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Biomedical subjects

H Linde

Publications and source records attributed to H Linde.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Healthcare-associated outbreaks and community-acquired infections due to MRSA carrying the Panton-Valentine leucocidin gene in southeastern Germany.

In response to several isolations of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carrying the Panton-Valentine leucocidin gene (PVL-MRSA), the present study was conducted to document the spread of infection in a small region of southeastern Germany. During a 9-month period, two healthcare-associated outbreaks with PVL-MRSA occurred, affecting 83 patients, personnel and contacts of personnel, and 34 additional cases were detected in the community. The clinical spectrum ranged from colonization to skin infection and necrotizing pneumonia. The findings represent the largest number of PVL-MRSA cases detected in Germany so far, and demonstrate the potential of this emerging pathogen to spread within the community and in healthcare institutions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Prescription of prosthetic ankle-foot mechanisms after lower limb amputation.

BACKGROUND: A correct prosthetic prescription can be derived from adapting the functional benefits of a prosthesis to the functional needs of the prosthetic user. For adequate matching, the functional abilities of the amputees are of value, as well as the technical and functional aspects of the various prosthetic ankle-foot mechanisms. There seems to be no clear clinical consensus on the precise prescription criteria for the various prosthetic ankle-foot mechanisms related to the functional abilities of amputees. OBJECTIVES: To obtain information about aspects of prosthetic ankle-foot mechanisms and daily functioning of amputees with a prosthesis, for appropriate prosthetic prescription criteria. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Musculoskeletal Injuries Group specialised register of trials (April 2003), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library issue 1, 2003), MEDLINE (1966 to April 2003), EMBASE (1983 to April 2003), CINAHL (1982 to April 2003) and reference lists of articles. No language restrictions were applied. SELECTION CRITERIA: All randomised controlled trials and quasi-randomised controlled trials comparing different prosthetic devices for lower limb amputation in adults. No language restrictions were applied. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two reviewers independently identified potential articles from the literature search. Methodological quality was assessed using a checklist comprising 13 criteria. The reviewers extracted data using pre-defined extraction forms. MAIN RESULTS: Twenty-three trials were included, with a total of 217 participants. The methodological quality was moderate. Only one study was of high quality. No classical RCT's were identified, yet, all included studies used cross-over designs allowing sufficient control for confounding. In high activity transfemoral amputees, there is limited evidence for the superiority of the Flex foot during level walking compared with the SACH foot in respect of energy cost and, gait efficiency. This benefit has only been confirmed in transtibial amputees during decline and incline walking and increased walking speeds. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: There is insufficient evidence from high quality comparative studies for the overall superiority of any individual type of prosthetic ankle-foot mechanism. In high activity transfemoral amputees, there is limited evidence for the superiority of the Flex foot during level walking compared with the SACH foot in respect of energy cost and, gait efficiency. This benefit has only been confirmed in transtibial amputees during decline and incline walking and increased walking speeds. In prescribing prosthetic-ankle foot mechanisms for lower-limb amputees, practitioners should take into account availability, patient functional needs, and cost.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed2003

Clinically significant borderline resistance of sequential clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Two sequential clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kpn) were isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (Kpn#1) and sputum (Kpn#2) of a patient with pneumonia, complicated by anatomical and immunosuppressive problems due to Wegener's granulomatosis. Despite 4 weeks of systemic treatment with ciprofloxacin (CIP) Kpn#2 was isolated thereafter. A fluoroquinolone-resistant mutant (Kpn#1-SEL) was derived from Kpn#1 in vitro by selecting on agar plates supplemented with ofloxacin. Kpn#1, Kpn#1-SEL and Kpn#2 had an identical pattern in PFGE. CIP MICs were 0.25, 2 and 4 mg/l for Kpn#1, Kpn#2 and Kpn#1-SEL, respectively. Kpn ATCC 10031 (CIP MIC 0.002 mg/l) served as control. We analyzed mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance by determining antibiotic susceptibility, organic solvent tolerance, accumulation of fluoroquinolones, dominance testing with wild-type topoisomerase genes (gyrA/B, parC/E), sequencing of the quinolone resistance determining regions of gyrA/B, parC/E and marR and Northern blotting of marR and acrAB genes. Compared with Kpn ATCC 10031, elevated MICs to fluoroquinolones and unrelated antibiotics in Kpn#1 was presumably due to a primary efflux pump other than AcrAB and increased the CIP MIC 125-fold. Although Kpn#1 tested sensitive according to NCCLS breakpoints, the elevated CIP MIC of 0.25 mg/l presumably rendered this isolate clinically resistant and lead to therapeutic failure in this case. Further increase of MIC to fluoroquinolones in vivo and in vitro was distinct. Kpn#1-SEL, selected in vitro, acquired a GyrA target mutation, whereas in Kpn#2 no known resistance mechanism could be detected.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed2001

Properties of surface wave trains excited by mass transfer through a liquid surface.

In annular containers, various traveling periodic surface wave trains are generated in liquid layers during the absorption process of a miscible surface-active substance out of the vapor phase. Single and counter-rotating wave trains are observed. We here report on waves found to be dispersion-free associated to mostly longitudinal, dilational surface-tension-gradient-driven motions. We report on interactions of the wave crests and on modulations that lead to wave-number changes of the wave trains. The wave interactions show behavior typically known for solitons.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Internal waves excited by the marangoni effect

Traveling periodic internal wave trains are generated in liquid layers during the absorption process of a miscible surface-active substance out of the vapor phase. In our nonstationary experimental runs, internal waves are excited by surface waves, which had been previously generated by a surface-tension-gradient-driven instability. The internal wave trains adjust their wave number by an Eckhaus instability. Close to the instability threshold narrow and extended pulses are observed. Furthermore, the wave trains can alter their traveling direction, i.e., one wave train traveling in one direction yields to another train, in general of different wave number, traveling in the opposite direction.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Interfacial Wave Motions Due to Marangoni Instability.

In annular containers, traveling periodic wavetrains are generated in liquid layers due to the surface adsorption and subsequent liquid absorption of a miscible surface-active substance. First, localized nucleation of shock-wave-like disturbances are generated by the Marangoni effect. Then, these disturbances yield to surface-wave trains with three-dimensional features which travel through the annular container or to stationary source-and-sink states. To illustrate these phenomena we provide shadowgraph pictures of the waves, space-time diagrams showing the wave evolution and wave modulation, mean frequency of wavetrains as a function of the wave mode, surface deformation, peak-to-trough wave amplitudes, wave sources and sinks, and the time evolution of the estimated Marangoni number. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1997

Marangoni-Stress-Driven "Solitonic" (Periodic) Wave Trains Rotating in an Annular Container during Heat Transfer

Periodic wave trains can be induced at the surface of liquid layers when the liquid is heated from above. These wave trains are an oscillatory regime of the Marangoni-instability. They are studied in a circular annular container, in which a wave synchronization is possible. Two counter-rotating (periodic) wave trains can be observed at a moderate level of supercritical Marangoni-number values. During the head-on collisions of the waves a negative phase shift occurs. This is evidence of the nonlinear interaction of the waves and their "solitonic" properties.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1980

[Catastrophe medicine. General principles].

Catastrophe medicine is the organization of masses under difficult conditions. The present article is concerned with the competence and organization in the event of a catastrophe and describes the phasic course of a catastrophe situation. The most important element of effective first aid measures, screening for shock and pain treatment, and first surgical treatment and the principles of ballistic factors are dealt with. Particular attention is given to the evacuation of emergency patients from the scene of the catastrophe. A request is made for " Catastrophe medicine" to be included by the medical faculties and educational institutes in their course of study for paramedical personnel.

Allied Health Personnel↗