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Biomedical subjects

H M Ruiken

Publications and source records attributed to H M Ruiken.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Headgears in orthodontics: mechanical principles and clinical application].

Understanding of the mechanics of displacement of molars during headgear treatment makes an efficient clinical application possible, while undesirable molar displacements can be prevented or compensated. Of paramount importance is the relationship of the line of force to the center of resistance of the tooth to be moved. This relationship is examined in three dimensions. Subsequently the applicability of mechanical principles in clinical use of headgears is discussed.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1990

Prevalence of dental caries in 7-13-yr-old children in Morogoro District, Tanzania, in 1984, 1986, and 1988.

A 4-yr mixed-longitudinal study to determine the prevalence of caries in 7-13-yr-old Tanzanian children was started in 1984. The parameters considered were age, locality, Socio-Economic Status, and sex. Locality was composed of urban (Morogoro town), rural (Morogoro District), and rural areas in the District with an average fluoride level of 0.5 ppm or more in all drinking water present. SES was established based on the occupation of the father or mother and on housing conditions. Overall, the reproducibility of the dental conditions studied (D2MT/S and D3MT/S) was high, with lower scores for the conditions including early enamel lesions (D3MT/S). The reproducibility of the SES scoring system was high (kappa = 0.96 and kappa = 0.90), but the association over the 2 yr of measurement (1984 and 1988) was weak (r = 0.50). There were no restorations found. The percentage of children with caries increased with increasing age from 12-17% at age 7 to 37% at age 13. The statistical tests (ANOVA) revealed an age effect for all conditions studied in 1984, 1986, and 1988 and a locality effect in 1988 only. The mean D3MT-scores varied between 0.15 and 0.24 at age 7 to 0.76 at age 13, while the mean D3MS-scores varied between 0.27 and 0.31 at age 7 to 1.18 at age 13. In general, the caries prevalence observed was low. Children living in naturally fluoridated rural areas had significantly lower caries scores than children in non-fluoridated areas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Radiographic versus clinical diagnosis of approximal carious lesions.

For school-age children, in whom caries activity has declined considerably, the efficiency of bitewing radiographs in diagnosing approximal lesions requires reevaluation. Therefore parallel clinical and radiographic examination of approximal surfaces were carried out in 317 14-year-old children. To assess the degree of agreement between both methods sensitivity and negative predictive value were determined. At the same time previously published data of children aged 8 through 12 years were reassessed. From the results it is concluded that omission of radiographic examination will not result in a substantial loss of information under the age of 12, but above this age it is advisable to include radiographic diagnosis for approximal surfaces.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Dental caries and dental health behavior in 6-and-10-year-old children].

The aim of the study was to investigate whether or not children with low and high caries experience are different concerning some features of preventive dental health behaviour. Regarding their dietary habits it could be established that the total daily intake of energy and nutrients can not differ between both caries groups, but that there seems to be a tendency to a higher intake during regular meals by children with low caries experience compared to their mates with high caries experience. In case of between-meal consumption it is just the reverse. It appears that there is also a difference in the choice of food products. Strikingly the consumption of sweets and sugar containing foods did not differ between the caries groups. Children with low caries experience use more fluoride tablets and seem to be a little more effective in plaque removal. In conclusion it is pointed out that the observed differences are too small to decide whether children in the low caries group behave more favourably as far as dental health is concerned.

Candy↗