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Biomedical subjects

H Lystad

Publications and source records attributed to H Lystad.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

On-slope evaluation of release bindings for world-class alpine racers.

The alpine release bindings are set as indicated by the scale given in deca N.m (DIN) to the wanted release torque. The actual release torque of the toe unit was measured and calculated in 89 World Cup and national class racers during the Norwegian national championship in 1992. The deviation of the actual release torque from the desired release torque was calculated. The actual release torque was higher than the wanted release torque, with a mean deviation of 24% and a large dispersion from -28% to 130%. For the second testing, this deviation was reduced to 15%. The deviation of the actual release torque from the desired release torque was not related to age of the binding or class of skier (World Cup, European Cup or national class racers). Compared with a similar investigation 10 years ago, there was no significantly lower deviation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Injuries in powder skiing.

A Norwegian multicentre study of the winter 1985-1986, when 328 injured skiers were compared with a control population of 316 uninjured skiers, revealed a significantly lower injury risk for skiers on ungroomed than for skiers on groomed slopes. Thirty-seven skiers were injured on ungroomed slopes, and skiers aged 15-29 years were at risk. The population of uninjured powder skiers was significantly younger than the uninjured skiers on groomed slopes. Beginners were significantly overrepresented among the injured powder skiers, but the skiing ability for uninjured powder skiers was significantly higher than for uninjured skiers on groomed slopes. In conclusion, a lower injury risk was recorded for powder skiers than for skiers on groomed slopes, probably due to a higher skiing ability of the powder skiers.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed1996

Completion rates and injuries in alpine races during the 1994 Olympic Winter Games.

The starting lists for the alpine disciplines during the 1994 Olympic Winter Games in Lillehammer totalled 555 racers, but only 354 of them (64%) completed the different races. The race completion rate was 43% in the slalom, 51% in the giant slalom, 75% in the super giant slalom and 91% in the downhill. In combined downhill/slalom the race completion rate was 60%, but 96% in the downhill and 68% in the slalom part of the combination, respectively. Only three injuries were recorded, all in females. Including the training competitions a total of 1541 runs through the different alpine courses was recorded during the games. This means an injury rate of 1.9 injuries per 1000 runs. For downhill the injury rate was only 1.1 per 1000 runs. If the injury rate is related to the number of skiers who did not finish the race because of falls or skiing errors, the rate was 21.1 injuries per 1000 falls (skiing errors) for all alpine races. In conclusion, the race completion rate was twice as high in downhill as in slalom, and the injury rate was low.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lower extremity equipment-related injuries in alpine recreational skiers.

Lower extremity equipment-related injuries are the most significant injury group in alpine skiing. The lower extremity equipment-related injuries occurring at four Norwegian ski resorts were studied during the winter of 1985 to 1986. A total of 132 skiers with injuries were included (40% of all injured skiers) and compared with a randomly selected control population of 316 uninjured skiers. The most common lower extremity equipment-related injuries were knee sprains (56%) and lower leg fractures (14%), usually caused by no or late binding release. Significantly more lower extremity equipment-related injuries (33%) than other skiing injuries (19%) needed hospital admittance. Children below 10 years had a risk of lower leg fractures nine times that of skiers beyond 20 years. Beginners were six times more at risk for a lower extremity equipment-related injury than skiers of higher skiing abilities. The following factors were also associated with a significantly increased risk for a lower extremity equipment-related injury: less than three skiing seasons, no skiing instruction, and no self-testing of the bindings.

Adolescent↗