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Biomedical subjects

H M Reid

Publications and source records attributed to H M Reid.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Audiogenic seizure susceptibility: inhibitory effect of glucose injection is counteracted by prior glucose.

Audiogenic seizure susceptibility was examined in SJL/J mice injected with glucose 15-30 min before priming and/or subsequent tests. The obtained results confirm previous reports that glucose will inhibit seizure activity if given shortly before a test. In addition, it was found that glucose give 2-4 days previously would counteract the inhibitory effect of glucose injected shortly before testing.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1991

Recovery of susceptibility following audiogenic seizure in mice.

The rate at which SJL/J mice recover susceptibility following an initial sound-induced seizure was examined. Fewer than 15% of the subjects seized when retested after a 2-min delay, and only 50% reseized after a 10-min delay. The likelihood of a second seizure was enhanced if the initial seizure exhibited a rapid progression to clonus. During the retest, seizures progressed more slowly than during the initial test, which indicates that recovery was not complete even if a second seizure was induced. Finally, recovery of seizure susceptibility was prevented as long as the subject continued to be exposed to intense auditory stimulation following the initial convulsion, an effect previously noted by Alexander and Kopeloff (1980). The findings are discussed in terms of a recently proposed central inhibitory model of the recovery of audiogenic seizure susceptibility.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1989

Independence of uniphasic and biphasic audiogenic seizure progressions in mice.

DBA/2J mice were monaurally or binaurally tested for susceptibility to sound-induced seizure. Two seconds following the beginning of running, one group of binaurally tested mice had acoustic stimulation interrupted for 15 s. These mice later seized when the stimulation was readministered. Their seizure progression closely resembled the behavior exhibited by noninterrupted binaurally stimulated mice and did not shift to the biphasic motor pattern of monaurally stimulated subjects. We conclude that the single burst of running of a binaurally tested mouse is qualitatively different from either of the two bursts of running exhibited by monaurally tested mice.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1989

Monaural and binaural audiogenic seizures in mice.

The progression of sound-induced seizures was examined in unilaterally or bilaterally sensitized SJL/J mice tested either monaurally or binaurally. An unexpected right-side advantage for becoming susceptible to audiogenic seizure was observed. In addition, two distinct patterns of seizure progression were noted, a uniphasic sequence in which a single burst of running preceded the convulsion and a biphasic pattern with two such bursts. The biphasic progression is viewed to be the result of unilaterally initiated seizures and characteristically reached only a clonic level of severity. Uniphasic seizures are concluded to be the result of bilaterally initiated seizures and, when they occurred after more than 30 s of auditory stimulation, frequently reached a tonic level of intensity. The present results support the view that audiogenic seizures are characterized by precisely timed, sequential processes dependent upon the specific priming and test procedures employed.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1989

Presence of a non-HLA B cell antigen in rheumatic fever patients and their families as defined by a monoclonal antibody.

Numerous investigators have suspected that there is a genetic predisposition to rheumatic fever (RF). In this context we have recently produced a series of monoclonal antibodies directed against B cells obtained from RF patients one of which, labeled D8/17, identifies a B cell antigen present in 100% of all RF patients studied. While the highest percentage of positive cells were exhibited by RF probands (33.5% +/- SE), the percentage of cells in unaffected siblings and parents was 14.6 and 13%, respectively. The percentage of positive cells in APSGN probands, unaffected siblings, and parents was 2.96, 3.86, and 2.8%, respectively. A low level of B cells (5-7%) bearing the D8/17 marker was seen in control patients. The segregation pattern of the phenotypes defined by the percentage of D8/17 positive cells within HLA-typed RF families are consistent with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance not associated with the human MHC system. We postulate that these phenotypes indicate the presence of at least one necessary genetic factor for susceptibility to RF.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1986

Lateralized audiogenic seizure: motor asymmetries exhibited and the effects of interrupted stimulation.

Sensitized SJL/J mice were monaurally tested for susceptibility to sound-induced seizure. The acoustic stimulation was interrupted for 15 s at various points during the biphasic pattern of running which these mice characteristically exhibit before seizing. Asymmetries of run directions and side of fall were noted. In addition, a dramatic reduction in seizure incidence was found when the interruption either extended into the period when the later burst of running would have occurred or began during this running burst. Finally, the results indicate that the latencies to the later running burst and the subsequent seizure are determined at or about the time of the onset of the first burst of running.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Monaural audiogenic seizures: evidence for control by parallel processes.

SJL/J mice were binaurally sensitized and monaurally tested for susceptibility to sound-induced seizure. Most control subjects exhibited the expected biphasic pattern of running. In mice in the experimental groups, the acoustic stimulation was interrupted for less than 20 s at the conclusion of the initial burst of running. During this quiet period, the side of the blocked ear was reversed for some mice. These mice had an independent biphasic seizure when acoustic stimulation was reintroduced, indicating that the biphasic seizure progression characteristic of monaural testing is the result of a lateralized process. We conclude that the locus of this process is probably at the level of the inferior colliculus (IC).

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recovery of susceptibility to audiogenic seizure in mice.

The applicability of the auditory fatigue and anoxia hypotheses for the refractory period observed after sound-induced seizure was examined in SJL/J mice. Duration of auditory stimulation was varied independent of attainment of clonic seizure activity by use of an acoustic interruption technique. Duration of the recovery period affected the pattern of preconvulsive running. Furthermore, the motor asymmetries exhibited during clonus remained consistent across tests. Because duration of acoustic stimulation and attainment of clonus did not affect recovery rate, we conclude that neither the auditory fatigue nor the anoxia hypothesis provides a complete account for the refractory period after audiogenic seizure. We suggest that an inhibitory process, activated before clonus occurs and perhaps linked to depletion of excitatory amino acids in the inferior colliculus, may also be involved.

Acoustic Stimulation↗