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Biomedical subjects

H M Friedman

Publications and source records attributed to H M Friedman.

123 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1971

Immunological studies in a patient with ulcerative colitis and sarcoidosis.

This report describes a patient with both ulcerative colitis and sarcoidosis. This association is of interest because of the anergy for cellular immunity which was characteristic of the sarcoidosis and the cytotoxic effect of the patient's lymphocytes for allogenic colon epithelial cells which characterized the ulcerative colitis. This concordance of immunological findings suggests that the cytotoxic effect may have a basis other than cellular immunity.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Glycoprotein C of herpes simplex virus 1 acts as a receptor for the C3b complement component on infected cells.

Receptors for the Fc portion of immunoglobulins or for the third component of complement (C3) are present on a variety of circulating and fixed tissue cells including granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes and glomerular epithelial cells. Cells which lack Fc receptors may express them after infection by herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1, HSV-2, cytomegalovirus or varicella zoster virus. We recently reported that infection by HSV-1 induces both Fc and C3 receptors on human endothelial cells. Glycoprotein E of HSV-1 has been shown to function as an Fc receptor. We now demonstrate that glycoprotein C (gC) of HSV-1 functions as a C3b receptor. This receptor appears following HSV-1, but not HSV-2, infection. Detection of the C3b receptor is blocked by monoclonal antibodies to glycoprotein C (gC) of HSV-1, but not by monoclonal antibodies to other HSV-1 glycoproteins. In addition, the MP mutant of HSV-1, which lacks gC, fails to express a C3b receptor. These results assign a new function of gC of HSV-1 and demonstrate potentially important differences between HSV-1 and HSV-2 glycoproteins.

Complement C3b↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The status of cytomegalovirus vaccine.

Live attenuated Towne strain cytomegalovirus vaccine was evaluated in healthy volunteers and renal transplant recipients. Immunization induced humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in both groups, although responses were of a higher magnitude in healthy volunteers. Immunization of candidates for renal transplantation with Towne vaccine significantly reduced the incidence of moderately severe and severe cytomegalovirus disease in high-risk recipients after transplantation. Reactivation of vaccine-strain virus was not detected. While the use of live attenuated Towne strain vaccine for prevention of primary cytomegalovirus infections in solid-organ transplant recipients and pregnant women deserves further consideration, efforts are also under way to develop a subunit cytomegalovirus vaccine.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infection of endothelial cells by common human viruses.

Common human viruses were evaluated for their ability to replicate in the endothelial cells of human umbilical vein and bovine thoracic aorta in vitro. Infection occurred with most viruses. The susceptibilities of endothelial cells derived from bovine aorta, pulmonary artery, and vena cava were compared. Among the viruses studied, no differences were noted in the ability to grow in endothelial cells from these three large vessels. One virus, herpes simplex virus type 1, was evaluated for its ability to produce persistent infection of endothelial cells. Infection developed and persisted for up to 3 months. After the first week, productive infection was found in less than 1% of cells. Nevertheless, the infection markedly affected the growth and morphology of the endothelial monolayer. Infection with any of several different viruses was noted to alter endothelial cell functions, including adherence of granulocytes, production of colony-stimulating factor, and synthesis of matrix protein. In addition, herpes simplex virus type 1 induced receptors for the Fc portion of IgG and for complement component C3b. These findings indicate that common human viruses can profoundly affect the biology of the endothelium.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vaccines for the prevention of human cytomegalovirus infection.

The status of vaccination against cytomegalovirus (CMV) at the end of 1988 was as follows: (1) The Towne live attenuated vaccine produces humoral and cellular immune responses without viral excretion or demonstrated latency. (2) The Towne vaccine partially protects seronegative renal transplant recipients from severe CMV disease but does not prevent them from getting infected. (3) In healthy subjects the live vaccine is also protective, but protection is related to challenge dose. Vaccine-derived immunity is equivalent to natural immunity for prevention of disease but at higher challenge doses is less protective for prevention of infection. (4) The viral envelope contains proteins that can stimulate humoral and cellular immune responses, although it is not yet clear whether the responses are as protective as those following infection. (5) One glycoprotein of the envelope, the 55-58K protein, can stimulate the same responses. If large amounts of this protein can be produced by molecular biologic techniques, this protein might be used as a subunit vaccine. (6) Target groups for vaccination would include seronegative healthy women and seronegative or seropositive recipients of solid organ transplants.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acquisition of cytomegalovirus infection among female employees at a pediatric hospital.

Of 842 female employees at a pediatric hospital who were tested for cytomegalovirus antibody, 487 (57.8%) were seronegative. We also studied 228 females who had been employed for 3 or more months, and 139 (61.0%) were seronegative. One year after the initial serum 173 seronegative women provided a second sample. Eleven (6.4%) had seroconverted to cytomegalovirus, and none gave a history of significant illness in the interval. Of the 173 women 138 had patient contact jobs and 35 had noncontact jobs. In the contact group 10 of 138 (7.2%) seroconverted including 5 of 46 (10.9%) intensive care nurses, 2 of 11 (18.2%) women on the blood drawing or intravenous insertion team and 3 of 81 (3.7%) nurses on medical and surgical wards. In the noncontact group 1 of 35 (2.9%) seroconverted. Among female employees at a pediatric hospital the risk of cytomegalovirus is substantial and appears to be related to the type of patient contact.

Cytomegalovirus Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of dust-mite allergens in homes and workplaces of the Upper Connecticut River Valley of New England.

This study sought to determine the relative abundance and seasonal variation of Dermatophagoides farinae and D pteronyssinus allergens in homes and workplaces of the Upper Connecticut River Valley of New England. Dust samples were obtained from 15 homes and 23 carpeted workplaces in public buildings. Half the samples were collected in June 1990 and half in September 1990. D pteronyssinus and D farinae content of the samples were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This observational study of homes and workplaces found a predominance of D pteronyssinus allergens in both homes and workplaces; a marked seasonal increase in total Dermatophagoides group I allergens from June to September; and only very low levels of allergens in workplaces. Workplaces seem an unlikely source of significant dust-mite allergen exposure, and workplace exposure does not negate efforts at home dust control by affected patients in this region.

Air Pollution, Indoor↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spelt is wheat.

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Allergens↗