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Biomedical subjects

H Löser

Publications and source records attributed to H Löser.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Cardiotoxic effect of the tocolytic agent fenoterol (partusisten) in the neonate (author's transl)].

Forty-two children of mothers treated with beta-adrenergic drugs were investigated cardiologically during a period of 3 1/2 years. Eleven neonates were seen to suffer from severe toxic myocardiopathy associated with heart failure. The mothers had in part been given excessive fenoterol doses for 13 weeks on the average. One child died of regressive myocardial alterations as confirmed by autopsy. Suspicion of toxic myocardiopathy was suggested in another 16 children. Related to the very large number of mothers treated with tocolytic agents, fenoterol-induced myocardiopathy so far appears to be rare. In agreement with other reports, however, our observations suggest the possibility of severe, even perilous myocardial damage. Therefore, the indication and dosage of fenoterol should be subjected to more rigid criteria than so far applied.

Cardiomegaly↗
PubMed1980

The horizontal interventricular septum. Three cases with different ventriculoarterial connections.

Three hearts sharing the anatomical peculiarity of a horizontal interventricular septum are described. In one, both great vessels originate from the superior right ventricle, in the other the great arteries are connected normally, the third one shows a single aortic trunc. It is concluded that the horizontal interventricular septum has to be considered as an independent cardiac deformity occurring with most types of ventriculoarterial connections. Assuming rotation of the bulboventricular loop around a base-apex-axis as the basic ontogenetic event one can trace this morphology back to its original layout. It is, therefore, possible to classify each case according to the usual nomenclature regarding the horizontal septum and the upstairs-downstairs arrangement of the ventricles as an addition. This embryological event of rotation is considered the product of a restraightening process of the previously looped cardiac tube.

Angiocardiography↗
PubMed1977

Type and frequency of cardiac defects in embryofetal alcohol syndrome. Report of 16 cases.

Within a period of 3 years, 56 infants and children with embryofetal alcohol syndrome have been detected and examined for heart defects. All children were from mothers who had been addicted to alcohol even during pregnancy and they showed a typical pattern of malformations, as described by Lemoine et al. (1968) and Jones et al. (1973). In 16 cases cardiovascular malformations were confirmed by heart catheterisation or pathological examination. The overall incidence of heart defects in this syndrome was 29 per cent. The incidence rises to nearly 50 per cent in the more severe types of this syndrome. Atrial septal defects were found to be the most common heart defect (10 out of 16 cases); ventricular septal defects and other variable malformations occurred less frequently. The high incidence of heart defects indicates that alcoholism during pregnancy has to be considered as a serious and preventable cause of congenital heart disease.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1977

[Peripheral stenoses of the pulmonary arteries: possible causes and syndromic relationships (author's transl)].

The catheterization results and additional malformations and diseases in 20 infants and children with pulmonary artery stenosis are reported. In 17 cases additional cardiovascular malformations were found. In 15 cases extracardiac malformations or developmental retardation were observed. Peripheral stenoses of the pulmonary arteries are frequently established in rubella embryopathy, in the syndrome of supravalvular aortic stenosis, in Down s syndrome, in different types of nanism, in thalidomide embryopathy and in the socalled arteriohepatic dysplasia (Watson and Miller) associated with hypoplasia of the bile ducts. In 3 cases an arteriophepatic dysplasia was confirmed by angiocardiography and biopsy. Coarctations of pulmonary arteries rarely need operative interventions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Propranolol in Fallot's tetralogy: hemodynamic investigations and their clinical use (author's transl)].

During heart catheization in 32 non-selected patients with Fallot's Tetralogy the reaction of O2-saturation, right-to-left-shunt and of cineangiocardiography to 0.2 mg/kg propranolol i.v. was tested. Nine of 32 patients reacted favourably to propranolol. Of these 6 were put on a long term-medication of 2 to 3 mg/kg propranolol orally. Only 1 patient did not respond satisfatorily. The effect of propranolol and hemodynamic results are compared with the literature and discussed. In Fallot's Tetralogy propranolol medication without previous testing ist not recommended: without previously established exact diagnosis it can be dangerous even.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Clinical aspects of pathogenesis of alcohol embryopathy (author's transl)].

68 cases of alcohol embryopathy are reported. The main symptoms are intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation (91%), microcephaly (87 per cent), psychomotor and mental retardation (84 per cent) and a typical craniofacial dysmorphism. Other malformations are frequently found such as cardiac defects (31 per cent), anomalies of joints (23 per cent) and genitalia (50 per cent). There is a marked variation in the intensity of the malformations. Taking into account the extent of the craniofacial dysmorphism and the cerebral damage, a classification into three types (I-111) of alcohol embryopathy is proposed. That ethanol has a teratogenic effect seems to be confirmed. The mother's clinical history suggests that the quantity of alcohol consumed has no marked influence on birth weight, length of gestation and severity of the symptoms. Possibly a defective ethanol metabolism in the severely affected mothers may account for the dysplasias.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1976

[Risks and results of banding surgery (author's transl)].

A Muller-Dammann banding operation was performed in 64 infants and small children within 5 years. The diagnosis and the surgical risk (between 5.9% and 65% depending on the degree of intracardial malformation) were presented. Complications and cause of death were described and compared with data presented in the literature. Twenty-three patients were given a follow-up examination with special cardiac diagnostic methods. The hemodynamic results were compared with those from 9 children who were operated on late. As other authors, were also found a pronounced reduction in pulmonary flow in those children operated on early and not in those operated on late.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1976

[Cardiovascular malformations in embryofetal alcohol syndrome (author's transl)].

17 infants and children with embryofetal alcohol syndrome were examined of cardiovascular malformations. In 8 cases heart catheterization revealed malformations, mainly atrial septum defects (in 5 of 8 cases), only in one case a ventricular septum defect, in another case an aplasia of the right pulmonary artery and in one case a mild outflow tract obstruction of the left ventricle. Congenital heart diseases can be expected in nearly 50% of the cases in embryofetal alcohol syndrome.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1975

[Aberrant pulmonary vessels from the abdominal aorta in children with congenital heart disease (author's transl)].

Ten children are described in whom aberrant pulmonary vessels arising from the abdominal aorta were found in the course of cardiac investigations. In five, sequestrated lung, as described Pryce, was demonstrated; in the others, these vessels were found incidentally without any demonstrable abnormality in the lung. Our findings indicate that one must distinguish between aortic pulmonary vessels with and without pulmonary sequestration during childhood. The need for deliberate opacification of the aorta is pointed out. This is also necessary in arriving at the indications for sergery. In the presence of congenital heart defects, these arterial vessels are found particularly in the presence of hypoplastic lungs and with the scimitar syndrome (3 cases).

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1975

[Measurements of blood volume in children with orthostatic syndrome (author's transl)].

The blood volume in 12 children with primary orthostatic syndrome was determined. For six cases it was measured in vertical and horizontal position of the body. Plasma volume was measured by 125J human albumin, erythrocyte volume by 51Cr erythrocytes. In seven cases the values of total blood volume were below the normal values of 68--80 ml/kg body weight when determined in horizontal position. Diminished values were found especially in children suffering from severe orthostatic syndrome. The results indicate the diminution of total blood volume to be an important pathogenetic factor in orthostatic syndrome. In primary orthostatic syndrome it should be differentiated between a hypovolemic type, and a type of predominantly vascular dysregulation. It is suggested that the development of blood volume regulation is delayed. The reduced capacity of the vascular system associated with reduced physical activity could be an additional factor. The active total blood volume increased in all six cases with the change from an upright to a recumbent position. The mean of the difference (3.8 ml/kg body weight) was found to be lower than that in adults. This suggests that sequestration of blood volume is of no evident significance in childhood.

Blood Volume Determination↗