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Biomedical subjects

H M Radwin

Publications and source records attributed to H M Radwin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

The role of posterior lumbotomy in the management of surgical stone disease.

A total of 50 consecutive patients underwent posterior lumbotomy for removal of upper third ureteral or renal pelvic stones between June 1983 and October 1986. Morbidity was low, hospitalization was brief and 100 per cent of the patients were rendered free of stones postoperatively. Dorsal lumbotomy compares favorably with other currently available methods for the management of selected patients with calculous disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Androgen receptors in biopsy specimens of prostate adenocarcinoma. Heterogeneity of distribution and relation to prognostic significance of receptor measurements for survival of advanced cancer patients.

Needle biopsy specimens of primary adenocarcinoma and surgical specimens of carcinomatous nodal tissue were obtained from previously untreated clinical D stage prostatic adenocarcinoma patients. Assessment of the relation between specimen androgen receptor site content and survival using either scatterplots or Kaplan-Meier analyses showed specimen receptor content was a poor prognostic P greater than 0.1, of survival subsequent to orchiectomy or diethylstilbestrol (DES) therapy. The possibility that heterogeneity of specimen androgen receptor site content contributed to this finding was evaluated by comparing receptor content of multiple small or large tissue specimens from the same prostate gland of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia or nonmetastatic prostatic cancer. This evaluation showed significant microheterogeneity of human prostate androgen receptor site content which was substantially masked in large tissue specimens. We conclude that microheterogeneity of human prostate androgen receptor site content compromises the use of biopsy specimen androgen receptor measurements as a prognostic of patient survival subsequent to initiation of hormonal therapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Epidermoid cyst of testis: a case for orchiectomy.

Epidermoid cyst of the testis is a benign lesion without report of metastasis. It cannot be differentiated reliably from the far more common malignant testicular mass on a clinical basis. Simple excision of the cyst, even with concurrent biopsy of the apparently normal surrounding parenchyma, does not exclude the possibility of a remote scar or focus of viable tumor. The existence of a concurrent malignant lesion along with an epidermoid cyst may be more than coincidental. For such an undetected associated lesion, appropriate highly successful adjunctive therapy is delayed if excision of the epidermoid cyst alone is performed. Consequently, inguinal orchiectomy should be the treatment of choice for epidermoid cyst of the testis with the subsequent burden of proof placed on the pathologist to exclude associated lesions that may alter therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Telecommunications in urology.

Through telecommunications the computer can create a breadth of personal communication, dialogue, and interaction that has never before been possible. Participants may actively contribute, may simply listen in, and may be selective in terms of both their interests and their schedules. Any personal computer equipped with a device to communicate over an ordinary telephone line provides entry. Once a few reasonably simple procedures are learned, this technologic tool can serve the physician extensively.

Information Systems↗
PubMed1985

Renal and perirenal infection: the role of computerized tomography.

Predisposing factors, onset of symptoms to diagnosis interval, computerized tomography findings and the impact of computerized tomography on the outcome were studied retrospectively in 24 patients with renal or perirenal infections. The most common predisposing factors were diabetes mellitus and urinary tract calculi. The mean interval from the onset of symptoms to diagnosis was 6.8 days. The most common computerized tomography findings were thickening of Gerota's fascia, renal enlargement, focal decreased renal attenuation, perirenal fluid and focal gas. Four patients died despite early diagnosis and appropriate therapy. Computerized tomography aided in the diagnosis, assessment of the extent of disease, treatment and followup. Computerized tomography is the most direct method to evaluate patients with suspected renal or perirenal infection, although mortality may not be altered significantly.

Abscess↗
PubMed1979

Levamisole immunotherapy of experimental transitional cell carcinoma.

Levamisole, in doses comparable to those under clinical investigation, was shown to significantly (P less than 0.02) delay the onset of transplanted transitional cell carcinoma of C3H mice. The growth of transplanted tumors was inhibited and animal survival prolonged with Levamisole treatment. Further progress in the immunotherapy of transitional cell carcinoma may be aided by such models.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Leukocyte migration inhibition in vitro in bladder carcinoma.

The leukocyte migration inhibition response in vitro of peripheral blood leukocytes from patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, other genitourinary diseases, and normal controls was studied. The agarose droplet migration inhibition method was used to determine the cell-mediated immune reactivity of bladder tumor patients to antigens derived from allogeneic bladder tumor cell lines by hypertonic potassium chloride extraction. Sixty-nine bladder tumor patients were tested 131 times and included 68 positive and 63 negative results. A positive assay was shown to correlate strongly with the presence of tumor at the time of testing (p less than 0.001). Five of 24 patients with other genitourinary diseases had positive inhibition assays, but none of the 26 normal controls were positive. These results suggest that this in vitro assay method may prove valuable in monitoring bladder tumor patients for completeness of initial tumor resection and for clinical recurrence as well as for further studies of the tumor-specific immune response in this disease.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1978

Characterization of unoccupied (R) and occupied (RA) androgen binding components of the hyperplastic human prostate.

Saturation protocols were developed for measurement of unoccupied (R) and steroid-occupied (RA) androgen binding components of human hyperplastic prostate. The concentration of unoccupied cytoplasmic binding sites (2 hr incubation at 2 degrees C) for the synthetic androgen R1881 (17beta-hydroxy-17alpha-methyl-estra-4,9,11-trien-3-one) and the synthetic progestin R5020 (17alpha,21-dimethyl-19-norpregna-4,9-diene-3,20-dione) respectively was 10.7 +/- 1.4 and 14.3 +/- 3.2 fmoles per mg cytosol protein and the apparent steroid affinity respectively was 9.6 +/- 0.8 and 1.6 +/- 0.4 x 10(8) M-1. Steroid specificity of the unoccupied cytoplasmic R1881 and R5020 binding sites was similar. When R1881 and R5020 were employed as probes of total, R plus RA, cytoplasmic binding components (20-24 hr incubation at 15 degrees C) saturable binding of R5020 was not detectable. Total cytoplasmic R1881 binding site concentration and apparent affinity for R1881 were 51.7 +/- 3.3 fmoles per mg cytosol protein and 2.7 +/- 0.6 x 10(7) M-1. R5020 was a poor inhibitor of R1881 binding to total cytoplasmic R1881 binding components.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1978

Renal failure with posttransplant renin-angiotensin mediated hypertension.

Ten days after receiving a kidney transplant, severe hypertension and renal failure developed in a patient with a previously functioning graft. Although moderate blood pressure control was achieved with dialysis and antihypertensive medications, the graft did not function well. A trial of sar-ala-angiotensin II (an angiotensin II antagonist) was associated with a dramatic fall in blood pressure. Subsequently, the patient's own two kidneys were removed, the blood pressure fell to normal on the operating table, and within days graft function improved. The possible explanation for the changes in graft function, including angiotensin II-mediated changes of glomerular filtration rate, are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

High renin hypertension associated with renal cortical cyst.

A fifty-seven-year-old patient with a five to one elevation of right renal vein plasma renin activity associated with a large, simple cortical cyst of the right lower pole is presented. Marsupialization of the cyst was associated with improvement in the patient's hypertension and the finding of bilaterally equal renal vein renin activity three months postoperatively. Possible mechanisms for hypertension are discussed in context of the experimental models of Goldblatt and Page in such lesions as cortical cysts of large size causing hydronephrosis, vascular stretching, or renal parenchymal compression.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

A unified concept of renal trauma.

Of 115 cases of renal trauma 75 injuries were blunt and 40 were penetrating. Primary exploration was done in20 per cent of the patients with blunt injuries and in 100 per cent of those with penetrating injuries. A reparative procedure was done in 60 per cent of the patients operated on for blunt trauma and in 73 per cent of those operated upon for penetrating trauma. Only 3 per cent of the patients with blunt injury and 28 per cent of those with penetrating injury required a nephrectomy. We have concluded that renal injuries should be classified by type and extent rather than by etiology, that the extent of injury should be determined and not surmised, and that the management of renal trauma is a function of the extent of injury and the over-all status of the patient. In addition, the non-operative management of an inadequately defined renal injury cannot be considered conservative management.

Abdominal Injuries↗