[On the pharmacokinetics of vincamine after i.v. and oral application to the dog (author's transl)].
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Administration, Oral↗
Biomedical subjects
H Laufen
Publications and source records attributed to H Laufen.
Bioavailability of fluconazole in the skin after oral medication.
Fluconazole is an antimycotic drug which until now has been used mostly in the systemic therapy of yeast infections. We have now demonstrated the presence of this drug in various skin structures. After administration of 50 mg of fluconazole per day for 12 days to healthy volunteers, the following mean drug concentrations were measured: serum 1.81 micrograms ml-1, sweat 4.58 micrograms ml-1, dermis-epidermis (without stratum corneum) 2.77 micrograms g-1 and stratum corneum 73 micrograms g-1. Thus, 4 h after the last dose the antimycotic attains a 40-fold higher concentration in the stratum corneum than in serum. One week after ending the oral treatment, 5.8 micrograms g-1 fluconazole was present in stratum corneum. After daily ingestion of 200 mg of fluconazole for 5 days there was a further increase in the mean concentration of fluconazole in stratum corneum, to 127 micrograms g-1. Even 4-5 months after completing the oral treatment, fluconazole was detectable in the head hair and toenails of healthy volunteers. Fluconazole is eliminated from the stratum corneum about 2-3 times more slowly than from serum or plasma. After oral administration fluconazole evidently accumulated rapidly and intensively into the stratum corneum. The concentrations then attained or exceeded the in vitro minimal inhibitory concentrations of fluconazole for most of the dermatophytes and yeasts which are involved in cutaneous mycoses.
Administration, Oral↗
A new pharmaceutical concept for the treatment of oropharyngeal and oesophageal candidosis with fluconazole.
Administration of fluconazole in capsule form has proved effective in the prophylaxis and treatment of mucosal candidosis, particularly in immunosuppressed patients. An additional topical effect in oropharyngeal and oesophageal candidosis might be expected with a fluconazole suspension. This hypothesis was therefore tested in a crossover study in 12 healthy volunteers in whom the concentrations of the antimycotic were measured in saliva and plasma after oral administration of 100 mg fluconazole as either a capsule or a suspension. The time courses of the fluconazole concentrations were very similar with the two formulations in plasma, but significantly different in saliva. Thus, the mean Cmax for fluconazole in saliva of 551 micrograms ml-1 was reached 5 min after ingestion of the suspension, compared with a value of 3 micrograms ml-1 some 4 h after taking the capsule. The mean concentration of the antimycotic in saliva over the observation period (0-96 h) was more than 80% higher with the suspension than with the capsule.
Administration, Oral↗
[Synovial tissue levels in comparison with synovial fluid and serum concentrations following a single daily administration of 20 mg piroxicam (Felden)].
Serum, synovial fluid and synovial tissue was taken from a total of 25 patients of both sexes on whom a synovectomy had been performed, after a 1, 3, 5, 6 or 7 day treatment with a daily administration of 20 mg Piroxicam (5 patients in each group) and the concentration of Piroxicam (Felden) determined. Parallel to this a part of the synovial tissue taken was histologically examined and classified. The analytical results presented here show that in the mean appr. 33% of the Piroxicam passed from the serum into the synovia, appr. 26% into the non or partially florid synovial tissue and appr. 32% into the florid or highly florid synovial tissue. Felden 20 (Piroxicam) thus fulfills the requirement of a good acting, non-steroidal, antiinflammatory substance (NSAID), namely of being available at the location of the inflammatory process.
Adolescent↗