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Biomedical subjects

H M Fox

Publications and source records attributed to H M Fox.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Nebraska physicians' attitudes and practices in the field of infant feeding and nutrition.

A questionnaire was mailed to all pediatricians, family practitioners, and general practitioners in Nebraska to determine their attitudes and practices concerning infant feeding and nutrition. One hundred seventy responded. Their attitudes and practices regarding infant feeding and nutrition generally seemed to be positive. Areas in which they were undecided were often nutrition concerns which are currently being researched.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1977

Protein nutrition value of urea supplementation of opaque-2 corn for adolescent boys.

The effect of urea supplementation on the protein nutritional value of a plant protein, opaque-2 corn, for adolescent boys was investigated. Seven 12- to 16-year-old boys were subjects for this 23-day study. The mean apparent nitrogen balance when 6 g of nitrogen from corn was fed and when 4 g of nitrogen from urea was added were + 0.63 and + 1.37 g/day, respectively. The improvement in nitrogen balance resulting from the addition of urea to a plant protein source suggested that urea may be used to partially supply the protein needs of growing boys.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Niacin and pantothenic acid excretions of humans fed a low-methionine, plant-based diet.

The addition of a vitamin to a diet of humans has been shown to increase the excretion of that vitamin. The effects of an increase of one vitamin on another have not been investigated. The objective of the current project was to compare the effects of two supplementation patterns on the niacin and pantothenic acid excretion values of humans consuming a peanut butter-based diet. Two groups each received one of two supplementation regimens. One group received niacin, a multi-vitamin, or no supplement. One group received methionine alone, pantothenic acid alone or methionine plus pantothenic acid. The addition of either vitamin resulted in increased excretion of that vitamin. Urinary niacin excretion of the group that received pantothenic acid and/or methionine was greater than that observed with a multi-vitamin or no supplement. Urinary pantothenic acid excretion was suppressed when niacin was a supplement. Urinary pantothenic acid excretion of the methionine supplement group was greater than the excretion of the groups which received either niacin or multi-vitamin supplements. These data suggest some possible dangers in indiscriminate supplementation of food products.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Nutritional knowledge and attitudes of physicians.

A closed-end questionnaire, containing fifty-five knowledge questions and twenty attitude statements, was mailed to physicians on the mailing list of the Nebraska Medical Association who expressed a willingness to participate in this study. The data reported are based on the responses of 292 physicians (22 per cent of the total possible sample). Twelve per cent indicated they had received no nutrition education in medical school, either as a specific course or integrated with other subjects. Eighty-eight per cent had access to a clinical dietitian, with 40 per cent reporting frequent use of this service. Physicians answered 65 per cent of the knowledge questions correctly, with a tendency to score higher on basic nutritional knowledge questions than on those relating to therapeutic nutrition. Attitudes toward nutrition were generally favorable. There was a significant negative, though moderate, correlation (r = -0.188) between years in practice and nutritional knowledge. No significant relationship was found between nutritional knowledge and attitude. The findings of this study suggest that nutrition education should be considered as an area for postgraduate courses for physicians. Also, a need for a greater awareness and utilization by physicians of the dietitian's potential as a nutritional consultant is indicated.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1976

Measurements of urinary pantothenic acid excretions of alcoholic patients.

Malnutrition is often associated with alcoholism. Nutritional deficiencies found in alcoholic patients are mostly related to protein and B-vitamins. The purpose of this study was to determine whether pantothenic acid nutrition is altered in patients with prolonged intake of alcohol. Urinary pantothenic acid was measured in alcoholic patients during three intervals in a 10-week rehabilitation period. Pantothenic acid excretion of alcoholic patients revealed a lower excretion in an acute phase of the disease (2.7 mg/day) than reported excretion of normal individuals (3.9 mg/day). Inadequate intake of nutrients may have been a contributing factor. In chronic alcoholic patients who participated in a 10-week rehabilitation program, excretion approximated intake at the beginning of the period (6.6 mg/day) and decreased to less than one-half this amount (2.7 mg/day) at the end of the rehabilitation. It may be speculated that alcoholic patients, in general, are unable to utilize pantothenic acid from the diet efficiently, but as they are rehabilitated, more of this vitamin is retained in the body for useful functions.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Metabolic response to a pantothenic acid deficient diet in humans.

The responses of human subjects to a low pantothenic acid test diet and to the same diet supplemented with 10 mg pantothenic acid daily for 63 days were observed. Pantothenic acid in urine and blood and also nitrogen balance were used as criteria for nutritional evaluation. The mean daily urinary pantothenic acid excretion decreased from 3.05 to 0.79 mg in male adult subjects fed a pantothenic acid deficient diet and increased from 3.95 to 5.84 mg in 4 subjects fed a 10 mg supplemented diet from the beginning to the end of 63-day study. Subsequently, a test dose of 100 mg of pantothenic acid was given to both groups for a 7-day period. Subjects previously deprived of pantothenic acid retained 63% of the test dose on the first day of the test period in contrast to 48% retained by supplemented subjects. On the 7th day, both groups retained approximately 40% of the dose. While in general, blood pantothenic acid levels decreased in unsupplemented subjects and remained constant in supplemented subjects, blood pantothenic acid responded less readily to intake than urinary pantothenic acid. Nitrogen retention tended to be higher in supplemented subjects than in those deprived of dietary pantothenic acid.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Nutritional knowledge and attitudes of registered nurses.

Nutritional knowledge and attitudes of hospital nurses in Nebraska and their perceptions of the role of the dietitian in patient care were studied. In general, they had favorable attitudes toward nutrition. Although their knowledge was adequate, they lacked confidence in that knowledge. The nurses perceived dietitians in an educational rather than a service role. Older nurses had more favorable attitudes but were less knowledgeable than younger ones. More knowledgeable nurses had more positive attitudes toward their own role in nutrition education and toward the team approach to health care.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Nutritional and metabolic studies in humans with 1,3-butanediol.

Three studies of the role of 1,3-butanediol (BD) in human nutrition are described. Isocaloric substitution of BD for starch in the diets of volunteers caused less negative nitrogen balance. Ingestion of urea also decreased negative nitrogen balance, and the effect of BD plus urea in the diets seemed to be additive. No effects were detected on many blood parameters measured during and after the study, except that BD feeding decreased blood glucose significantly. 1,3-Butanediol was shown to be a nontoxic metabolite providing a source of calories for human nutrition. In a second study, ingestion of BD was shown to cause slight increases in serum insulin and growth hormone concentrations in the fasting state. We next studied the effects of prior ingestion of BD on serum insulin, growth hormone, glucose, and lipids during glucose tolerance tests. No significant differences in these parameters were noted when prior ingestion of sucrose or an isocaloric quantity of BD were compared. Possible mechanisms whereby ingestion of BD spared nitrogen and caused decreased blood glucose are discussed.

Blood Glucose↗