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Biomedical subjects

H Leyh

Publications and source records attributed to H Leyh.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Comparison of the Bard BTA test with voided urine and bladder wash cytology in the diagnosis and management of cancer of the bladder.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the Bard BTA test, a simple latex-agglutination test for cancer of the bladder (BC) that can be performed in less than 3 minutes in the urologist's office, with voided urine or bladder wash cytology in the diagnosis of subjects suspected of having BC on the basis of symptoms or recent abnormal cystoscopy or intravenous urography. METHODS: The study was performed at three medical centers in 414 subjects (147 female and 267 male; mean age 60 years), 345 of whom (83%) had no prior history of BC. The cytologic examinations were performed by pathologists unaware of the results of the BTA test. RESULTS: Cystoscopy or cystoscopy and biopsy revealed BC in 71 subjects (17%). The overall sensitivities of the BTA test and cytology were 70% and 25%, respectively. The specificities of the BTA test and cytology in the 337 subjects without BC were 90% and 100%, respectively. The sensitivities of the BTA test by tumor grade were 17%, 64%, and 92% for grades 1, 2, and 3, respectively; those of cytology were 17%, 14%, and 44%. Regression analysis suggests that tumor grade but no other study variable explains the sensitivity of the BTA test. CONCLUSIONS: The BTA test is considerably more sensitive than cytology in the detection of BC. For urologists who use cytology in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with BC, the BTA test may replace cytology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Bard BTA test compared with voided urine cytology in the diagnosis of recurrent bladder cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the Bard BTA (bladder tumour antigen) test with voided urine cytology (VUC) in the diagnosis of recurrent bladder cancer (BC). METHODS: Urine specimens for the BTA test and VUC were collected on the same day as before cystoscopy from patients undergoing routine surveillance cystoscopy for recurrent BC. The pathologists performing VUC were blinded to the results of the BTA test. RESULTS: BC was identified by cystoscopy and biopsy in 39 of 164 study participants. The overall sensitivities of the BTA test and VUC were 54 and 28%, respectively (p < 0.05). The BTA test was more sensitive than VUC for all tumour stages and grades. For > or = T2 tumours and grade 3 tumours, respectively, the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The specificities of the BTA test and VUC were 92 and 97%, respectively. Both a false-positive BTA test and VUC were found to predict recurrence. CONCLUSION: The BTA test is equal or superior to VUC in the detection of BC in patients undergoing routine surveillance for recurrent BC.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in prostate surgery].

In 23 patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (n = 11) or suprapubic prostatectomy (n = 12), hemostasis and fibrinolysis were studied. In addition to basic coagulation tests, antithrombin III, plasminogen, antiplasmin and fibrin degradation products were determined preoperatively, intra-operatively and postoperatively over a period of 6 days. Evaluation of the results revealed slightly activated blood coagulation and fibrinolysis intraoperatively and postoperatively, with no significant differences being seen between the two groups. Routine use of antifibrinolytic drugs in patients undergoing surgery of the prostate is not recommended.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Patterns of ploidy in renal cell carcinoma.

In a prospective study the patterns of ploidy in 119 kidneys from patients with renal cell carcinoma were analyzed by flow cytometry. A rate of DNA aneuploidy of 53% was observed in the investigated tumors. However, in 4% of the kidneys aneuploid cell distributions were also proven in macroscopically intact tissue far away from the tumor. Although we do not know at present, if these were benign, premalignant or malignant cell alterations, this observation should be considered for decisions regarding conservative renal surgery.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1991

[Purulent cavernitis as a complication of self injection into the cavernous body].

Intracavernous self-injection of vasoactive drugs is commonly prescribed for the treatment of erectile failure. Cavernitis is a serious complication of this treatment. The case of a 63-years-old patient with cavernitis following intracavernous injection of papaverine and subsequent priapism is reported. He had a phlegmonous infection of both corpora cavernosa without infection of the corpus spongiosum. The treatment consisted in surgical debridement of the corpora cavernosa with intracavernous drains inserted for continued irrigation and suction. Complete remission of the infection was ultimately obtained, but fibrosis of the remnants of both corpora cavernosa remained.

Erectile Dysfunction↗
PubMed1989

Difficulties in evaluating urinary specimens after local mitomycin therapy of bladder cancer.

In order to describe the cytological changes induced by mitomycin in urinary specimens, we re-examined cytological specimens from patients with recurring bladder cancer treated by long-term intravesical mitomycin therapy after transurethral resection. Local mitomycin therapy causes an increase of leukocytes and urothelial cells, especially of the umbrella-cell type, in urinary specimens. During and after the application of mitomycin, the nucleus and the cytoplasm of urothelial cells are enlarged, usually proportionally. Urothelial cells frequently show a giant nucleus, multiple prominent nucleoli, and an enlarged foamy cytoplasm of the umbrella-cell type. Anisokaryosis is also seen. Such cytological changes are more remarkable later in the course of therapy and after the end of therapy, and they often confuse cytological interpretation. However, the nuclei of urothelial cells are usually translucent and not hyperchromatic, and there is rarely a coarse chromatin pattern. On the other hand, in positive specimens during or after local mitomycin therapy, usually a number of tumor cells showing nuclear enlargement, hyperchromatic nuclei, coarse chromatin pattern, and/or increased nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio are found beside the atypical cells changed by mitomycin.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Sonographic detection of thromboses of the renal veins and vena cava in adenocarcinoma of the kidney].

Renal cell carcinoma invades the renal vein and the inferior vena cava in 5-33% and 5-10% of the cases, respectively. The ultrasonic findings of 102 consecutive patients with renal tubular carcinoma were compared with the intraoperative and pathohistological results. With ultrasonography the renal vein could be visualized in 81% on the right and in 54% on the left side. 20 patients showed a thrombosis of the renal vein. The main renal vein could be demonstrated in 10 of 13 cases, with a malignant thrombosis in 7 cases. Ultrasound could not visualize any of the 7 thrombotic small renal vein branches. 4 of 5 tumour thrombi in the inferior vena cava could be shown sonographically. The role of ultrasonography in comparison to phlebography and computed tomography in assessing the normal and pathological venous system of the kidney is described.

Adenocarcinoma↗