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Biomedical subjects

H Langhammer

Publications and source records attributed to H Langhammer.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Experimental studies and clinical aspects of cold-preserved allogenic spongiosa].

Different temperatures, freeze techniques, and durations of storage for cryopreservation of allogeneic spongious bone were studied in an experimental model. Low temperatures (-70 degrees C to 196 degrees C) without cryoprotectants proved to be favorable in micromorphological as well as scintigraphic analyses. These transplants seem to be equivalent to fresh autologous transplants - at least in animal experiments. Medium-term durations of storage (3 mo) at low temperatures yield the best osteoinductive capacity. Long term storage (12 months) and radiosterilization reduce the quality of the allogeneic bone. The clinical results in 495 transplantations of cryopreserved allogeneic spongious bone confirm the experimental findings.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

In vivo/in vitro labeling of red blood cells with 99mTc.

Red blood cells (RBC) were labeled with 99mTc in vitro after in vivo pretreatment with a stannous solution. The whole in vivo/in vitro procedure took 30-40 min. Pretinning was carried out by injection of either 6 mg DTPA and 0.6 mg Sn++ (Sn-DTPA) or 5 mg pyrophosphate and 0.7 mg Sn++ (Sn-PYP). The results of 1,356 patients were evaluated. The labeling yield was 89.7% (mean) after pretinning with Sn-DTPA and 88.2% following Sn-PYP pretreatment, the median values being 94% and 92%, respectively. The new method was successfully used in over 2,000 patients who had a radionuclide-ventriculography and in 38 patients studied for localization of occult gastrointestinal bleeding. Adverse side effects have never been observed.

Erythrocytes↗
PubMed1982

[Therapeutic results of malignant goiter 1960-1980. Significance of percutaneous radiotherapy in well differentiated carcinomas].

The therapeutic approach in malignant goitre is fairly uniform, apart from use of percutaneous irradiation. The influence of irradiation on survival rate in differentiated carcinomas transgressing organ boundaries was assessed in the evaluation of treatment results in 621 patients (two patient groups: 1960-1980). Early stages of tumour (T0-T1) were seen in only 18% of cases; 24% of all cases had metastases, mainly of the lungs and skeleton. Males died 1.5 times more frequently due to differentiated tumours than did females The 10-year-survival rate was 90% in patients below the age of 50 years in contrast to 60% in older patients. Papillary carcinomas had such a survival rate in 78% and follicular carcinomas in 66%. Stages T0-T2 had a survival of 87% in contrast to 58% in stage T3. Occurrence of distant metastases diminished survival to 48%. 167 patients with irradiation (I) and 73 without (II), but an otherwise equal treatment, with differentiated carcinoma stage T3 could be compared. Group I showed a 5- and 8-year survival of 88% and 75%, group II 68% and 38% (P less than 0.001). Local recurrence was the same in both groups, however metastases occurred more frequently and earlier in group II.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Capillary blood flow in the tests and testosterone secretion in the starved rat.

The average capillary blood flow in the testes was found to be 181 microliter/min/g testis tissue (n = 19) in rats starved for 5 days and 273 microliter/min/g (n = 18, p less than 0.01) in the control group. Plasma testosterone was significantly decreased in the starved animals (1.00 +/- 0.06 ng/ml vs 5.43 +/- 0.63 ng/ml). When starved and control rats were stimulated with human chorion gonadotropin, testosterone values in plasma were greatly increased in both groups. The capillary blood flow was not altered. The date indicate that human chorion gonadotropin can stimulate testosterone production in the starved rat without influencing the reduced capillary blood flow.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Diagnosis of pulmonary embolism: lung perfusion scintigraphy and thoracic roentgenography. Comparison of results in 472 patients with suspected pulmonary embolism].

Although lung-perfusion scintigraphy has been proved to be the most helpful method in the diagnosis of suspected pulmonary embolism, especially in comparison with actual chest-X-ray or ventilation studies, sometimes problems occur in interpreting the scan. The aim of the present retrospective study in 472 patients with suspected pulmonary embolism was to reevaluate the reliability of direct and indirect radiological findings typical for pulmonary embolism. Out of 155 patients with confirmed pulmonary embolism 41% showed those signs in chest-X-ray (true-positive). 59% cases were found to be false-negative. Patients without pulmonary embolism (84%) did not demonstrate any radiological symptoms typical for pulmonary embolism (true-negative) but 16% did (false-positive). Physicians should pay more attention to X-ray findings despite the fact, that their sensitivity and specificity are low, because radiological symptoms represent important additional information, helpful especially in controversial clinical results.

Angiography↗
PubMed1982

[Head and neck cancers. What's new in clinical oncology for the practicing ENT physician?].

An interdisciplinary evaluation is made of the most common forms of head and neck cancer, with emphasis on certain aspects.--In the field of x-ray diagnostics, computed tomography dominates varying importance being given to the individual organs. Nuclear medicine pays particular attention to skeletal scintigraphy and gallium scintigraphy. In radiation therapy, progress has been made especially through the use of optimal radiation planning as well as the use of the after-loading technique and neutron radiation. Antineoplastic chemotherapy is currently being used as palliative treatment, adjuvant chemotherapy and as the first step towards a curative therapy.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1981

[Pretherapeutic metastases diagnosis in bronchial cancer with special reference to nuclear medicine procedures].

In a retrospective study of 280 patients with histologically verified bronchogenic carcinoma, pretherapeutic diagnosis using scanning procedures yielded 13.6% skeletal metastases, 8.6% liver metastases and 3.6% brain metastases. The total 23.9% of hematogenous metastases proved to be dependent on the histological type of tumor: it was highest in small cell anaplastic carcinomas (38.8%) and large cell carcinomas (32.5%), and lowest in epidermoid carcinomas (13.3%). If the localization of metastases was also taken into account, the highest rates of metastases in the skeleton (17.5% and 22.5%) the liver (15%) and the brain (7.5%) were always found with small cell anaplastic and large cell carcinomas. Besides the histopathological type of tumor, the frequency of metastases depended also on the local stage of bronchial cancer. While scanning of the skeleton and the liver for clinical staging of bronchogenic carcinoma should always be regarded as an essential part of primary diagnosis (alternatively ultrasonography and computed tomography of liver) the necessity for brain scan and/or computed tomography depends on the neurological findings and the histomorphological type of tumor.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

[Skeletal scintigraphy for the observation of course and treatment of carcinoma of the prostate ].

Serial skeletal scintigraphy was carried out on 259 patients with carcinoma of the prostate; 5-10% developed bone metastases each year. Isotope uptake was measured in 79 patients receiving treatment; in 60.6% (48 patients) there was a reduction or disappearance of the areas of uptake, in 16.6% (13 patients) they were stationary and 22.8% (18 patients) the metastases progressed. Skeletal scintigraphy is therefore useful during the course of the disease in showing its extent and the effect of treatment.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1979

[Unilateral pulmonary artery aplasia with special reference to lung scintigraphy (author's transl)].

In a case of unilateral aplasia of one Arteria pulmonalis, i.e. proximal interruption, the diagnostic value of perfusion and ventilation scintigraphy is shown to be simple and non-invasive, exposing the patient to a lower radiation dose than other diagnostic screening methods. When an interruption of a main pulmonary artery is radiologically suspected the scintigraphic examination allows to distinguish between vascular and/or parenchymatous pulmonary diseases, thus clarifying the diagnosis of primary pulmonary malperfusion. The results of other examinations, the relevant literature, the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of unilateral pulmonary artery aplasia as well as therapeutical and prognostic aspects are reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Radioimmuno-assay of TSH before and after TRH in 350 patients with previous resection of euthyroid goiter (author's transl)].

Radioimmuno-Assay (RIA) of Thyroid-Stimulating-Hormone (TSH) was performed before and after i.v.-injection of Thyrotropin-Releasing-Hormone (TRH) in 350 patients subsequent to previous resection of euthyroid goiter to find out the optimal treatment schedule for preventing recurrent goiter. In patients without recurrent goiter the dosis of thyroid hormone was considered to be sufficient, if the difference in TSH-levels before and after TRH (delta-TSH) was equivalent to or less than 10 microunits/ml. In patients with recurrent goiter the optimal suppressive dosis of thyroid hormone was accepted for a delta-TSH less than or equal to 2,5 microunits/ml. 126 out of 135 patients, who were set on an immediate and continuous postoperative treatment were free of goiter, 58 presented a delta-TSH less than or equal to 10 microunits/ml (average interval of treatment = 2,5 years), 68 patients had elevated delta-TSH (average interval of treatment 2,1 years) as a sign of insufficient treatment. In 9 patients recurrent goiter was detected in spite of "adequate" treatment. 41 out of 57 patients, set on delayed and partly continuous, partly discontinuous treatment had recurrent goiter (in average after 10 years). delta-TSH was not indicative. 158 patients without any treatment had borderline or slightly increased delta-TSH (in average after 10 years). 122 of these 158 patients had recurrent goiter, 36 were free of goiter. The results favor the necessity of treatment with thyroid hormones starting immediately after operation and with continuous treatment. The combined use of TSH-RIA and TRH-test reliably informs about the individual thyroid hormone dosis necessary for prevention or treatment of recurrent goiters.

Goiter↗
PubMed1978

Serial bone scintigraphy for assessing the effectiveness of treatment of osseous metastases from prostatic cancer.

130 serial bone scintigrams were performed to evaluate the course of skeletal metastases under treatment in 36 patients with prostatic cancer. During a successful treatment scintigraphic controls revealed a significant decrease of the metastatic 99mTc-diphosphonate uptake in 14 patients and sometimes even a complete normalization of the skeletal radioactivity distribution, whereas a progression characterized by an increased multifocal radioactivity concentration was registered in 16 patients indicating the failure of the initiated therapy. Based on these results of follow-up studies scintigraphic bone imaging can be recommended for the assessment of the effectiveness of on-going therapy of skeletal metastases.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

[Scintigraphic and experimental studies with 67Ga in 142 patients with bronchial cancer (author's transl)].

In 142 patients with untreated bronchial carcinoma positive 67Ga scintigrams were obtained in 132 cases (93%). 6 of 10 scintigraphically not detected tumors had diameters less than 2 cm, 4 carcinomas presumably consisted of necrotic tumor masses. There was no dependence of 67Ga accumulation on the histomorphological type of tumor. Differentiated and undifferentiated carcinomas showed a comparably high 67Ga uptake. These scintigraphic findings were confirmed by measuring the quantitative 67Ga concentration in 132 tissue samples of various tumors. In addition these studies revealed an absent or decreased 67Ga accumulation in more or less necrotic tumor masses. The positive tumor scintigraphy with 67Ga-citrate as a non-invasive method is suitable for detecting untreated bronchial carcinomas, especially those localized in the hilar or mediastinal region, which cannot be visualized roentgenologically as well as for indicating the effectiveness of radio- or chemotherapy. 67Ga scanning is also useful in establishing the reappearance of viable tumor tissue in follow-up studies of tumor diseases. The use of 67Ga as a tumor-seeking scanning agent is limited because of its lack of tumor specifity and of its inability to detect tumors smaller than 2 cm in diameter.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Detection and differential diagnosis of bone lesions by scintigraphy.

Bone scintigraphy using 99mTc-labeled phosphate compounds and the scintillation camera supplements X-ray diagnosis in an excellent manner, for localizing and determing the size and metabolic activity of inflammations, degenerations, and malignancies of the skeletal system. It is of prime importance in the early detection and staging of the disease, as well as in registering the course and response to therapy of osseous metastases.

Bone Neoplasms↗