The overall rate of remission at 6 mo follow-up was considerably lower (54%) in this study. The data suggest that those alcoholics who chose to reduce their drinking, as an option, experienced a substantial risk of relapse.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1979

Treatment outcome for alcoholics as a function of therapeutic effort.

The association between therapeutic effort measured in terms of reimbursements for services and several treatment outcome variables was examined. A sample of clients regarded as definitely alcoholic was grouped into five categories according to the amount of money reimbursed for treatment in a fee-for-service arrangement. A systematic positive relationship was found between the amount of treatment measured in dollars and therapeutic outcome measured by remission rate and income. The data suggest that there may be an optimal cutoff for resource investment, above which no further treatment gains are achieved. Such information can provide a basis for program management decisions and suggests important implications for assumptions regarding alcoholism.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Secobarbital and information processing.

The Sternberg fixed-set memory-search paradigm was used to assess the relative vulnerability of hypothetical stages of information processing to an oral dose of secobarbital (2.9 mg/kg). D-amphetamine (15 mg, oral dose) was intended to serve as an active placebo. However, since the amphetamine produced a slight, non-significant reduction in choice reaction time (RT), the principal analysis of secobarbital effects was conducted between drug and baseline conditions. Secobarbital showed choice RT by 60 msec. and did not increase errors significantly. The results, as interpreted within Sternberg's model, suggest that input processes, e.g., stimulus preprocessing-encoding, are particularly sensitive to the effects of the barbiturate. There was no evidence of a drug effect on cognitive processes associated with serial comparison, binary decision, or translation-response organization (response selection). In contrast, earlier studies have indicated that another CNS depressant, alcohol, interferes with both speed and accuracy of output processes, viz, the response selection stage.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Simultaneous spectrophotometry of Fe2+ and Cu2+ in serum denatured with guanidine hydrochloride.

We show how iron and copper ions may be simultaneously measured in 0.2 ml of serum after using guanidine hydrochloride to cause their release from protein. Sensitive reagents for iron (2,4,6-tripyridyl-s-triazine) and copper (disodium 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1, 10-phenanthroline disulfonate) facilitate such measurement. We eliminated spectral interference between the two metal-ion complexes by selective use of pH. Results compare well with those obtained by accepted methods in which the concentrations of these ions are measured independently.

Copper↗
PubMed1977

Improved colorimetric determination of serum zinc.

We show how zinc may easily be quantified in serum by first using an optimum concentration of guanidine hydrochloride to cause release of zinc from proteins, followed by complexation of released metals with cyanide. The cyanide complex of zinc is preferentially demasked with chloral hydrate, followed by a colorimetric reaction between zinc and 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol. This is a sensitive water-soluble ligand; its complex with zinc has an absorption maximum at 497 nm. Values found by this technique compare favorably with those obtained by atomic absorption spectroscopy.

Bilirubin↗